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Publication
Influência da Comunicação Médico-Paciente na Saúde da População Idosa Inativa
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Comunicação Centrada no Paciente (CCP) é reconhecida como a forma
de comunicação mais adequada nos cuidados de saúde. A CCP é uma competência clínica
indispensável, com impacto positivo em aspetos como a adesão terapêutica, nos
resultados clínicos e no bem-estar emocional dos pacientes.
Objetivo: O presente estudo possui como objetivo principal estudar a influência da CCP
no estado de saúde da população idosa economicamente inativa.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal
entre agosto e setembro de 2024, com uma amostra de 94 participantes, com idade
superior ou igual a 70 anos (M=80,60 e DP=7,03), a maioria do sexo feminino (N=56,
59,6%), dos quais 30 são residentes de Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas
(ERPI), 30 frequentam Centros de Dia (CD) e 34 não frequentam nenhuma das
instituições mencionadas. Foram excluídos casos com patologia demencial ou trabalho
remunerado. Foi aplicado um questionário composto pela Escala CCP e o SF-12v2, que
avalia a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde reportada pelo participante. Os dados
obtidos foram analisados com recurso ao software SPSS (Versão 29.0.1.0).
Resultados: A pontuação média da CCP foi de 66,01, sendo que o grupo do sexo
masculino obteve uma pontuação mais elevada do que o grupo do sexo feminino
(p=0,031). Apurou-se, simultaneamente, que valores mais elevados de CCP
correspondem a participantes que não frequentam ERPI ou CD, demonstrando uma
relação positiva entre a CCP e a autonomia (p=0,013). Observou-se uma correlação
estatisticamente significativa positiva entre a CCP e os domínios Funcionamento Físico
(FF), Desempenho Físico (DF) e Saúde Mental (SM) da qualidade de vida relacionada
com a saúde (?=0,237, p=0,022; ?=0,209, p=0,043 e ?=0,236, p=0,022
respetivamente). Por outro lado, observou-se uma correlação negativa entre a CCP e o
domínio Vitalidade (VT) (?=-0,267, p=0,009). Estes resultados são concordantes com a
correlação obtida entre a CCP e as Medida Sumário Física (MSF) e Mental (MSM), com
uma relação positiva entre a CCP e a MSF (?=0,210, p=0,042) e negativa entre a CCP e
a MSM (?=-0,212, p=0,040).
A oportunidade de colocar questões durante a consulta e a inclusão dos pacientes idosos
nas decisões relativas à sua saúde, associaram-se a valores mais elevados de SM
(?=0,316, p=0,002 e ?=0,211, p=0,041). Simultaneamente, os participantes que indicavam um “outro médico especialista” como médico de referência relataram que
estes os incluíam mais frequentemente na tomada de decisões partilhada (p=0,017).
Conclusão: Este estudo reitera a importância da CCP como pilar essencial para a
promoção da qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde, na população idosa
economicamente inativa. É, por isso, importante aprofundar o conhecimento desta
relação entre a comunicação clínica, a saúde e o seu bem-estar emocional e promover a
CCP na prática clínica.
Introduction: Patient-centered communication (PCC) is widely recognized as the most suitable form of communication in healthcare settings. PCC is an essential clinical skill that positively impacts various aspects, such as therapeutic adherence, clinical outcomes and patients’ emotional well-being. Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of PCC on the health status of economically inactive elders. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2024, involving a sample of 94 participants aged 70 years and older (M=80,60, SD=7,03) that predominantly consisted of female participants (N=56, 59,6%). The sample comprised 30 participants residing in Nursing Homes, 30 attending a Day Centre, and 34 who did not attend or reside in any of these institutions. Participants with dementia or those engaged in paid employment were excluded. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, including the PCC scale and the SF-12v2, which assesses self-reported health-related quality of life. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 29.0.1.0). Results: The average PCC score was 66,01, with the male group scoring higher than the female group (p=0,031). Furthermore, it was observed that higher scores were associated with participants who did not attend Nursing Homes or Day centers, indicating a positive relation between PCC and autonomy (p=0,013). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between PCC and the Physical Functioning (PF), Role Physical (RP) and Mental health (MH) domains of health-related quality of life (?=0,237, p=0,022; ?=0,209, p=0,043 and ?=0,236, p=0,022 respectively). Conversely, a negative correlation was identified between PCC and the Vitality (VT) domain (?=-0,267, p=0,009). These findings were aligned with the correlations found between PCC and the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores, with a positive relation between PCC and PCS (?=0,210, p=0,042) and a negative relation between PCC and MCS (?=-0,212, p=0,040). Opportunities to pose questions during consultations and the inclusion of older adults in decisions related to their health were associated with higher MH scores in this population (?=0,316, p=0,002 and ?=0,211, p=0,041). Additionally, participants who identified their primary healthcare provider as “other medical specialist” reported being more frequently included in shared decision-making processes (p=0,017). Conclusion: This study reinforces the importance of PCC as a cornerstone for promoting health-related quality of life in economically inactive older adults. Further research is needed to deepen the understanding of relationship between clinical communication, health, and emotional well-being, as well as promoting PCC in healthcare settings.
Introduction: Patient-centered communication (PCC) is widely recognized as the most suitable form of communication in healthcare settings. PCC is an essential clinical skill that positively impacts various aspects, such as therapeutic adherence, clinical outcomes and patients’ emotional well-being. Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of PCC on the health status of economically inactive elders. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2024, involving a sample of 94 participants aged 70 years and older (M=80,60, SD=7,03) that predominantly consisted of female participants (N=56, 59,6%). The sample comprised 30 participants residing in Nursing Homes, 30 attending a Day Centre, and 34 who did not attend or reside in any of these institutions. Participants with dementia or those engaged in paid employment were excluded. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, including the PCC scale and the SF-12v2, which assesses self-reported health-related quality of life. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 29.0.1.0). Results: The average PCC score was 66,01, with the male group scoring higher than the female group (p=0,031). Furthermore, it was observed that higher scores were associated with participants who did not attend Nursing Homes or Day centers, indicating a positive relation between PCC and autonomy (p=0,013). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between PCC and the Physical Functioning (PF), Role Physical (RP) and Mental health (MH) domains of health-related quality of life (?=0,237, p=0,022; ?=0,209, p=0,043 and ?=0,236, p=0,022 respectively). Conversely, a negative correlation was identified between PCC and the Vitality (VT) domain (?=-0,267, p=0,009). These findings were aligned with the correlations found between PCC and the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores, with a positive relation between PCC and PCS (?=0,210, p=0,042) and a negative relation between PCC and MCS (?=-0,212, p=0,040). Opportunities to pose questions during consultations and the inclusion of older adults in decisions related to their health were associated with higher MH scores in this population (?=0,316, p=0,002 and ?=0,211, p=0,041). Additionally, participants who identified their primary healthcare provider as “other medical specialist” reported being more frequently included in shared decision-making processes (p=0,017). Conclusion: This study reinforces the importance of PCC as a cornerstone for promoting health-related quality of life in economically inactive older adults. Further research is needed to deepen the understanding of relationship between clinical communication, health, and emotional well-being, as well as promoting PCC in healthcare settings.
Description
Keywords
Comunicação Centrada no Paciente Comunicação Clínica Idosos Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde Resultados em Saúde