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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Atualmente, com o aumento da esperança média de vida, 95% das mulheres
atinge a menopausa, sendo esta um marco extremamente importante da vida feminina. Vários
fatores influenciam o modo como esta é experienciada e o nível de escolaridade parece ser
um deles, porém, existem poucos estudos acerca desta temática.
Objetivos: Pretendemos estudar a perceção, conhecimentos e atitudes de mulheres
doutoradas relativamente à menopausa e compreender se a formação académica influencia a
vivência da mesma.
Metodologia: Foi desenhado um estudo observacional e transversal. A amostra incluiu
mulheres com idades entre 45 e 60 anos, doutoradas e com funções de ensino e/ou
investigação na Universidade da Beira Interior. Após a explicação dos objetivos do estudo, as
voluntárias responderam presencialmente a um questionário que foi elaborado pela Sociedade
Portuguesa de Ginecologia e Gedeon Richter e que foi previamente aplicado num estudo
nacional. O inquérito incluiu a caracterização demográfica, o índice de massa corporal, o tipo
de dieta e exercício físico e a caracterização de aspetos da vida quotidiana e da Menopausa.
Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o Statistical Package for Social
Sciences, versão 24.0.
Resultados: Das 65 mulheres doutoradas, 29 encontravam-se na menopausa. A idade média à
última menstruação foi aos 50,6 anos, cerca de 2 anos mais tardia comparativamente à da
amostra do estudo nacional. Do total das mulheres inquiridas, 92,3% preocupava-se pouco ou
nada com a menopausa e 72,3% praticava exercício físico regular, percentagens mais elevadas
que as da amostra nacional. As mulheres na menopausa mostraram menor satisfação com a
aparência e com a relação familiar. Os sintomas que mais surgiram aquando da menopausa
foram os calores e afrontamentos, irritabilidade e dificuldade de concentração, porém 55,2%
das mulheres referiu que nunca interferiram nas suas vidas. 72,4% das mulheres procurou um
médico quando entrou na menopausa. As principais prescrições médicas foram exercício físico
seguido da terapêutica hormonal de substituição. 57,1% das mulheres que estavam na
menopausa referiu conhecer os tratamentos hormonais e 27,6% reportou já ter feito algum
deles.
Conclusões: A maioria das doutoradas inquiridas mostrou uma atitude positiva acerca da
menopausa, porém este período da vida associou-se a uma menor satisfação com a aparência
e com a vida familiar. O nível de escolaridade parece protelar o aparecimento da menopausa
e melhorar a perceção das mulheres acerca da saúde e de aspetos da vida quotidiana, sendo
crucial a individualização das condutas médicas para promover o bem-estar de cada mulher.
Introduction: Nowadays, with the rising of average life expectancy, 95% of women reaches menopause, being this one an extremely important mark in female life. Several factors influence the way this is experienced and educational level seems to be one of those, however, there are few studies about this subject. Objectives: We pretend to study PhD women’s perception, knowledges and attitudes towards menopause and to understand if the educational level influences the living of this one. Methods: It was designed an observational and transversal study. The sample included women between the age of 45 and 60, with a PhD and with teaching and/or investigational functions on University of Beira Interior. After the explanation of the study objectives, the volunteers answered in person to the questionnaire which was elaborated by the Gynecology Portuguese Society and Gedeon Richter and was previously applied to a national study. The survey included the demographic characterization, the body mass index, the type of diet and physical exercise and the characterization of aspects of daily life and of menopause. Data was analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24.0. Results: Of the 65 PhD’s women, 29 had reached menopause. The mean age of the last menstruation was 50,6 years, about 2 years later comparatively with the national sample. Of the total women surveyed, 92,3% cared little or nothing about menopause and 72,3% practiced regular physical exercise, percentage superior to the national sample. Women on menopause showed less satisfaction with appearance and family relationship. The symptoms that appeared the most during menopause were hot flushes, irritability and concentration difficulty, but 55,2% of women reported that symptoms never interfered in their lives. 72,4% of women searched for a doctor when they reached menopause. The main medical prescriptions were physical exercise followed by hormonal replacement therapy. 57,1% of women who were on menopause reported to know hormone therapies and 27,6% reported having already done any of these. Conclusions: Most PhD’s surveyed women showed a positive attitude towards menopause, but this life period was associated with less satisfaction with appearance and with family life. Educational level seems to delay the onset of menopause and to improve women’s perceptions of health and aspects of daily life, being crucial to individualize medical conducts in order to promote the well-being of each woman.
Introduction: Nowadays, with the rising of average life expectancy, 95% of women reaches menopause, being this one an extremely important mark in female life. Several factors influence the way this is experienced and educational level seems to be one of those, however, there are few studies about this subject. Objectives: We pretend to study PhD women’s perception, knowledges and attitudes towards menopause and to understand if the educational level influences the living of this one. Methods: It was designed an observational and transversal study. The sample included women between the age of 45 and 60, with a PhD and with teaching and/or investigational functions on University of Beira Interior. After the explanation of the study objectives, the volunteers answered in person to the questionnaire which was elaborated by the Gynecology Portuguese Society and Gedeon Richter and was previously applied to a national study. The survey included the demographic characterization, the body mass index, the type of diet and physical exercise and the characterization of aspects of daily life and of menopause. Data was analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24.0. Results: Of the 65 PhD’s women, 29 had reached menopause. The mean age of the last menstruation was 50,6 years, about 2 years later comparatively with the national sample. Of the total women surveyed, 92,3% cared little or nothing about menopause and 72,3% practiced regular physical exercise, percentage superior to the national sample. Women on menopause showed less satisfaction with appearance and family relationship. The symptoms that appeared the most during menopause were hot flushes, irritability and concentration difficulty, but 55,2% of women reported that symptoms never interfered in their lives. 72,4% of women searched for a doctor when they reached menopause. The main medical prescriptions were physical exercise followed by hormonal replacement therapy. 57,1% of women who were on menopause reported to know hormone therapies and 27,6% reported having already done any of these. Conclusions: Most PhD’s surveyed women showed a positive attitude towards menopause, but this life period was associated with less satisfaction with appearance and with family life. Educational level seems to delay the onset of menopause and to improve women’s perceptions of health and aspects of daily life, being crucial to individualize medical conducts in order to promote the well-being of each woman.
Description
Keywords
Atitudes Conhecimentos Escolaridade Menopausa Perceção