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Introdução: A telemedicina tem visto a sua utilização aumentar à medida que a sociedade e
a tecnologia evoluem, tendo o seu uso disparado nos últimos 2 anos devido à pandemia
COVID-19. A medicina geral e familiar é uma especialidade fundamental para a prestação
de cuidados de saúde, principalmente de cuidados de saúde primários, sendo importante
expandir e melhorar o seu acesso. Esta monografia vai analisar a utilização da telemedicina
em medicina geral e familiar, averiguando as diferentes formas como é implementada no
mundo, o seu papel na pandemia COVID-19, as suas vantagens e desvantagens, os
obstáculos e desafios encontrados, os estudos realizados e os casos específicos da sua
utilização.
Metodologia: A revisão literária foi realizada no PubMed, tendo como critérios de pesquisa
a combinação das palavras-chave (telemedicine) AND (family medicine) e como critérios de
inclusão artigos em língua portuguesa ou inglesa e com disponibilidade íntegra grátis. Entre
agosto e dezembro de 2021 foi feita a seleção e leitura, que resultou em 33 artigos escolhidos.
Relativamente ao contexto português, foram considerados 5 artigos, sendo então no final
escolhidos no total 38 artigos.
Telemedicina em Medicina Geral e Familiar: A telemedicina pode ser aplicada na educação,
na prestação de cuidados, na gestão da saúde, no rastreio de doenças e na gestão de
desastres. É considerada uma importante parte de um sistema universal de saúde. Pode ser
utilizada de diversas formas e utilizando uma grande variedade de ferramentas/aplicativos.
A telemedicina permite que um médico de família comunique com um especialista para
esclarecimento de casos, permite a realização de consultas virtuais com os pacientes, onde
quer eles estejam, e permite a realização de consultas interdisciplinares, com ou sem o
paciente, mantendo o médico de família como centro de encontro e de cuidados. A
telemedicina possui taxas de utilização diferentes por todo o mundo, tendo vários países
diferentes projetos e modelos de telemedicina. A pandemia de COVID-19 impulsionou uma
forte expansão da telemedicina, com um aumento exponencial do seu uso e derrubando
barreiras previamente existentes. Mesmo que o uso da telemedicina diminua póspandemia, o COVID-19 criou uma nova oportunidade de reformular os serviços de saúde,
especialmente a medicina geral e familiar, e espera-se que a sua utilização se mantenha em
níveis superiores aos pré-pandémicos. Existem diversas vantagens, desvantagens e
desafios/obstáculos. Existem vários estudos realizados nesta área, sendo que a maioria
relata resultados positivos relativamente ao uso da telemedicina. Conclusão: A telemedicina possui a capacidade de renovar e melhorar o exercício da
medicina geral e familiar e de expandir a sua prática, sendo que a pandemia se revelou uma
oportunidade para facilitar a introdução da utilização da telemedicina nesta especialidade.
Introduction: Telemedicine has seen its use increase as society and technology evolve, and its use has skyrocketed in the last 2 years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Family medicine is a fundamental specialty for the provision of health care, especially in primary care, and it is important to expand and improve its access. This monograph will analyze the use of telemedicine in family medicine, investigating the different ways in which it is implemented in the world, its role in the COVID-19 pandemic, its advantages and disadvantages, the obstacles and challenges encountered, the studies carried out and the specific cases of its use. Methodology: The literature review was carried out in PubMed, having as search criteria the combination of the keywords (telemedicine) AND (family medicine) and as inclusion criteria articles in Portuguese or English and with free full availability. Between August and December 2021, the selection and reading was carried out, which resulted in 33 articles chosen. Regarding Portugal, 5 articles were considered, and in the end, a total of 38 articles were chosen. Telemedicine in Family Medicine: Telemedicine can be applied in education, care delivery, health management, disease screening and disaster management. It is considered an important part of a universal health system. It can be used in a variety of ways and using a wide variety of tools/applications. Telemedicine allows a family doctor to communicate with a specialist to clarify cases, allows virtual consultations with patients, wherever they are, and allows for interdisciplinary consultations, with or without the patient, keeping the family doctor as the center of encounter and care. Telemedicine has different usage rates around the world, with different countries having different telemedicine projects and models. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a strong expansion of telemedicine, with an exponential increase in its use and breaking down previously existing barriers. Even if telemedicine use declines post-pandemic, COVID-19 has created a new opportunity to reshape healthcare services, especially in family medicine, and its use is expected to remain at levels higher than pre-pandemics. There are several advantages, disadvantages and challenges/obstacles. There are several studies carried out in this area, most of which report positive results regarding the use of telemedicine. Conclusion: Telemedicine has the ability to renew and improve the practice of family medicine and to expand its practice, and the pandemic has proved to be an opportunity to facilitate the introduction of the use of telemedicine in this specialty.
Introduction: Telemedicine has seen its use increase as society and technology evolve, and its use has skyrocketed in the last 2 years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Family medicine is a fundamental specialty for the provision of health care, especially in primary care, and it is important to expand and improve its access. This monograph will analyze the use of telemedicine in family medicine, investigating the different ways in which it is implemented in the world, its role in the COVID-19 pandemic, its advantages and disadvantages, the obstacles and challenges encountered, the studies carried out and the specific cases of its use. Methodology: The literature review was carried out in PubMed, having as search criteria the combination of the keywords (telemedicine) AND (family medicine) and as inclusion criteria articles in Portuguese or English and with free full availability. Between August and December 2021, the selection and reading was carried out, which resulted in 33 articles chosen. Regarding Portugal, 5 articles were considered, and in the end, a total of 38 articles were chosen. Telemedicine in Family Medicine: Telemedicine can be applied in education, care delivery, health management, disease screening and disaster management. It is considered an important part of a universal health system. It can be used in a variety of ways and using a wide variety of tools/applications. Telemedicine allows a family doctor to communicate with a specialist to clarify cases, allows virtual consultations with patients, wherever they are, and allows for interdisciplinary consultations, with or without the patient, keeping the family doctor as the center of encounter and care. Telemedicine has different usage rates around the world, with different countries having different telemedicine projects and models. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven a strong expansion of telemedicine, with an exponential increase in its use and breaking down previously existing barriers. Even if telemedicine use declines post-pandemic, COVID-19 has created a new opportunity to reshape healthcare services, especially in family medicine, and its use is expected to remain at levels higher than pre-pandemics. There are several advantages, disadvantages and challenges/obstacles. There are several studies carried out in this area, most of which report positive results regarding the use of telemedicine. Conclusion: Telemedicine has the ability to renew and improve the practice of family medicine and to expand its practice, and the pandemic has proved to be an opportunity to facilitate the introduction of the use of telemedicine in this specialty.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados de Saúde Primários Medicina Geral e Familiar Telemedicina Telesaúde