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Abstract(s)
Na literatura encontra-se uma grande variedade de estudos relacionados com a filosofia
Lean. Contudo, a maioria desses estudos tem como unicidade de análise grandes
empresas, principalmente organizações do setor automobilístico. Por sua vez, os
estudos efetuados em pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs) são escassos. Este trabalho
pretende colmatar esta lacuna, revendo a literatura associada à implementação Lean e
às PMEs, com a perspetiva de identificar e analisar os principais drivers e barreiras
enfrentadas. De seguida, foi realizado um estudo qualitativo através de 6 entrevistas a
pequenas e médias empresas, de forma a investigar quais as barreiras e tendências, em
relação à implementação Lean. Procura-se assim dar resposta à questão de pesquisa, de
como é que as PMEs implementam os princípios e práticas Lean.
A informação resultante deste estudo mostrou que, apesar da implementação da
filosofia não se limitar a um tipo, setor ou tamanho de empresa, ainda apresenta
bastantes dificuldades de implementação nas PMEs. As que mais se destacaram, por
surgirem em mais que uma empresa, foi a falta de conhecimento, a resistência à
mudança e a falta de compromisso por parte dos gestores de topo.
Já a sua cultura organizacional, a sua flexibilidade, o foco no cliente e o fato de
possuírem colaboradores com conhecimentos, em relação aos conceitos e práticas da
filosofia, representam ótimos impulsionadores da implementação Lean nas PMEs.
Estas têm um longo caminho a percorrer, que não é assim tão difícil, desde que, haja
um comprometimento de todos, em introduzir, manter e melhorar, este versátil método
de gestão.
É importante conhecer o conceito, mas mais importante, percebê-lo. Além disso, antes
de colher os frutos é necessário semeá-los, ser paciente, persistente e ter uma visão
global da implementação Lean.
In the literature there is a wide variety of studies related to the Lean philosophy. However, most of these studies are uniquely analyzed by large companies, mainly organizations in the automobile sector. In turn, studies carried out in small and medium-sized companies are scarce. This work tries to fill this gap, reviewing the literature that discusses the Lean implementation in SMEs, with the perspective of identifying and analyzing the main challenges and barriers faced. Then, a qualitative study was carried out through 6 interviews with small and medium-sized companies, in order to investigate the barriers and trends, in relation to the Lean implementation. The aim is to answer the research question, how SMEs implement Lean principles and practices. The information resulting from this study showed that, although the implementation of the philosophy is not limited to a type, sector or size of a company, it still presents a lot of difficulties in implementing it in SMEs. The ones that stood out the most, for appearing in more than one company, were the lack of knowledge, the resistance to change and the lack of commitment on the part of top managers. Their organizational culture, their flexibility, their focus on the customer and the fact that they have knowledgeable employees, in relation to the concepts and practices of philosophy, represent great drivers of Lean implementation in SMEs. These have a long way to go, which it is not that difficult, as long as there is a commitment from everyone to introduce, maintain and improve this versatile management method. It is important to know the concept, but more importantly, to understand it. In addition, before reaping the rewards it is necessary to sow them, be patient, persistent and have a global view of Lean implementation.
In the literature there is a wide variety of studies related to the Lean philosophy. However, most of these studies are uniquely analyzed by large companies, mainly organizations in the automobile sector. In turn, studies carried out in small and medium-sized companies are scarce. This work tries to fill this gap, reviewing the literature that discusses the Lean implementation in SMEs, with the perspective of identifying and analyzing the main challenges and barriers faced. Then, a qualitative study was carried out through 6 interviews with small and medium-sized companies, in order to investigate the barriers and trends, in relation to the Lean implementation. The aim is to answer the research question, how SMEs implement Lean principles and practices. The information resulting from this study showed that, although the implementation of the philosophy is not limited to a type, sector or size of a company, it still presents a lot of difficulties in implementing it in SMEs. The ones that stood out the most, for appearing in more than one company, were the lack of knowledge, the resistance to change and the lack of commitment on the part of top managers. Their organizational culture, their flexibility, their focus on the customer and the fact that they have knowledgeable employees, in relation to the concepts and practices of philosophy, represent great drivers of Lean implementation in SMEs. These have a long way to go, which it is not that difficult, as long as there is a commitment from everyone to introduce, maintain and improve this versatile management method. It is important to know the concept, but more importantly, to understand it. In addition, before reaping the rewards it is necessary to sow them, be patient, persistent and have a global view of Lean implementation.
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Keywords
Barreiras Implementação Lean Pme Princípios