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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As lesões musculoesqueléticas são das doenças profissionais mais comuns na indústria.
Existem fatores de risco físicos, individuais e psicossociais e organizacionais que podem
contribuir para o desenvolvimento deste tipo de lesões. A indústria dos polimentos foi
selecionada para realizar o presente caso de estudo, porque tem presente muitos destes
fatores, em particular os fatores de risco relacionados com o trabalho repetitivo e
monótono.
O objetivo geral desta dissertação consistiu na elaboração de um plano de Intervenção
Ergonómica, que permita melhorar as condições de trabalho no contexto laboral
estudado.
Foram identificados, analisados e avaliados os riscos ao nível da higiene e segurança no
trabalho, incluindo os riscos ergonómicos e psicossociais relacionados com o trabalho
através da aplicação várias ferramentas de avaliação validadas, nomeadamente a British
Standard 8800, a equação do NIOSH, o método RULA, o método REBA e a versão média
do questionário COPSOQ III.
A utilização destas ferramentas, revelou uma série de deficiências ao nível da Higiene e
Segurança do Trabalho, desde perigos elétricos a perigos de atropelamento entre outros.
Na movimentação manual de cargas, observa-se uma carga excessiva em todos os
setores, com particular destaque no setor da Lavagem. Ao nível das posturas de trabalho,
os trabalhos de polimento apresentam uma situação preocupante, com particular
destaque para os trabalhos da Lavagem e do Controlo da Qualidade. A análise
Psicossocial revelou a existência de possíveis conflitos entre os trabalhadores e uma
desmotivação dos mesmos.
A análise desta empresa revelou uma necessidade urgente na intervenção ao nível da
Higiene e Segurança no Trabalho, mas também ao nível Ergonómico e Psicossocial,
apresentando-se os problemas e as respetivas soluções que mais se adequam a cada
situação identificada. A contribuição deste trabalho assenta essencialmente na criação
de um caso de estudo pioneiro para a indústria dos polimentos, com potencial de ser
replicado em indústrias similares.
Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common occupational diseases in industry. There are physical, individual, psychosocial and organisational risk factors that can contribute to the development of this type of injury. The polishing industry was selected to carry out the present case study because it has many of these factors present, in particular risk factors related to repetitive and monotonous work. The general objective of this dissertation was the elaboration of an Ergonomic Intervention Plan, which allows the improvement of the working conditions in the studied work context. Occupational health and safety risks were identified, analysed and evaluated, including ergonomic and psychosocial risks related to work by applying various validated assessment tools, namely the British Standard 8800, the NIOSH equation, the RULA method, the REBA method and the average version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire. The use of these tools revealed a series of deficiencies in terms of Health and Safety at Work, ranging from electrical hazards to trampling hazards, among others. In the manual handling of loads, an excessive load is observed in all sectors, with particular emphasis on the Washing sector. In terms of work postures, the polishing jobs present a worrying situation, with particular emphasis on the Washing and Quality Control jobs. The Psychosocial analysis revealed the existence of possible conflicts between workers and a lack of motivation among them. The analysis of this company revealed an urgent need for intervention at the level of Hygiene and Safety at Work, but also at the Ergonomic and Psychosocial levels, presenting the problems and the respective solutions that best fit each situation identified. The contribution of this work is essentially based on the creation of a pioneer case study for the polishing industry, with the potential to be replicated in similar industries.
Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common occupational diseases in industry. There are physical, individual, psychosocial and organisational risk factors that can contribute to the development of this type of injury. The polishing industry was selected to carry out the present case study because it has many of these factors present, in particular risk factors related to repetitive and monotonous work. The general objective of this dissertation was the elaboration of an Ergonomic Intervention Plan, which allows the improvement of the working conditions in the studied work context. Occupational health and safety risks were identified, analysed and evaluated, including ergonomic and psychosocial risks related to work by applying various validated assessment tools, namely the British Standard 8800, the NIOSH equation, the RULA method, the REBA method and the average version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire. The use of these tools revealed a series of deficiencies in terms of Health and Safety at Work, ranging from electrical hazards to trampling hazards, among others. In the manual handling of loads, an excessive load is observed in all sectors, with particular emphasis on the Washing sector. In terms of work postures, the polishing jobs present a worrying situation, with particular emphasis on the Washing and Quality Control jobs. The Psychosocial analysis revealed the existence of possible conflicts between workers and a lack of motivation among them. The analysis of this company revealed an urgent need for intervention at the level of Hygiene and Safety at Work, but also at the Ergonomic and Psychosocial levels, presenting the problems and the respective solutions that best fit each situation identified. The contribution of this work is essentially based on the creation of a pioneer case study for the polishing industry, with the potential to be replicated in similar industries.
Description
Keywords
Riscos Psicossociais Relacionados com o Trabalho Ergonomia de Produção Higiene e Segurança no Trabalho Indústria de Polimentos