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Abstract(s)
A teorização sobre o humor começou na Antiguidade Clássica com o contributo dos filósofos gregos e romanos. O tema continuou a ser objeto de investigação até ao século XX, tendo as teorias sobre o humor e o riso sido agrupadas em três categorias: a teoria da superioridade, a teoria da incongruência e a teoria da libertação. Apesar deste aprofundamento, o humor continua a ser um conceito ambíguo que permite várias interpretações e sentidos. O riso é a resposta a um estímulo humorístico e por isso as narrativas são construídas com base nos mecanismos do humor para que resultem em construções caricatas. A sátira, a ironia ou a caricatura são os auxiliares do trabalho humorístico.
O humor é uma forma de comunicação e, por isso, para além de fazer rir tem ainda outras finalidades. Identificar, esclarecer, executar, diferenciar ou criticar são algumas das funções do humor num discurso. No caso particular do humor oral, o espaço de intervenção começou por ser a rua, ganhou depois o palco dos teatros e chegou à rádio, à televisão e, mais recentemente, à Internet.
A rádio, objeto de estudo deste trabalho, popularizou os programas humorísticos a partir dos anos 30 do século XX. O humor sobreviveu ao período da Censura e hoje os programas e rubricas humorísticas estão entre os conteúdos mais ouvidos na rádio portuguesa. Os novos humoristas apresentam um humor mais diversificado, trabalham sobre qualquer tema e decidem o que deve ser alvo do humor.
O objetivo desta dissertação foi caracterizar os mecanismos do humor que provocam o riso e perceber qual é a função do humor neste tipo de programas. Com essa finalidade foi desenvolvido um trabalho de análise qualitativa e quantitativa aos programas Mixórdia de Temáticas (Rádio Comercial) e Portugalex (Antena 1) procurando-se estudar as teorias, os mecanismos e as funções do humor mais usadas. Os resultados mostram que a ironia, a sátira e a caricatura são os mecanismos mais usados na construção humorística, mas não é possível definir um padrão humorístico nas rádios portugueses uma vez que os programas diferem nos temas, nos mecanismos do humor utilizados e nos enquadramentos. Por outro lado confirma-se que estes espaços são mais que narrativas humorísticas, são uma forma de crítica social, tal como ocorria no passado nos teatros e humor de rua.
The theorizing on humor began in Classical Antiquity with the contribution of the greek and roman philosophers. The theme continued to be the object of investigation into the twentieth century and theories of humor and laughter have been grouped into three categories: the superiority theory, incongruity theory and the relief theory. Despite this deepening, the humor remains an ambiguous concept that allows various interpretations and meanings. Laughter is the answer to a humorous stimulus and therefore the narratives are built in humor mechanisms that result in caricatures buildings. The satire, irony and caricature are the auxiliary humorous work. Humor is a form of communication and, therefore, in addition to making people laugh has other purposes. To identify, clarify, enforce, differentiate or criticize are some of the functions of the humor in a speech. In the case of oral humor, the intervention space began as a street, then won the stage and the theater came to the radio, television and, more recently, the Internet. The radio, this work subject of study, popularized comedies from the 30’s of the twentieth century. The humor survived the period of censure and today's the programs and humorous lines are among the most heard in Portuguese radio. Young humorists present a more diversified humor, work on any topic and decide what should be the subject of humor. The objective of this work was to characterize the mechanisms of humor that provoke laughter and realize what is the function of the humor in this type of program. To this object it developed a work of qualitative and quantitative analysis to the programs Mixórdia de Temáticas (Rádio Comercial) and Portugalex (Antena 1)) seeking to study the theories, mechanisms and functions of the most commonly used humor. The results show that irony, satire and caricature are the mechanisms used in more humorous construction, but it can not set a humorous pattern in the portuguese radios since the programs differ in the subjects, in the humor mechanisms used and frameworks. On the other hand it is confirmed that these spaces are more than humorous narratives, they are a form of social criticism, such as in the past in theaters and street humor.
The theorizing on humor began in Classical Antiquity with the contribution of the greek and roman philosophers. The theme continued to be the object of investigation into the twentieth century and theories of humor and laughter have been grouped into three categories: the superiority theory, incongruity theory and the relief theory. Despite this deepening, the humor remains an ambiguous concept that allows various interpretations and meanings. Laughter is the answer to a humorous stimulus and therefore the narratives are built in humor mechanisms that result in caricatures buildings. The satire, irony and caricature are the auxiliary humorous work. Humor is a form of communication and, therefore, in addition to making people laugh has other purposes. To identify, clarify, enforce, differentiate or criticize are some of the functions of the humor in a speech. In the case of oral humor, the intervention space began as a street, then won the stage and the theater came to the radio, television and, more recently, the Internet. The radio, this work subject of study, popularized comedies from the 30’s of the twentieth century. The humor survived the period of censure and today's the programs and humorous lines are among the most heard in Portuguese radio. Young humorists present a more diversified humor, work on any topic and decide what should be the subject of humor. The objective of this work was to characterize the mechanisms of humor that provoke laughter and realize what is the function of the humor in this type of program. To this object it developed a work of qualitative and quantitative analysis to the programs Mixórdia de Temáticas (Rádio Comercial) and Portugalex (Antena 1)) seeking to study the theories, mechanisms and functions of the most commonly used humor. The results show that irony, satire and caricature are the mechanisms used in more humorous construction, but it can not set a humorous pattern in the portuguese radios since the programs differ in the subjects, in the humor mechanisms used and frameworks. On the other hand it is confirmed that these spaces are more than humorous narratives, they are a form of social criticism, such as in the past in theaters and street humor.
Description
Keywords
Comunicação Humor Modalidades e Mecanismos Rádio Riso