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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A prevalência da Síndrome de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) tem
aumentado, em Portugal e no mundo em geral. De acordo com o Observatório Nacional de
Diabetes de 2023, o número de pessoas com a doença aumentou 20%, em sete anos, e
Portugal integra o top 3 da Europa em termos de prevalência. Na última década, a diabetes
mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) sofreu um aumento de 16,3%, em Portugal. Considerada já uma
epidemia mundial, partilha vários fatores de risco com a SAOS, estando muitas vezes
presentes num mesmo doente. Quando presentes, em simultâneo incrementam a
morbimortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares.
Objetivos: Pretende-se demonstrar a correlação entre SAOS e DM2; conhecer as
características clínicas dos doentes submetidos ao estudo do sono; identificar outros fatores
de risco associados a estas patologias e nomear perspetivas de investigação futura.
Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo, que incidiu sobre uma amostra de 488
doentes submetidos a estudos do sono, no Hospital Amato Lusitano, nos anos 2019 e 2020.
Desta população, estabeleceram-se dois grupos: doentes diabéticos com apneia do sono e
doentes não diabéticos com apneia do sono (grupo controlo). A colheita dos dados, foi feita
a partir dos: registos da ICD10; processos clínicos informatizados dos doentes e relatórios
dos estudos do sono. A análise estatística, foi feita com recurso ao SPSS Statistics 25.
Primeiro procedeu-se à caracterização da amostra, através de técnicas de estatística
descritiva. Posteriormente, recorreu-se a técnicas de estatística inferencial, como o Teste do
Qui Quadrado, Teste Exato de Fisher e Teste de Kruskal-Wallis.
Resultados: Do total de doentes em estudo, 94,88% têm apneia do tipo obstrutivo; 3,07%
do tipo central e 2,05% do tipo misto. A amostra é, maioritariamente, composta por
indivíduos do sexo masculino. A média de idades é de 58,5 no grupo controlo e 62,4 anos
no grupo de doentes diabéticos. O excesso de peso/obesidade está muito presente na
amostra, afetando 96,2% dos doentes diabéticos e 89,7% do grupo controlo. Das
comorbilidades estudadas as mais prevalentes são: a hipertensão arterial, a dislipidemia e
o status ex-fumador.
Conclusão: A DM2 e a SAOS relacionam-se entre si. O excesso de peso/obesidade afeta a
maioria dos doentes com SAOS. O diagnóstico de SAOS é feito, principalmente nos
primeiros 10 anos de DM2. Estes têm maior necessidade de ventilação não invasiva.
Background: The prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) has increased in Portugal and in the world in general. According to the Observatório Nacional de Diabetes of 2023, the number of people with the disease has increased by 20%, in seven years, and Portugal is in the top 3 in Europe in terms of prevalence. In the last decade, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) has increased by 16,3% in Portugal. Already considered a worldwide epidemic, it shares several risk factors with OSAS, so they are often present in the same patient. When present, simultaneously, morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases increase. Objectives: The objectives of the study are: to demonstrate the correlation between OSAS and DM2; to know the clinical characteristics of patients undergoing sleep study; to identify other risk factors associated with these pathologies and to nominate future research prospects. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, focused on a sample of 488 patients undergoing sleep studies, in Hospital Amato Lusitano, in 2019 and 2020. Two groups were established from this population: diabetic patients with sleep apnea and non-diabetic patients with sleep apnea (control group). The data were collected from: records of the ICD10; computerized clinical processes of patients and sleep studies reports. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 25. First, the sample was characterized by descriptive statistical techniques. Subsequently, inferential statistical techniques were used, such as the Chi Square Test, Fisher’s Exact Test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Of the total number of patients in the study 94,88% have obstructive apnea, 3,07% have the central type and 2,05% have mixed apnea. The sample is mostly composed of males. The mean age is 58,5 in the control group and 62,4 years in the diabetic patient group. Overweight/obesity is very present in the sample, affecting 96,2% of diabetic patients and 89,7% of the control group. Of the comorbidities studied, the most prevalent are: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and former smoking status. Conclusion: DM2 and OSAS are related to each other. Overweight/obesity affects most patients with OSAS. The diagnosis of OSAS is made, especially in the first 10 years of DM2. These have a higher need for non invasive ventilation.
Background: The prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) has increased in Portugal and in the world in general. According to the Observatório Nacional de Diabetes of 2023, the number of people with the disease has increased by 20%, in seven years, and Portugal is in the top 3 in Europe in terms of prevalence. In the last decade, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) has increased by 16,3% in Portugal. Already considered a worldwide epidemic, it shares several risk factors with OSAS, so they are often present in the same patient. When present, simultaneously, morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases increase. Objectives: The objectives of the study are: to demonstrate the correlation between OSAS and DM2; to know the clinical characteristics of patients undergoing sleep study; to identify other risk factors associated with these pathologies and to nominate future research prospects. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, focused on a sample of 488 patients undergoing sleep studies, in Hospital Amato Lusitano, in 2019 and 2020. Two groups were established from this population: diabetic patients with sleep apnea and non-diabetic patients with sleep apnea (control group). The data were collected from: records of the ICD10; computerized clinical processes of patients and sleep studies reports. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 25. First, the sample was characterized by descriptive statistical techniques. Subsequently, inferential statistical techniques were used, such as the Chi Square Test, Fisher’s Exact Test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Of the total number of patients in the study 94,88% have obstructive apnea, 3,07% have the central type and 2,05% have mixed apnea. The sample is mostly composed of males. The mean age is 58,5 in the control group and 62,4 years in the diabetic patient group. Overweight/obesity is very present in the sample, affecting 96,2% of diabetic patients and 89,7% of the control group. Of the comorbidities studied, the most prevalent are: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and former smoking status. Conclusion: DM2 and OSAS are related to each other. Overweight/obesity affects most patients with OSAS. The diagnosis of OSAS is made, especially in the first 10 years of DM2. These have a higher need for non invasive ventilation.
Description
Keywords
Apneia do Sono Dm2 Doenças Cardiovasculares Obesidade Saos