| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.58 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As crescentes preocupações ambientais e o aumento do preço da energia tornam a eficiência energética um aspecto cada vez mais preponderante no momento da tomada de decisão quanto aos materiais e equipamentos a utilizar numa habitação. Uma aposta na eficiência energética, embora possa comportar um investimento inicial mais avultado, acarreta normalmente uma poupança não só energética como também económica, a longo prazo.
Existem diversas formas de satisfazer as necessidades de água quente sanitária (AQS) e de aquecimento numa habitação, através de diversos sistemas e explorando diferentes fontes energéticas.
Neste trabalho abordou-se o desempenho térmico e económico de um sistema de bomba de calor geotérmica assistida por painéis solares térmicos (SAGSHP - Solar Assisted Ground Source Heat Pump). Para tal simulou-se o funcionamento deste sistema que deve satisfazer as necessidades de AQS e de aquecimento de espaços por intermédio de piso radiante de uma habitação, ao longo da época de aquecimento com as características referentes ao ficheiro climático de Coimbra.
Como termos de comparação simularam-se os desempenhos de dois sistemas mais comuns, uma caldeira a gasóleo e uma caldeira a gás natural. Simulou-se também o desempenho de um sistema menos comum, mas cuja utilização tem vindo a aumentar, com recurso a bomba de calor geotérmica (GSHP – Ground Source Heat Pump).
Após a constatação de que a instalação do permutador geotérmico é cara e está sujeita a condicionantes da geografia e morfologia do terreno, tentou contornar-se a instalação deste permutador, simulando um sistema de bomba de calor com assistência solar.
O sistema com bomba de calor solar (BCS) foi projectado com base na premissa de que à entrada da bomba de calor seja disponibilizada uma fonte térmica com um limite inferior de temperatura que permita um bom desempenho à bomba de calor.
Os sistemas com recurso a bomba de calor obtiveram resultados mais favoráveis do que aqueles com recurso a caldeira, verificando-se, no entanto, a necessidade de um maior investimento inicial.
Os sistemas com recurso a assistência solar obtiveram os melhores resultados, destacando-se o sistema BCS com um coeficiente de desempenho (COP - Coefficient Of Performance) mais elevado e um preço bem mais favorável do que o sistema SAGSHP.
Nowadays, energy efficiency is an important feature when making a decision about the best materials and equipment that can be used in a house because of growing environmental concerns and rising energy prices. Although a substantial initial investment is needed, higher energy efficiency usually results in long-term energetic and economic savings. There are several ways to get domestic hot water and house heating through various systems and different energy sources. In the present work the economic and thermal performance of a Solar Assisted Ground Source Heat Pump system (SAGSHP) was studied. Thus, this system was simulated in order to reach the needs of domestic hot water and heating through radiant floor in a house during the heating season and considering the weather file of Coimbra. The two most common systems, a diesel boiler and a natural gas boiler, were simulated in order to compare their performance with not so common systems. Therefore, a system using a geothermal heat pump (GSHP – Ground Source Heat Pump) was simulated. After realizing the installation cost of the ground source heat exchanger is expensive and is subject to geographical constraints, an alternative system, working with a solar assisted heat pump was also simulated. The solar heat pump (BCS) system was designed based on the assumption that a thermal source with a minimum temperature of 14°C is provided at the entry of the heat pump. Although the initial investment cost is higher, the systems using the heat pump had better results than those using the boiler. The systems with solar assistance obtained the best results, in particular the BCS system which presented a higher coefficient of performance (COP) and a better price compared to that of the SAGSHP system.
Nowadays, energy efficiency is an important feature when making a decision about the best materials and equipment that can be used in a house because of growing environmental concerns and rising energy prices. Although a substantial initial investment is needed, higher energy efficiency usually results in long-term energetic and economic savings. There are several ways to get domestic hot water and house heating through various systems and different energy sources. In the present work the economic and thermal performance of a Solar Assisted Ground Source Heat Pump system (SAGSHP) was studied. Thus, this system was simulated in order to reach the needs of domestic hot water and heating through radiant floor in a house during the heating season and considering the weather file of Coimbra. The two most common systems, a diesel boiler and a natural gas boiler, were simulated in order to compare their performance with not so common systems. Therefore, a system using a geothermal heat pump (GSHP – Ground Source Heat Pump) was simulated. After realizing the installation cost of the ground source heat exchanger is expensive and is subject to geographical constraints, an alternative system, working with a solar assisted heat pump was also simulated. The solar heat pump (BCS) system was designed based on the assumption that a thermal source with a minimum temperature of 14°C is provided at the entry of the heat pump. Although the initial investment cost is higher, the systems using the heat pump had better results than those using the boiler. The systems with solar assistance obtained the best results, in particular the BCS system which presented a higher coefficient of performance (COP) and a better price compared to that of the SAGSHP system.
Description
Keywords
Sistema de climatização Habitação unifamiliar Colectores solares Conforto térmico