| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 426 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar os efeitos de um programa de treino de força
durante 8 semanas sobre o rendimento em natação pura desportiva. Adicionalmente,
pretendemos verificar os efeitos de um período subsequente de destreino com a duração de 4
semanas. Para isso, foram avaliados 8 nadadores de nível nacional, experientes (5.88 ± 1.81
anos de treino em natação), com 16.00 ± 0.53 anos de idade e com nível competitivo nacional
(545 ± 70 pontos FINA na sua melhor prova). Estes nadadores, pertencentes a uma equipa de
natação de referência nacional, realizaram um programa treino de força constituído por
lançamentos da bola medicinal (partindo do peito, acima da cabeça, para o solo), saltos
verticais, flexões de braços, e lat pulldown. Cada nadador foi avaliado individualmente e de
forma aleatória relativamente a variáveis de força (lançamento da bola medicinal, salto com
contramovimento: CMJ, carga máxima em 1 repetição no lat pulldown: 1RM), rendimento
(tempo aos 100m livres) e biomecânica (frequência gestual: FG; distancia por ciclo: DC; e
índice de nado: IN) antes do início do programa de treino, após as 8 semanas de treino, e
após as 4 semanas seguintes em que o treino da força não foi realizado. Verificamos uma
melhoria significativa nos 100m livres com a aplicação do treino da força (0.8%, CI95% 0.28,
1.33%; p = 0.02), muito devido à eficiência de nado conseguida nos segundos 50 m da prova
(3.71 ± 0.36 vs. 3.88 ± 0.43 m2 c-1 s
-1
, p = 0.05). A força muscular também demonstrou
melhorias significativas para todas as variáveis analisadas (p< 0.01, ES > 0.5). Após o
destreino, as diferenças não foram estatisticamente significativas, com exceção do CMJ e do
1RM lat pulldown, que demonstraram valores inferiores e superiores em relação ao póstreino, respetivamente. Podemos assim sugerir que o programa de treino da força aplicado,
recorrendo a um baixo volume, com cargas baixas, e velocidades de execução elevadas,
parece ser eficaz na melhoria da força muscular e consecutivamente na melhoria do
rendimento durante o nado, através da melhor eficiência conseguida na parte final da prova.
The present study aims to verify the effects of an 8-week dry-land training & conditioning (T&C) in the competitive swimming performance. Additionally, we also aim to verify the effects over a subsequent 4-week period of training rest. For that purpose, we have an 8- swimmer group for analysis, these are athletes with experience (5.88 ± 1.81 years of swimming training), with 16.00 ± 0.53 years old and with a national competition experience level (545 ± 70 points FINA (best result)). These swimmers, part of a swimming team of national reference, had a T&C constituted by medicinal balls launch (starting from the chest, going over the head, down to the ground), vertical jumps, push-ups, and lat pulldown. Each swimmer was evaluated individually and randomly concerning strength variables (medicinal ball launch, countermovement jump: CMJ, maximum load 1 repeat at lat pulldown: 1RM), performance (time at 100m crawl) and biomechanics (stroke frequency: SF, stroke length: SD; stroke index: SI) before the beginning of the T&C, after the 8-week training, and after the following 4-week period of training rest. It was verified that there was a significant improvement at the 100m crawl with the T&C (0.8%, CI95% 0.28, 1.33%; p = 0.02), a lot due to stroke efficiency upgrade on the second half of the course (3.71 ± 0.36 vs. 3.88 ± 0.43 m2 c-1 s -1 , p = 0.05). Muscular strength also showed significant improvements at all the tested variables (p< 0.01, ES > 0.5). After the training rest, the differences weren’t statistically significant, except for CMJ and 1RM lat pulldown, which presented, respectively, lower and higher values compared to post-training results. We may, thus, suggest that the applied T&C, with low volume and high velocity performance rates, appears to be effective in the improvement of muscular strength and, consecutively, in the improvement of the swimming performance, through better efficiency at the end of the race.
The present study aims to verify the effects of an 8-week dry-land training & conditioning (T&C) in the competitive swimming performance. Additionally, we also aim to verify the effects over a subsequent 4-week period of training rest. For that purpose, we have an 8- swimmer group for analysis, these are athletes with experience (5.88 ± 1.81 years of swimming training), with 16.00 ± 0.53 years old and with a national competition experience level (545 ± 70 points FINA (best result)). These swimmers, part of a swimming team of national reference, had a T&C constituted by medicinal balls launch (starting from the chest, going over the head, down to the ground), vertical jumps, push-ups, and lat pulldown. Each swimmer was evaluated individually and randomly concerning strength variables (medicinal ball launch, countermovement jump: CMJ, maximum load 1 repeat at lat pulldown: 1RM), performance (time at 100m crawl) and biomechanics (stroke frequency: SF, stroke length: SD; stroke index: SI) before the beginning of the T&C, after the 8-week training, and after the following 4-week period of training rest. It was verified that there was a significant improvement at the 100m crawl with the T&C (0.8%, CI95% 0.28, 1.33%; p = 0.02), a lot due to stroke efficiency upgrade on the second half of the course (3.71 ± 0.36 vs. 3.88 ± 0.43 m2 c-1 s -1 , p = 0.05). Muscular strength also showed significant improvements at all the tested variables (p< 0.01, ES > 0.5). After the training rest, the differences weren’t statistically significant, except for CMJ and 1RM lat pulldown, which presented, respectively, lower and higher values compared to post-training results. We may, thus, suggest that the applied T&C, with low volume and high velocity performance rates, appears to be effective in the improvement of muscular strength and, consecutively, in the improvement of the swimming performance, through better efficiency at the end of the race.
Description
Keywords
Biomecânica Competição Eficiência Força Muscular Natação