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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho insere-se no projecto de um dispositivo de aproveitamento energético
integrado em válvulas redutoras de pressão que está a ser desenvolvido pela empresa
Valcon. Tendo em conta a fase inicial em que o projecto se encontra, o principal objectivo
deste trabalho consiste em fazer uma abordagem global do ponto de vista eléctrico.
Numa primeira fase, é realizado um ensaio experimental para a pressão de 1bar, a fim
de determinar a potência mecânica disponível no eixo da turbina do dispositivo. Recorrendo
à análise dimensional e com base nos resultados obtidos no ensaio, determina-se
a característica correspondente à pressão de 3bar. Note-se que as pressões descritas são
reduções de pressão típicas em condutas de redes de distribuição.
Um dos objectivos deste trabalho, consiste em analisar detalhadamente a utilização do
gerador síncrono no dispositivo desenvolvido em três situações distintas: operação do
gerador isoladamente, em paralelo com uma rede infinitamente forte, e em paralelo com
outro gerador semelhante. Para esta família de geradores, é ainda analisado o principio
de funcionamento dos mecanismos de governo utilizados para regular os parâmetros do
sistema, ou seja, velocidade e tensão.
Um dos pontos de interesse do projecto consiste na análise do sistema desenvolvido
pela Valcon para fazer a regulação da velocidade de rotação do conjunto. Este sistema,
é economicamente mais viável quando comparado com os mecanismos de regulação de
velocidade existentes que são mais complexos, no entanto apresenta algumas diferenças
que podem ser favoráveis ou desfavoráveis, em função do sistema em que o dispositivo de
conversão de energia é integrado. Para fazer esta análise é necessário considerar o modo
como o regulador de velocidade actua sobre a turbina.
This work is included in a project of an integrated energy recovery device in pressure reducing valves that is being developed by Valcon. According to the initial phase of the project the main objective of this work is to make an overall view of the electrical system. At first place it was done an experiment to determine the mechanical power available at the turbine shaft of the device with 1bar of pressure. Using the dimensional analysis and based on results obtained in testing, it is determined the corresponding characteristic at 3bar. Note that the pressures described above are typical pressure reductions in pipelines for distribution networks. One objective of this work consists in examining minutely the use of synchronous generator in the device developed in three different situations: the generator operating alone, the generator operating in parallel with a network infinitely bus, and the generator operating in parallel with another similar device. To this family of generators, it is still considered the principle of operation of the government mechanisms used to adjust the parameters of the system, this is speed and voltage regulation. One of the important points of the project is the analysis of the system developed by Valcon to make the regulation of rotation speed of the set. This system is economically viable when compared with the tipical speed regulator that is more complex. However the set presents some differences that may be favorable or unfavorable, depending on the extent where the energy conversion device is integrated. To do this analysis is necessary to consider how the speed regulator acts on the turbine.
This work is included in a project of an integrated energy recovery device in pressure reducing valves that is being developed by Valcon. According to the initial phase of the project the main objective of this work is to make an overall view of the electrical system. At first place it was done an experiment to determine the mechanical power available at the turbine shaft of the device with 1bar of pressure. Using the dimensional analysis and based on results obtained in testing, it is determined the corresponding characteristic at 3bar. Note that the pressures described above are typical pressure reductions in pipelines for distribution networks. One objective of this work consists in examining minutely the use of synchronous generator in the device developed in three different situations: the generator operating alone, the generator operating in parallel with a network infinitely bus, and the generator operating in parallel with another similar device. To this family of generators, it is still considered the principle of operation of the government mechanisms used to adjust the parameters of the system, this is speed and voltage regulation. One of the important points of the project is the analysis of the system developed by Valcon to make the regulation of rotation speed of the set. This system is economically viable when compared with the tipical speed regulator that is more complex. However the set presents some differences that may be favorable or unfavorable, depending on the extent where the energy conversion device is integrated. To do this analysis is necessary to consider how the speed regulator acts on the turbine.
Description
Keywords
Válvulas hidráulicas Válvulas hidráulicas de controlo Gerador síncrono Regulador de velocidade Válvula redutora de pressão