| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 326.32 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O microquimerismo é caracterizado pela presença de células de um indivíduo
num outro geneticamente diferente. Na mulher, a gravidez é a principal causa de
microquimerismo natural pelo fluxo bidirecional existente entre mãe e feto. O papel
biológico deste fenómeno é intrigante e desafiador, particularmente no impacto que tem na
saúde da mulher, uma vez que poderá estar associado à reparação tecidual, assim como na
génese e proteção para determinadas patologias.
Objetivos: Pretendeu-se efetuar uma revisão da evidência científica atual no que diz
respeito às implicações que o microquimerismo fetal pode ter na saúde da mulher,
nomeadamente quanto à reparação tecidual, às doenças auto-imunes e cancro.
Metodologia: Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e revisão de literatura científica
recorrendo principalmente às plataformas PubMed, Cochrane e UpToDate.
Resultados: O microquimerismo fetal melhora a reparação tecidual, pelo que a mulher
beneficia com a transferência desse material genético. No entanto, no que toca às doenças
auto-imunes e ao cancro, os seus efeitos não foram convergentes. Relativamente às doenças
auto-imunes, durante a gravidez, verificou-se que o microquimerismo fetal parece melhorar
a sintomatologia e promove o seu agravamento no período pós-parto, assim como a sua
exacerbação. Também o microquimerismo fetal tem sido associado ao aparecimento de
novas patologias auto-imunes. No que diz respeito ao cancro da mama, o efeito protetor é
evidente, contrariamente ao cancro do colo do útero.
Conclusão: a evidência científica atual sugere que o microquimerismo fetal afeta a saúde
da mulher, no entanto, ainda estão por esclarecer muitas das suas implicações, pelo que é
necessária mais investigação na área.
Introduction: Microchimerism is characterized by the presence of cells from one individual in another genetically different one. In women, pregnancy is the main cause of natural microchimerism due to the bidirectional flow between mother and fetus. The biological role of this phenomenon is intriguing and challenging, especially with impact on women's health, as it may be associated with tissue repair and in the pathogenesis of certain pathologies. Goals: This monograph, it is intended to review current scientific evidence about the impact of fetal microchimerism on women's health, including tissue repair, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Methodology: For this dissertation, a bibliographic research and literature review was carried out, mainly using PubMed, Cochrane and UpToDate platforms. Results: Fetal microchimerism improves tissue repair, so women benefit from the transfer of this genetic material. However, the effects at autoimmune diseases and cancer are not consensual. In fact, regarding autoimmune diseases, during pregnancy it was found that fetal microchimerism seems to improve symptoms, and promote their worsening in the postpartum period, as well as their exacerbation. Fetal microchimerism has also been associated with the emergence of new pathologies. The protective effect on breast cancer is evident, unlike cervical cancer. Conclusion: Scientific evidence suggests that fetal microchimerism affects women’s health, however, many of its implications remain to be clarified, so more research is needed in this area.
Introduction: Microchimerism is characterized by the presence of cells from one individual in another genetically different one. In women, pregnancy is the main cause of natural microchimerism due to the bidirectional flow between mother and fetus. The biological role of this phenomenon is intriguing and challenging, especially with impact on women's health, as it may be associated with tissue repair and in the pathogenesis of certain pathologies. Goals: This monograph, it is intended to review current scientific evidence about the impact of fetal microchimerism on women's health, including tissue repair, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Methodology: For this dissertation, a bibliographic research and literature review was carried out, mainly using PubMed, Cochrane and UpToDate platforms. Results: Fetal microchimerism improves tissue repair, so women benefit from the transfer of this genetic material. However, the effects at autoimmune diseases and cancer are not consensual. In fact, regarding autoimmune diseases, during pregnancy it was found that fetal microchimerism seems to improve symptoms, and promote their worsening in the postpartum period, as well as their exacerbation. Fetal microchimerism has also been associated with the emergence of new pathologies. The protective effect on breast cancer is evident, unlike cervical cancer. Conclusion: Scientific evidence suggests that fetal microchimerism affects women’s health, however, many of its implications remain to be clarified, so more research is needed in this area.
Description
Keywords
Cancro Doenças Auto-Imunes Gravidez Microquimerismo Fetal Tolerância Imunológica