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Abstract(s)
Os disruptores endócrinos têm a capacidade de interferir na biossíntese, metabolismo e
ação de determinadas hormonas, resultando num desvio da homeostase hormonal, com
consequências nefastas para a saúde humana.
De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), disruptores endócrinos (EDC´s)
podem ser encontrados em várias substâncias: metais, pesticidas, conservantes e
aditivos da comida bem como em produtos de higiene pessoal. Os bisfenóis são usados
na produção de polímeros e resinas que são depois aplicados no fabrico de matérias
plásticas. Assim, são utilizados em materiais tais como: talheres e garrafas de plástico
reutilizáveis, equipamentos desportivos, CDs, DVDs, latas de conserva, biberões, entre
outros.
Há evidências crescentes do papel dos EDC´s no aparecimento de doenças,
principalmente quando a exposição ocorre durante períodos críticos do
desenvolvimento, como no início da vida, durante a gravidez e no período pós-natal.
Os bisfenóis são capazes de ultrapassar a placenta humana e ser transmitidos da mãe
para o feto, bem como através do leite materno para o lactente. As grávidas e crianças
são, portanto, as populações mais vulneráveis à exposição destes disruptores.
As consequências da exposição destes grupos aos bisfenóis estão sob intensa
investigação.
Estudos recentes indicam a sua associação a atrasos e malformações no desenvolvimento
fetal, bem como o aparecimento de patologias anos mais tarde como cancro, distúrbios
metabólicos e até poderão estar ligados a alterações cognitivas.
Assim, é de extrema urgência que este problema seja conhecido pela sociedade de forma
a poderem ser instituídas medidas preventivas, no sentido de minimizar esta exposição
nestes períodos de maior suscetibilidade.
Endocrine disruptors have the ability to interfere with hormone biosynthesis, metabolism and action, resulting in a shift in hormonal homeostasis, with harmful consequences for human health. According to the WHO (World Health Organization), endocrine disruptors (EDC´s) can be found in various substances: metals, pesticides, food additives as well as in personal care products. Bisphenols are used in the production of polymers and resins which are then applied in the manufacture of plastic materials. Thus, they are used in materials such as: cutlery and reusable plastic bottles, sports equipment, CDs, DVDs, tin cans, baby bottles, among others. There is increasing evidence of the role of EDC´s in the appearance of diseases, particularly when exposure occurs during critical developmental periods such as early life, during pregnancy and in the postnatal period. Bisphenols are able to cross the human placenta and be transmitted from the mother to the fetus, as well as through breast milk to the infant. Pregnant women and children are therefore the most vulnerable populations when exposed to these disruptors. The consequences of exposure of these groups to bisphenols are under intense investigation. Recent studies indicate its association with delays and malformations in fetal development as well as with the appearance of pathologies years later, such as cancer, metabolic disorders and may even be linked to cognitive alterations. Thus, it is extremely urgent that this problem is acknowledged by society so that preventive measures can be instituted, as a way of minimizing this exposure in these most susceptible periods.
Endocrine disruptors have the ability to interfere with hormone biosynthesis, metabolism and action, resulting in a shift in hormonal homeostasis, with harmful consequences for human health. According to the WHO (World Health Organization), endocrine disruptors (EDC´s) can be found in various substances: metals, pesticides, food additives as well as in personal care products. Bisphenols are used in the production of polymers and resins which are then applied in the manufacture of plastic materials. Thus, they are used in materials such as: cutlery and reusable plastic bottles, sports equipment, CDs, DVDs, tin cans, baby bottles, among others. There is increasing evidence of the role of EDC´s in the appearance of diseases, particularly when exposure occurs during critical developmental periods such as early life, during pregnancy and in the postnatal period. Bisphenols are able to cross the human placenta and be transmitted from the mother to the fetus, as well as through breast milk to the infant. Pregnant women and children are therefore the most vulnerable populations when exposed to these disruptors. The consequences of exposure of these groups to bisphenols are under intense investigation. Recent studies indicate its association with delays and malformations in fetal development as well as with the appearance of pathologies years later, such as cancer, metabolic disorders and may even be linked to cognitive alterations. Thus, it is extremely urgent that this problem is acknowledged by society so that preventive measures can be instituted, as a way of minimizing this exposure in these most susceptible periods.
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Keywords
Bpa Disruptores Endócrinos Gravidez Outcomes Fetais Saúde Preventiva