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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A diabetes mellitus é um importante problema de saúde pública que afeta
cerca de 8.5% da população adulta mundial, sendo considerada uma das principais
causas de morte e cegueira a nível mundial. A nível ocular, a córnea é uma das estruturas
que sofre complicações sistémicas específicas em diferentes componentes, bem como
alterações na topografia devido à diabetes mellitus.
Objetivos: caracterizar a topografia corneana dos pacientes diabéticos tendo em conta
os índices topográficos da córnea e verificar a existência de características específicas na
topografia corneana de pacientes diabéticos, identificadas por estudos prévios como o
queratocone.
Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo e caso-controlo em que a amostra de estudo é portadora
de diabetes tipo 2 e constituída por 810 pacientes (67,8±10,1 anos) e a amostra controlo
por 59 (70,3±9,5 anos). Ambos os grupos realizaram as medições da topografia corneana
com o OPD Scan III e analisaram a integridade da córnea com lâmpada de fenda. Foram
comparados os índices entre as populações pelo teste t e estudou-se a prevalência de KC
e SKC entre o grupo de estudo e controlo, tendo em conta o diagnóstico automático dado
pelo “Corneal Navigator” e pela função discriminante KPI.
Resultados: Observou-se que apenas 37,3% do grupo de controlo apresentavam índices
alterados, assim como 40,4% dos pacientes diabéticos. Apenas os índices CVP, SDP, AA,
CEI, SRI, SRC, SAI e EDD apresentavam diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre
as duas populações (p= 0,05). Relativamente à prevalência de queratocone entre
pacientes diabéticos e não diabéticos, verificou-se uma diferença não significativa entre
as duas populações (p=0.9). O mesmo aconteceu ao comparar as proporções de pacientes
com SKC de cada uma das populações (p=0,9).
Conclusão: Apenas os índices CVP, SDP, AA, CEI, SRI, SRC, SAI e EDD apresentaram
diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as duas populações. Também concluímos
que não existe associação entre a diabetes mellitus e o queratocone, no entanto, estudos
mais completos devem ser feitos relativamente a esta temática.
Introduction: Diabete mellitus is an important public health problem that affects about 8,5% of the adult population worldwide, being considered one of the main causes of death and blindness worldwide. At the eye level, the cornea is one of the structures that suffers specific systemic complications in different components, as well as changes in the topography due to diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To verify the existence of specific characteristics in the corneal topography of diabetic patients, identified by previous studies and to characterize the corneal topography of diabetic patients. Methods: Retrospective and case-control study in which a study sample has type 2 diabetes and consists of 810 patients (67,8±10,1 years) and a control sample consisting of 59 patients (70,3±9,5 years). Both groups measured corneal topography with OPD Scan III and slit lamp. The indexes between the functions of the test were compared and the prevalence of keratoconus and keratoconus suspect between the data study group and the control was studied, having the automatic diagnosis by the “Corneal Navigator” and by the discriminant KPI. Results: It was observed that only 37,3% of the control group had altered indices, as did 40,4% of diabetic patients. Only the CVP, SDP, AA, CEI, SRI, SRC, SAI and EDD indexes showed statistically significant differences between the two populations (p=0,05). Among the prevalence of KC between diabetic and non-diabetic patients, there was a non-significant difference between the two populations (p=0,9). The same happened when comparing the proportions of patients with keratoconus suspect from each of the populations (p=0,9). Conclusions: Only the CVP, SDP, AA, CEI, SRI, SRC, SAI and EDD indexes showed statistically significant differences between the two populations. We also concluded that there is no association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus, however, more complete studies should be carried out on this topic.
Introduction: Diabete mellitus is an important public health problem that affects about 8,5% of the adult population worldwide, being considered one of the main causes of death and blindness worldwide. At the eye level, the cornea is one of the structures that suffers specific systemic complications in different components, as well as changes in the topography due to diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To verify the existence of specific characteristics in the corneal topography of diabetic patients, identified by previous studies and to characterize the corneal topography of diabetic patients. Methods: Retrospective and case-control study in which a study sample has type 2 diabetes and consists of 810 patients (67,8±10,1 years) and a control sample consisting of 59 patients (70,3±9,5 years). Both groups measured corneal topography with OPD Scan III and slit lamp. The indexes between the functions of the test were compared and the prevalence of keratoconus and keratoconus suspect between the data study group and the control was studied, having the automatic diagnosis by the “Corneal Navigator” and by the discriminant KPI. Results: It was observed that only 37,3% of the control group had altered indices, as did 40,4% of diabetic patients. Only the CVP, SDP, AA, CEI, SRI, SRC, SAI and EDD indexes showed statistically significant differences between the two populations (p=0,05). Among the prevalence of KC between diabetic and non-diabetic patients, there was a non-significant difference between the two populations (p=0,9). The same happened when comparing the proportions of patients with keratoconus suspect from each of the populations (p=0,9). Conclusions: Only the CVP, SDP, AA, CEI, SRI, SRC, SAI and EDD indexes showed statistically significant differences between the two populations. We also concluded that there is no association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus, however, more complete studies should be carried out on this topic.
Description
Keywords
Cornea Corneal Ectasia Corneal Topography Keratoconus Type 2 Dm