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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em dois capítulos, em que o primeiro é
referente à vertente de investigação e o segundo é relativo ao estágio realizado em
farmácia comunitária.
O Citomegalovírus (CMV) é a principal causa de infeção congénita em todo o mundo,
apresentando uma prevalência que varia entre 0,21% e 1,05% nos recém-nascidos em
Portugal. O risco de sequelas é maior nos bebés sintomáticos à nascença que poderão
desenvolver consequências permanentes como perda auditiva neurossensorial e atraso
no desenvolvimento neurológico. A transmissão do vírus ocorre através do contacto
com fluidos corporais contaminados, sendo que o contacto com a urina, saliva e
secreções nasais de crianças infetadas é uma fonte de contágio fundamental. Assim, na
ausência de uma vacina licenciada, a prevenção realiza-se por meio de medidas de
higiene recomendadas, que para serem executadas com êxito é necessário ter
conhecimento acerca da infeção pelo CMV. O estudo de investigação representado no
capítulo 1 tem como objetivo principal avaliar o grau de conhecimento da infeção
congénita pelo CMV numa população universitária e secundário avaliar a opinião sobre
a utilidade e facilidade de execução das medidas de higiene recomendadas. Para esse
fim, foi aplicado um inquérito cuja divulgação ocorreu via e-mail para todos os
estudantes da Universidade da Beira Interior. A amostra em estudo é composta por
280 alunos , em que 53,6% admite não ter ouvido falar sobre o CMV. Nos alunos que
possuíam conhecimento acerca do vírus, a faculdade e a internet representam os meios
de conhecimento mais manifestados. Conforme os resultados esperados no início deste
estudo, o conhecimento geral dos alunos mostrou ser baixo sobre a infeção congénita
provocada pelo CMV. Conclui-se ainda que a lecionação de virologia nos cursos da área
da saúde é fundamental para a consciencialização da infeção congénita pelo CMV e que
no geral, a maioria dos inquiridos consideram as medidas preventivas recomendadas
pelo CDC úteis e de fácil execução.
O capítulo 2 refere-se ao estágio curricular realizado na Farmácia Santo António, sob
orientação da Dra. Maria João Trabulo, que decorreu entre 6 de fevereiro e 23 de junho
de 2023. Neste capítulo são abordados conhecimentos práticos que tive oportunidade
de adquirir ao longo do estágio, assim como experiências vivenciadas no quotidiano de
uma farmácia comunitária.
This work is divided into two chapters, in which the first refers to the research aspect and the second relates to the internship carried out in a community pharmacy. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the main cause of congenital infection worldwide, with a prevalence that varies between 0.21% and 1.05% in newborns in Portugal. The risk of sequelae is greater in babies who are symptomatic at birth, who may develop permanent consequences such as sensorineural hearing loss and delayed neurological development. Transmission of the virus occurs through contact with contaminated body fluids, with contact with the urine, saliva and nasal secretions of infected children being a fundamental source of contagion. Therefore, in the absence of a licensed vaccine, prevention is carried out through recommended hygiene measures, which, to be carried out successfully, require knowledge about CMV infection. The main objective of the research study represented in chapter 1 is to evaluate the level of knowledge about congenital CMV infection in a university population and secondary to evaluate the opinion on the usefulness and ease of carrying out the recommended hygiene measures. To this end, a survey was carried out and was disseminated via email to all students at the University of Beira Interior. The sample under study is made up of 280 students, of which 53.6% admit not having heard about CMV. For students who had knowledge about the virus, college and the internet represent the most manifested means of knowledge. According to the expected results at the beginning of this study, students' general knowledge about congenital infection caused by CMV was low. It is also concluded that the teaching of virology in health courses is essential for raising awareness of congenital CMV infection and that, in general, the majority of respondents consider the preventive measures recommended by the CDC to be useful and easy to implement. Chapter 2 refers to the curricular internship carried out at Farmácia Santo António, under the guidance of Dr. Maria João Trabulo, which took place between February 6th and June 23rd, 2023. This chapter covers practical knowledge that I had the opportunity to acquire throughout of the internship, as well as experiences in the daily life of a community pharmacy.
This work is divided into two chapters, in which the first refers to the research aspect and the second relates to the internship carried out in a community pharmacy. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the main cause of congenital infection worldwide, with a prevalence that varies between 0.21% and 1.05% in newborns in Portugal. The risk of sequelae is greater in babies who are symptomatic at birth, who may develop permanent consequences such as sensorineural hearing loss and delayed neurological development. Transmission of the virus occurs through contact with contaminated body fluids, with contact with the urine, saliva and nasal secretions of infected children being a fundamental source of contagion. Therefore, in the absence of a licensed vaccine, prevention is carried out through recommended hygiene measures, which, to be carried out successfully, require knowledge about CMV infection. The main objective of the research study represented in chapter 1 is to evaluate the level of knowledge about congenital CMV infection in a university population and secondary to evaluate the opinion on the usefulness and ease of carrying out the recommended hygiene measures. To this end, a survey was carried out and was disseminated via email to all students at the University of Beira Interior. The sample under study is made up of 280 students, of which 53.6% admit not having heard about CMV. For students who had knowledge about the virus, college and the internet represent the most manifested means of knowledge. According to the expected results at the beginning of this study, students' general knowledge about congenital infection caused by CMV was low. It is also concluded that the teaching of virology in health courses is essential for raising awareness of congenital CMV infection and that, in general, the majority of respondents consider the preventive measures recommended by the CDC to be useful and easy to implement. Chapter 2 refers to the curricular internship carried out at Farmácia Santo António, under the guidance of Dr. Maria João Trabulo, which took place between February 6th and June 23rd, 2023. This chapter covers practical knowledge that I had the opportunity to acquire throughout of the internship, as well as experiences in the daily life of a community pharmacy.
Description
Keywords
Citomegalovírus Conhecimento Farmácia Comunitária Grávidas Infeção Congénita Prevenção