| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 985.45 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
De acordo com a organização mundial de saúde (OMS), em 2018, o cancro foi a segunda principal
causa de morte no mundo, destacando-se o cancro da mama, o mais comum entre o sexo
feminino, nomeadamente em Portugal. Apesar de o autoexame da mama (AEM) ser considerado
uma estratégia preventiva secundária, não existem estudos que confirmem a eficácia do
mesmo. Esta investigação tem os seguintes objetivos: (i) descrever fatores sociodemográficos
e relacioná-los com a perceção (conhecimento, atitude e prática) do AEM; (ii) descrever os
fatores de risco do cancro da mama e relacioná-los com a realização do AEM e (iii) avaliar o
conhecimento, atitudes e frequência em relação ao AEM e relacioná-los com a qualidade da
prática do mesmo. Os dados foram recolhidos através de questionário original, aplicado entre
janeiro e outubro de 2019. A amostra, de conveniência, de carácter semi-aleatório, é
constituída por 100 mulheres (35-60 anos), utentes do Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da
Beira (CHUCB). A idade média das mulheres inquiridas foi de 47,51 ± 9,22 anos e 76,8% possuem
companheiro. A análise estatística foi de natureza descritiva e comparativa (Teste quiquadrado). Das variáveis consideradas destacam-se a atividade física (p=0,031), pois influência
positivamente e de forma significativa a qualidade do AEM; o conhecimento genético (p=0,000);
a atitude das mulheres (p=0,007) face ao AEM e a sua frequência (p=0,035), pois nas mulheres
com atitude positiva e que realizam o AEM mensalmente, a qualidade do exame do AEM é
superior. As evidências emergentes deste estudo reforçam a hipótese de que a ineficácia do
AEM na redução da mortalidade possa estar associada à “baixa” qualidade na execução do
mesmo. Para além disso, foi observado que muitas mulheres inquiridas não possuem uma boa
perceção do AEM, pois apesar do conhecimento (awareness) ser comum entre as mulheres, a
atitude e a prática ficaram aquém do desejável.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2018, cancer was the second leading cause of death in the world, especially breast cancer, the most common cancer among women, namely in Portugal. Although breast self-examination (BSE) is considered a secondary preventive strategy, there are no studies that confirm its effectiveness. This investigation has the following objectives: (i) to describe sociodemographic factors and to relate them with perception (knowledge, attitude and practice) of the BSE; (ii) describe risk factors for breast cancer and relate them to the performance of the BSE and (iii) evaluate the knowledge of, the attitudes towards as well as the frequency towards BSE and associate these variables to the quality of BSE practice. Data was collected through an original questionnaire, applied between January and October 2019. The sample, of convenience and of semi-random characteristics, consists of 100 women (35-60 years old), all users of the Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira (CHUCB). The average age of the women surveyed was 47.51 ± 9.22 years, with 70% of them being married. The statistical analysis was of descriptive and comparative nature (Chisquare test). Among the variables considered, physical activity stands out (p = 0.031), as it positively and significantly influences the quality of the BSE practice; the genetic knowledge (p=0,000); the attitude of women (p = 0.07) towards BSE in articulation with the BSE frequency (p = 0.027) also stands out, because in women with a positive attitude and when they do the BSE on a monthly basis, the quality of the BSE is higher. The emerging suggestions from this study reinforce the hypothesis that the inefficiency of the BSE in reducing mortality may be associated with the "low" quality in its execution. In addition, it was observed that many surveyed women do not have a good perception of the BSE, because although knowledge (awareness) are common among them, the attitude and practice fell short of what is desirable.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2018, cancer was the second leading cause of death in the world, especially breast cancer, the most common cancer among women, namely in Portugal. Although breast self-examination (BSE) is considered a secondary preventive strategy, there are no studies that confirm its effectiveness. This investigation has the following objectives: (i) to describe sociodemographic factors and to relate them with perception (knowledge, attitude and practice) of the BSE; (ii) describe risk factors for breast cancer and relate them to the performance of the BSE and (iii) evaluate the knowledge of, the attitudes towards as well as the frequency towards BSE and associate these variables to the quality of BSE practice. Data was collected through an original questionnaire, applied between January and October 2019. The sample, of convenience and of semi-random characteristics, consists of 100 women (35-60 years old), all users of the Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira (CHUCB). The average age of the women surveyed was 47.51 ± 9.22 years, with 70% of them being married. The statistical analysis was of descriptive and comparative nature (Chisquare test). Among the variables considered, physical activity stands out (p = 0.031), as it positively and significantly influences the quality of the BSE practice; the genetic knowledge (p=0,000); the attitude of women (p = 0.07) towards BSE in articulation with the BSE frequency (p = 0.027) also stands out, because in women with a positive attitude and when they do the BSE on a monthly basis, the quality of the BSE is higher. The emerging suggestions from this study reinforce the hypothesis that the inefficiency of the BSE in reducing mortality may be associated with the "low" quality in its execution. In addition, it was observed that many surveyed women do not have a good perception of the BSE, because although knowledge (awareness) are common among them, the attitude and practice fell short of what is desirable.
Description
Keywords
Autoexame da Mama Cancro da Mama Perceção Qualidade Questionário