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Abstract(s)
esperança média de vida tem vindo a aumentar ao longo dos anos, sendo a mesma, atualmente, de 83 anos nas mulheres e 78 anos nos homens em Portugal. O número de centenários tem aumentado, sendo crucial o estudo desta classe etária de forma a percebermos os mecanismos por detrás da sua extrema longevidade.
Este estudo pretende descrever a alimentação de pessoas centenárias da Beira Interior e analisar a sua relação com a força muscular, com a cognição, com a velocidade de marcha e com o número de doenças.
Participaram no estudo 101 centenários (14 homens e 87 mulheres) residentes na Beira Interior.
Os participantes responderam ao protocolo de investigação contruído no âmbito do PT100 tendo, no âmbito deste estudo, sido analisados os dados relativos ao estilo de vida, incluindo questões sobre a alimentação, número de doenças, força muscular e cognição. Os dados foram recolhidos e tratados com o software estatístico SPSS 25, no qual foi considerado um limite de significância de 5%.
Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos centenários da Beira Interior realiza 3 refeições diárias incluindo os quatro grupos alimentares em estudo leite, leguminosas, fruta e carne/peixe. Constatou-se igualmente que a alimentação deste grupo de centenários não apresenta qualquer influência na força da mão dominante e não dominante, no número de doenças nem na velocidade da marcha.
Por outro lado, a associação encontrada nesta população entre a deficiência auditiva e o défice cognitivo é significativa (p=0,016). Além disso, existe uma relação significativa (p=0,008) entre a realização de prova de marcha e o défice cognitivo o que sugere que a marcha pode contribuir para a manutenção da cognição. O tabaco, apesar de se demonstrar significativamente relacionado com o défice de cognição (p=0,003), contrariamente ao que seria esperado, neste estudo não atua como fator negativo. Por último, podemos inferir que com o aumento do nº de doenças ocorrerá um maior défice cognitivo pois este apresenta um valor de p quase significativo (p=0,052).
Este trabalho é um contributo para se aprofundar o conhecimento sobre os centenários residentes na região da Beira Interior, verificando como a sua qualidade de vida é afetada pelo seu estilo de vida, o que fornece informações relevantes quer para novos estudos a nível nacional quer para a aplicação de medidas para a melhoria da qualidade de vida desta população.
Average life expectancy has been rising over the years, and currently, it is of 83 years for women and 78 years for men in Portugal. The number of centenarians has increased being crucial the study of this age group in order to perceive the mechanisms behind its extreme longevity. This study aims to describe the feeding of centenarians from Beira Interior and to analyze their relationship with muscle strength, cognition, walking speed and number of diseases. 101 centenarians (14 men and 87 women) living in Beira Interior participated in the study. Participants responded to the research protocol developed within the scope of the PT100 study. In this study, lifestyle data were analyzed, including questions on diet, number of diseases, muscle strength and cognition. Data were collected and treated with statistical software SPSS 25, considering a significance limit of 5%. Results indicated that most of the centenarians of Beira Interior performed 3 daily meals including the four food groups under study: milk, legumes, fruit and meat / fish. It was also found that the feeding of this group of centenarians did not have any influence on the strength of the dominant and non-dominant hand, the number of diseases or the speed of gait. On the other hand, the association found between hearing loss and cognitive deficit is significant (p = 0.016). In addition, there is a significant relationship (p = 0.008) between the gait test and the cognitive deficit, which contributes positively to the maintenance of cognition. Tobacco, despite being significantly related to the cognition deficit (p = 0.003), contrary to what would be expected, in this study does not act as a negative factor. Finally, it can be inferred that with the increase in the number of diseases, a higher cognitive deficit will occur because it presents a quasi-significant p value (p = 0.052). This work is a contribution to deepen the knowledge about centenarians living in the Beira Interior region, verifying how their quality of life is affected by their lifestyle, which provides relevant information both for new studies at national level and for the implementation of measures to improve the quality of life of this population.
Average life expectancy has been rising over the years, and currently, it is of 83 years for women and 78 years for men in Portugal. The number of centenarians has increased being crucial the study of this age group in order to perceive the mechanisms behind its extreme longevity. This study aims to describe the feeding of centenarians from Beira Interior and to analyze their relationship with muscle strength, cognition, walking speed and number of diseases. 101 centenarians (14 men and 87 women) living in Beira Interior participated in the study. Participants responded to the research protocol developed within the scope of the PT100 study. In this study, lifestyle data were analyzed, including questions on diet, number of diseases, muscle strength and cognition. Data were collected and treated with statistical software SPSS 25, considering a significance limit of 5%. Results indicated that most of the centenarians of Beira Interior performed 3 daily meals including the four food groups under study: milk, legumes, fruit and meat / fish. It was also found that the feeding of this group of centenarians did not have any influence on the strength of the dominant and non-dominant hand, the number of diseases or the speed of gait. On the other hand, the association found between hearing loss and cognitive deficit is significant (p = 0.016). In addition, there is a significant relationship (p = 0.008) between the gait test and the cognitive deficit, which contributes positively to the maintenance of cognition. Tobacco, despite being significantly related to the cognition deficit (p = 0.003), contrary to what would be expected, in this study does not act as a negative factor. Finally, it can be inferred that with the increase in the number of diseases, a higher cognitive deficit will occur because it presents a quasi-significant p value (p = 0.052). This work is a contribution to deepen the knowledge about centenarians living in the Beira Interior region, verifying how their quality of life is affected by their lifestyle, which provides relevant information both for new studies at national level and for the implementation of measures to improve the quality of life of this population.
Description
Keywords
Centenários Cognição Força Muscular Longevidade Nutrição