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Introdução: A honestidade académica é um requisito ético para qualquer clínico. Contudo, comportamentos académicos desonestos são praticados em todo o mundo, levando a uma preocupação crescente com a falta de competências neste domínio que se irá refletir no seu futuro profissional. No entanto, pouco se sabe ainda sobre este tema em Portugal, particularmente entre alunos de Medicina.
Objetivos: 1) Avaliar a conduta académica dos alunos de Medicina da FCS; 2) Analisar a perspetiva de alunos e docentes quanto à conduta académica dos alunos.
Métodos: Foram aplicados questionários, traduzidos e adaptados a partir de estudos anteriores, aos alunos do 1º ao 6º ano e a um grupo de docentes. Foi realizada análise estatística (análise da consistência interna de escalas, estatística descritiva, intervalos de confiança, teste t-Student, teste ANOVA e correlações com o teste de Pearson), tendo sido considerados significativos os valores de p <0,05.
Resultados: Na população alvo de 849 estudantes, 580 (68,3%) completaram o questionário. Num grupo selecionado de 36 docentes, 32 completaram o questionário. Verificou-se que os alunos afirmam praticar comportamentos académicos desonestos com pouca frequência, apresentando um valor médio de todos os comportamentos analisados inferior a 3 («algumas vezes»). As atitudes mais frequentes, no entanto, são «Pedir a um colega que assine por si», «Alterar o registo de presenças de uma aula», e «Copiar respostas por um colega durante um exame». Os alunos que praticam mais comportamentos desonestos são do sexo masculino, frequentam um ano curricular mais avançado, têm menor média de curso e estão envolvidos em atividades extracurriculares (p<0,05). As condutas que os alunos consideram como sendo mais graves são as que menos praticam, com uma correlação muito forte negativa de -0,96. As opiniões dos docentes e estudantes quanto à prática e perceção da gravidade de comportamentos desonestos apresentam uma correlação positiva forte (0,81 e 0,90 respetivamente), no entanto os professores consideram que os alunos praticam mais comportamentos desonestos do que os alunos revelam, e classificam-os como mais graves.
Conclusão: Verificou-se que o nível de prevalência de comportamentos desonestos que os estudantes de Medicina declaram praticar é muito baixo. Não obstante, é necessário consciencializar os alunos para as consequências da prática de atitudes desonestas no seu desempenho enquanto alunos mas, principalmente, na sua futura atividade profissional, devendo a faculdade adotar as medidas necessárias que facilitem essa tomada de consciência de forma a prevenir a prática de atitudes menos éticas pelos futuros médicos.
Introduction: Academic honesty is an ethical requirement for any Medical practitioner. However, dishonest academic behaviours are practiced around the world, increasing the concern about the lack of skills in this field that will be reflected in their professional future. Nevertheless, little is known on this subject in Portugal, particularly among Medical students. Objectives: 1) Evaluate the academic conduct of the FCS Medical students; 2) To analyse the perspective of students and teachers on the academic conduct of students. Methods: Translated and adapted questionnaires from previous studies were given to students from 1st to 6th grade, as well as, to a group of teachers. Statistical analysis was performed (analysis of internal consistency of scales, descriptive statistics, confidence intervals, t-test, ANOVA and correlations with Pearson's test) were considered significant if p <0,05. Results: Of the target population of 849 students, 580 (68,3%) completed the questionnaire. Of the selected group of 36 teachers, 32 completed the questionnaire. It was found that students claim to practice dishonest academic behaviour infrequently, with a mean value of all analysed behaviours of less than 3 ("sometimes"). However, the most common dishonest attitudes are "Asking a colleague to sign for themselves the class attendance record", "Change a class attendance record" and "Copy answers by a colleague during an exam". Students who participate in more dishonest behaviours are male, attending a more advanced academic year, have a lower final grade and are involved in extracurricular activities (p <0,05). The conducts that students consider to be more serious are the least likely to practice, with a very strong negative correlation of -0,96. The opinions of teachers and students about the practice and perception of the seriousness of dishonest behaviours have a strong positive correlation (0,81 and 0,90 respectively), but teachers believe that students practice more dishonest behaviour than they reveal and rank them as more severe. Conclusion: It was found that the level of prevalence of dishonest behaviour that Medical students declare to practice is very low. Nevertheless, it is necessary to raise awareness among students about the consequences of the practice of dishonest attitudes in their performance as students but, mainly, in their future professional activity and the college should take the necessary measures to facilitate this form of awareness to prevent the practice of less ethical attitudes by future doctors.
Introduction: Academic honesty is an ethical requirement for any Medical practitioner. However, dishonest academic behaviours are practiced around the world, increasing the concern about the lack of skills in this field that will be reflected in their professional future. Nevertheless, little is known on this subject in Portugal, particularly among Medical students. Objectives: 1) Evaluate the academic conduct of the FCS Medical students; 2) To analyse the perspective of students and teachers on the academic conduct of students. Methods: Translated and adapted questionnaires from previous studies were given to students from 1st to 6th grade, as well as, to a group of teachers. Statistical analysis was performed (analysis of internal consistency of scales, descriptive statistics, confidence intervals, t-test, ANOVA and correlations with Pearson's test) were considered significant if p <0,05. Results: Of the target population of 849 students, 580 (68,3%) completed the questionnaire. Of the selected group of 36 teachers, 32 completed the questionnaire. It was found that students claim to practice dishonest academic behaviour infrequently, with a mean value of all analysed behaviours of less than 3 ("sometimes"). However, the most common dishonest attitudes are "Asking a colleague to sign for themselves the class attendance record", "Change a class attendance record" and "Copy answers by a colleague during an exam". Students who participate in more dishonest behaviours are male, attending a more advanced academic year, have a lower final grade and are involved in extracurricular activities (p <0,05). The conducts that students consider to be more serious are the least likely to practice, with a very strong negative correlation of -0,96. The opinions of teachers and students about the practice and perception of the seriousness of dishonest behaviours have a strong positive correlation (0,81 and 0,90 respectively), but teachers believe that students practice more dishonest behaviour than they reveal and rank them as more severe. Conclusion: It was found that the level of prevalence of dishonest behaviour that Medical students declare to practice is very low. Nevertheless, it is necessary to raise awareness among students about the consequences of the practice of dishonest attitudes in their performance as students but, mainly, in their future professional activity and the college should take the necessary measures to facilitate this form of awareness to prevent the practice of less ethical attitudes by future doctors.
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Keywords
Conduta Académica Desonestidade Educação Médica Estudantes de Medicina Ubi