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Estudo de um Processo de Melhoria Contínua numa Empresa Transformadora do Ramo Mobiliário
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Resumo(s)
Atualmente, a maioria das empresas estão inseridas num mercado altamente
competitivo, forçando as empresas a serem detentoras de uma vantagem competitiva e
fazerem uso da mesma. Para adquirir esta vantagem competitiva, é necessário
compreender a empresa, tanto a nível interno e externo, especialmente no que toca ao
nível de maturidade relacionado com os programas de melhoria contínua.
O presente Relatório de Estágio, realizado durante o estágio curricular em uma empresa
de mobiliário de madeira, tem como objetivo o aumento da rentabilidade da empresa.
Para isso, foram aplicadas diversas ferramentas Lean, inicialmente a metodologia dos
“5 Porquês” para a deteção do problema e posteriormente, inseridas nas propostas de
melhorias, as ferramentas como 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke), Kanban
e Poke-Yoke.
Foi desenvolvido e implementado uma ferramenta de registo e monitorização de erros
de produção, inicialmente concebida em Microsoft Excel e posteriormente integrada
com Microsoft Forms. Esta solução permitiu sistematizar a recolha de dados, garantir
maior rigor e descentralizar a responsabilidade do relatório, envolvendo diretamente as
chefias intermédias.
A análise qualitativa realizada evidenciou padrões de ocorrência e possibilitou a
quantificação do impacto económico dos erros reportados na linha de produção,
constituindo uma base objetiva para a formulação de propostas de melhoria. Entre estas
destacam-se a normalização de procedimentos operacionais, o reforço da formação de
colaboradores, a introdução de mecanismos Poka-Yoke, a criação de sistemas de
feedback e a reorganização do fluxo produtivo.
Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a aplicação das ferramentas Lean, quando
devidamente adaptadas à realidade de uma pequena e média empresa (PME) do setor do
mobiliário, constitui uma via eficaz para consolidar a melhoria contínua e promover
ganhos de eficiência e competitividade.
Currently, most companies operate in a highly competitive market, forcing them to gain a competitive advantage and make use of it. To acquire this competitive advantage, it is necessary to understand the company, both internally and externally, especially when its competitive advantage is supported by internal maturity on continuous improvements programming. The current Internship Report, carried out at a wooden furniture company, aims to increase the enterprise’s profitability. To this end, several Lean tools were applied, initially the “5 Whys methodology to detect the problem and subsequently, tools such as 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke), Kanban and Poke-Yoke were included in the improvement proposals. A tool for recording and monitoring production errors was developed and implemented, initially designed in Microsoft Excel and later integrated with Microsoft Forms. This solution made it possible to systematise data collection, ensure greater accuracy and decentralise reporting responsibility, directly involving middle management. The qualitative analysis carried out revealed patterns of occurrence and enabled the quantification of the economic impact of reported errors from the shopfloor, providing an objective basis for the formulation of improvement proposals. Among these, the standardisation of operational procedures, the strengthening of employee training, the introduction of Poka-Yoke mechanisms, the creation of feedback systems and the reorganisation of the production flow stand out. The results obtained demonstrated that the application of Lean tools, when properly adapted to the reality of a small and medium enterprise (SME) in the furniture sector, is an effective way to consolidate continuous improvement and promote gains in efficiency and competitiveness.
Currently, most companies operate in a highly competitive market, forcing them to gain a competitive advantage and make use of it. To acquire this competitive advantage, it is necessary to understand the company, both internally and externally, especially when its competitive advantage is supported by internal maturity on continuous improvements programming. The current Internship Report, carried out at a wooden furniture company, aims to increase the enterprise’s profitability. To this end, several Lean tools were applied, initially the “5 Whys methodology to detect the problem and subsequently, tools such as 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke), Kanban and Poke-Yoke were included in the improvement proposals. A tool for recording and monitoring production errors was developed and implemented, initially designed in Microsoft Excel and later integrated with Microsoft Forms. This solution made it possible to systematise data collection, ensure greater accuracy and decentralise reporting responsibility, directly involving middle management. The qualitative analysis carried out revealed patterns of occurrence and enabled the quantification of the economic impact of reported errors from the shopfloor, providing an objective basis for the formulation of improvement proposals. Among these, the standardisation of operational procedures, the strengthening of employee training, the introduction of Poka-Yoke mechanisms, the creation of feedback systems and the reorganisation of the production flow stand out. The results obtained demonstrated that the application of Lean tools, when properly adapted to the reality of a small and medium enterprise (SME) in the furniture sector, is an effective way to consolidate continuous improvement and promote gains in efficiency and competitiveness.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Poka-Yoke Eficiência Filosofia de Lean Melhoria Contínua Metodologia Kaizen Mobiliário