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Abstract(s)
A relevância da prática de atividade física desde faixas etárias precoces tem sido evidenciada na literatura, sendo salientado o seu papel protetor/promotor da saúde física das crianças. Contudo, a investigação desta prática em crianças de idade pré-escolar encontra-se ainda pouco desenvolvida pelo que o presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a atividade física de crianças em idade pré-escolar e a sua relação com variáveis familiares e do contexto da criança, como é o caso da influência parental e das rotinas da criança. No que respeita à amostra, os participantes deste estudo são 104 pais de crianças em idade pré-escolar (M = 3.92; DP = .92). Os instrumentos utilizados incluíram o Questionário Sociodemográfico, o Questionário de Atividade Física da Criança- Pré-escolar (Pre-PAQ, versão portuguesa de Sancho et al., 2015) e o Questionário de Rotinas da Criança: Pré-escolar (Cunha, Major & Alves, 2016). Os resultados revelaram que, quanto à atividade física das crianças: 1) a educação física e a natação são as atividades físicas organizadas com uma taxa de participação mais elevada, 2) o parque infantil e o ar livre são os espaços de eleição para as crianças brincarem e serem fisicamente ativas, 3) as três atividades com frequências de realização mais elevadas no decurso dos três dias (“ontem”, sábado e domingo) pertencem aos níveis de atividade estacionária e lenta, 4) as crianças são mais ativas nos dias do fim de semana que no dia da semana (“ontem”), 5) aproximadamente 70% das crianças não são tão ativas quanto seria desejável, 6) não se evidenciaram diferenças no tempo de atividade física e na utilização de espaços em função do sexo. Relativamente aos pais, constatou-se que a atividade física mais praticada é a caminhada e por sua vez, a visualização de televisão é a atividade sedentária mais prevalente. No que confere ao estudo da relação entre a atividade física e as atividades sedentárias de pais e filhos, estas variáveis não demonstraram estar associadas. Por último, foram identificadas correlações positivas estatisticamente significativas entre as rotinas das crianças e a utilização de espaços designadamente, o total da escala e as subescalas vida diária, atividade/atenção positiva e educação social. O tempo de atividade física ao fim de semana mostrou estar relacionado de forma positiva com a subescala atividade/atenção positiva e as atividades sedentárias de forma negativa com a subescala educação social para o dia de “ontem”. São discutidas as implicações do estudo no âmbito da atividade física e sedentária das crianças em idade pré-escolar e das suas rotinas.
Mostly by its role in protecting and promoting the physical health of children, the relevance of physical activity practice since early ages has been pointed out in the literature. However, research about this practice by preschoolers has not yet been fully developed. The present study aims to study the physical activity of preschoolers and the connection between this activity and family variables and from the children’s context (parental influence and child’s routines). The sample used for this study was a group of 104 preschoolers’ parents (M = 3.92; DP = .92), whose questionnaires were answered by either mother, father or both parents. The instruments used were the following questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, The Preschool-age Physical Activity Questionnaire (Pre-PAQ, in the Portuguese version by Sancho et al., 2015) and the Child Routines Questionnaire: Preschool (Cunha, Major & Alves, 2016). In terms of children’s physical activity, the results revealed that: 1) physical education and swimming are the organized activities that have the highest participation rate; 2) the playground and the outdoors are their favorite spots to play and to be physically active (more uses per month), 3) the three activities with higher realization frequencies in a 3-day period (“yesterday”, Saturday and Sunday), are slow to stationary leveled, 4) children are more physically active on weekends than on week days (“yesterday”), 5) approximately 70% of the children are not as active as it would be desirable, 6) gender-specific differences in the time spent and in the use of spaces has not been noticed. The physical activity most parents engage in is walking and the sedentary activity most prevalent is watching TV. The correlation between children and parents’ physical and sedentary activities revealed no statistically relevant associatio. Finally, statistically relevant positive relationships between the child routines and their use of spaces have been identified, being the total scale and the subscales daily living, activities/positive attention, as well as social education. The weekend’s physical activity has been shown as a positive association to the subscale of activities/positive attention to it. On the opposite side, we have a negative association was found between sedentary activities and social education for “yesterday” day. We discuss the implications of this study in what relates to physical and sedentary activities of preschoolers and their routines.
Mostly by its role in protecting and promoting the physical health of children, the relevance of physical activity practice since early ages has been pointed out in the literature. However, research about this practice by preschoolers has not yet been fully developed. The present study aims to study the physical activity of preschoolers and the connection between this activity and family variables and from the children’s context (parental influence and child’s routines). The sample used for this study was a group of 104 preschoolers’ parents (M = 3.92; DP = .92), whose questionnaires were answered by either mother, father or both parents. The instruments used were the following questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, The Preschool-age Physical Activity Questionnaire (Pre-PAQ, in the Portuguese version by Sancho et al., 2015) and the Child Routines Questionnaire: Preschool (Cunha, Major & Alves, 2016). In terms of children’s physical activity, the results revealed that: 1) physical education and swimming are the organized activities that have the highest participation rate; 2) the playground and the outdoors are their favorite spots to play and to be physically active (more uses per month), 3) the three activities with higher realization frequencies in a 3-day period (“yesterday”, Saturday and Sunday), are slow to stationary leveled, 4) children are more physically active on weekends than on week days (“yesterday”), 5) approximately 70% of the children are not as active as it would be desirable, 6) gender-specific differences in the time spent and in the use of spaces has not been noticed. The physical activity most parents engage in is walking and the sedentary activity most prevalent is watching TV. The correlation between children and parents’ physical and sedentary activities revealed no statistically relevant associatio. Finally, statistically relevant positive relationships between the child routines and their use of spaces have been identified, being the total scale and the subscales daily living, activities/positive attention, as well as social education. The weekend’s physical activity has been shown as a positive association to the subscale of activities/positive attention to it. On the opposite side, we have a negative association was found between sedentary activities and social education for “yesterday” day. We discuss the implications of this study in what relates to physical and sedentary activities of preschoolers and their routines.
Description
Keywords
Atividade Física Comportamentos Sedentários Pais Pré-Escolar Rotinas da Criança