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Perceção de Coparentalidade e de Envolvimento Parental em mães e pais divorciados/separados
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Abstract(s)
A relação coparental é estabelecida quando duas pessoas partilham a responsabilidade pelos cuidados e bem-estar de uma criança. O envolvimento parental caracteriza-se pelas ações que cada progenitor tem em relação às crianças. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar as perceções de coparentalidade e de envolvimento parental de pais e mães que passaram por um divórcio/separação e que têm filhos entre os 3 e os 10 anos de idade. O estudo integra no total 294 participantes, que responderam à versão portuguesa do Coparenting Questionnaire (CQ), de forma a avaliar três dimensões da coparentalidade (cooperação, triangulação e conflito), e a itens específicos da Escala de Envolvimento Paterno, adaptada para analisar a perceção que mães e pais têm do seu próprio envolvimento na vida dos/as filhos/as. Foram conduzidos dois estudos. No Estudo 1 (n=254) foram analisadas e comparadas as perceções de coparentalidade e envolvimento parental entre um grupo (n=116) de pais e mães divorciados/separados e um grupo (n=138) de pais e mães casados/união de facto. Os resultados revelaram que mães/pais casados/união de facto percecionam o cônjuge como mais cooperante na relação coparental, enquanto mães/pais divorciados/separados percecionarem mais conflito por parte do ex-cônjuge. O Estudo 2 (n=40 ) analisou as diferenças e acordo interparental entre ex-cônjuges, tendo os resultados revelado a inexistência de diferenças significativas ao nível da perceção de conflito, cooperação, triangulação e envolvimento parental entre os pais e as mães. Verificou-se ainda que as perceções das mães e dos pais em relação à coparentalidade estavam positivamente associadas. No envolvimento parental não foram encontradas associações entre as perceções das mães e dos pais. Os resultados são discutidos no âmbito da dinâmica da relação coparental e do envolvimento parental após a dissolução conjugal, salientando implicações práticas para a intervenção com famílias que vivenciaram o divórcio/separação.
The coparenting relationship is established when two people share responsibility for the care and well-being of a child. Parental involvement is characterized by the actions that each parent takes in relation to the children. The aim of this study is to analyze the perceptions of coparenting and parental involvement of fathers and mothers who have gone through a divorce/separation and have children between the ages of 3 and 10. The study includes a total of 294 participants, who answered the Portuguese version of the Coparenting Questionnaire (CQ), in order to assess three dimensions of coparenting (cooperation, triangulation and conflict), and specific items from the Paternal Involvement Scale, adapted to analyze the perception that mothers and fathers have of their own involvement in their children's lives. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1 (n=254), perceptions of coparenting and parental involvement were analyzed and compared between a group (n=116) of divorced/separated fathers and mothers and a group (n=138) of married/cohabiting fathers and mothers. The results revealed that married/cohabiting mothers/fathers perceive their spouse as more cooperative in the coparenting relationship, while divorced/separated mothers/fathers perceive more conflict on the part of their exspouse. Study 2 (n=40 ) analyzed the differences and interparental agreement between exspouses, and the results showed that there were no significant differences in the perception of conflict, cooperation, triangulation and parental involvement between fathers and mothers. It was also found that mothers' and fathers' perceptions of coparenting were positively associated. No associations were found between mothers' and fathers' perceptions of parental involvement. The results are discussed in the context of the dynamics of the coparenting relationship and parental involvement after marital dissolution, highlighting practical implications for intervention with families who have experienced divorce/separation.
The coparenting relationship is established when two people share responsibility for the care and well-being of a child. Parental involvement is characterized by the actions that each parent takes in relation to the children. The aim of this study is to analyze the perceptions of coparenting and parental involvement of fathers and mothers who have gone through a divorce/separation and have children between the ages of 3 and 10. The study includes a total of 294 participants, who answered the Portuguese version of the Coparenting Questionnaire (CQ), in order to assess three dimensions of coparenting (cooperation, triangulation and conflict), and specific items from the Paternal Involvement Scale, adapted to analyze the perception that mothers and fathers have of their own involvement in their children's lives. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1 (n=254), perceptions of coparenting and parental involvement were analyzed and compared between a group (n=116) of divorced/separated fathers and mothers and a group (n=138) of married/cohabiting fathers and mothers. The results revealed that married/cohabiting mothers/fathers perceive their spouse as more cooperative in the coparenting relationship, while divorced/separated mothers/fathers perceive more conflict on the part of their exspouse. Study 2 (n=40 ) analyzed the differences and interparental agreement between exspouses, and the results showed that there were no significant differences in the perception of conflict, cooperation, triangulation and parental involvement between fathers and mothers. It was also found that mothers' and fathers' perceptions of coparenting were positively associated. No associations were found between mothers' and fathers' perceptions of parental involvement. The results are discussed in the context of the dynamics of the coparenting relationship and parental involvement after marital dissolution, highlighting practical implications for intervention with families who have experienced divorce/separation.
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Keywords
Coparentalidade Divórcio Envolvimento Parental