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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O Fenómeno do Impostor consiste num conjunto de sentimentos de dúvida
e medo associado à perceção de se ser menos competente ou inteligente que os pares. A
pessoa afetada considera que, de certa forma, é uma fraude e que, a qualquer momento,
pode ser descoberta. Este fenómeno é geralmente associado a meios competitivos, em que
as pessoas são bem-sucedidas académica ou profissionalmente. Posto isto, e dado que os
estudantes de medicina se enquadram neste grupo, pretendeu-se realizar uma revisão da
literatura sobre esta experiência em estudantes de medicina.
Objetivos: O objetivo principal desta dissertação é aprender sobre o Fenómeno do
Impostor em estudantes de medicina. Deste modo, pretende-se descrever em que consiste
esta experiência; pesquisar a sua prevalência, fatores associados e avaliação; identificar
possíveis consequências e estabelecer a sua relação com a saúde mental; especificar esta
experiência em estudantes de Medicina e explorar o papel do ensino médico na prevenção
e/ou superação do Fenómeno do Impostor.
Métodos: Pesquisa de artigos nos seguintes motores de pesquisa: PubMed e Web of
Science, incidindo nos artigos publicados entre o ano de 2010 e 2020. Foram utilizadas as
palavras-chave abaixo referidas, em língua inglesa.
Resultados: No total, foram utilizados trinta e seis artigos que expõem que o Fenómeno
do Impostor parece ter, de facto, um impacto nos médicos em formação. Quanto à
prevalência desta experiência, alguns estudos apontam que afeta igualmente homens e
mulheres, mas a maior parte dos estudos mostra que as minorias étnicas ou culturais são
particularmente afetadas. Os estudos reúnem consenso no impacto negativo na vida
profissional e na saúde mental, nomeadamente dos estudantes.
Conclusões: Pelo potencial negativo desta experiência, é relevante serem desenvolvidos
mais estudos sobre este tema, nomeadamente em Portugal. Assim, poder-se-á compreender
melhor as dinâmicas que o Fenómeno do Impostor tem no país e nos estudantes. Há várias
abordagens para a prevenção e recuperação deste fenómeno, nomeadamente grupos de
apoio e estratégias de intervenção associadas ao mindfulness. As escolas médicas assumem
também um papel importante na prevenção e na recuperação desta experiência.
Introduction: The Impostor Phenomenon is a set of feelings of doubt and fear associated to the self-perception of being less competent or intelligent than one’s peers. The affected person thinks they are a fraud, in some way, and at any time, they will be found out. This phenomenon is generally associated to competitive environments in which people are academically or professionally successful. Thus, and given that medical students fit in this category, it was intended to accomplish a literary review about this experience in medical students. Objectives: The main goal of this essay is to learn about the Impostor Phenomenon among medical students. Thus, it is intended to describe this experience; to search its prevalence, associated factors, and evaluation; to identify possible consequences and to establish its relation to mental health; specify this experience in medical students and explore the role of medical education in the prevention and/or overcoming of the Impostor Phenomenon. Methods: Research for articles using the following search engines: PubMed and Web of Science, addressing articles published between 2010 and 2020. It was used the set of Keywords stated below, in English. Results: Thirty-six articles were used, in total, that show that the Impostor Phenomenon seems to be influencing medical students, in fact. When it comes to the prevalence of this experience, some studies point out that it affects men and women equally, but most studies find that ethnic or cultural minorities are particularly affected. There is a consensus in its negative impact in the professional life and mental health, namely on students. Conclusions: Given the negative potential of this experience, it is relevant to develop more studies about this subject, especially in Portugal. Therefore, it would be possible to understand the phenomenon’s dynamics in the country and among students. There are some approaches for the prevention and recovery of the Impostor Phenomenon, namely help groups and the mindfulness practice. Medicals schools also have an important role in the prevention and recovery of this experience.
Introduction: The Impostor Phenomenon is a set of feelings of doubt and fear associated to the self-perception of being less competent or intelligent than one’s peers. The affected person thinks they are a fraud, in some way, and at any time, they will be found out. This phenomenon is generally associated to competitive environments in which people are academically or professionally successful. Thus, and given that medical students fit in this category, it was intended to accomplish a literary review about this experience in medical students. Objectives: The main goal of this essay is to learn about the Impostor Phenomenon among medical students. Thus, it is intended to describe this experience; to search its prevalence, associated factors, and evaluation; to identify possible consequences and to establish its relation to mental health; specify this experience in medical students and explore the role of medical education in the prevention and/or overcoming of the Impostor Phenomenon. Methods: Research for articles using the following search engines: PubMed and Web of Science, addressing articles published between 2010 and 2020. It was used the set of Keywords stated below, in English. Results: Thirty-six articles were used, in total, that show that the Impostor Phenomenon seems to be influencing medical students, in fact. When it comes to the prevalence of this experience, some studies point out that it affects men and women equally, but most studies find that ethnic or cultural minorities are particularly affected. There is a consensus in its negative impact in the professional life and mental health, namely on students. Conclusions: Given the negative potential of this experience, it is relevant to develop more studies about this subject, especially in Portugal. Therefore, it would be possible to understand the phenomenon’s dynamics in the country and among students. There are some approaches for the prevention and recovery of the Impostor Phenomenon, namely help groups and the mindfulness practice. Medicals schools also have an important role in the prevention and recovery of this experience.
Description
Keywords
Estudantes de Medicina Fenómeno do Impostor Síndrome do Impostor