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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em três capítulos distintos.
O primeiro capítulo refere-se ao trabalho desenvolvido experimentalmente, sob o título de: “Atividade anti-Alzheimer dos extratos aquosos de canela: estudos preliminares”. A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a demência neurodegenerativa mais comum, sendo que o tratamento de primeira linha preconizado para a DA (inibidores da acetilcolinesterase) é insuficiente numa efemeridade multifatorial como esta. Alargar a investigação a novos alvos terapêuticos e a novas abordagens (anti-inflamatórias, antioxidantes, anti-amilóides, pró-colinérgicas, etc…) prevê-se prioritário. Assente numa estratégia multipotente, surgem cada vez mais estudos que exploram todas as características fisiopatológicas presentes na DA.
No presente estudo procurou-se estudar a composição em compostos fenólicos totais, a atividade antioxidante e a atividade inibidora da AChE no extrato aquoso de canela, a partir da aplicação de metodologias utilizadas em investigações similares. Pelo método do DPPH ficou patente que este extrato possui atividade antioxidante muito marcada (IC50 = 14,84 ± 1,9 mg/L; AAI = 3,83 ± 1,0). Esta atividade é caraterizada como muito forte, segundo a adaptação metodológica adotada. Em relação à capacidade do extrato inibir a AChE, ficou provado que o extrato de canela inibia esta enzima (em comparação com a referência neostigmina). Várias adaptações metodológicas foram abordadas, no entanto, não se verificou um padrão regular de inibição para as concentrações testadas. Nestes termos, o método aplicado na determinação da atividade inibitória da AChE não foi validado. Todos estes resultados encontram-se em concordância com a elevada composição em compostos fenólicos do extrato, que foi analisada previamente (256,4 ± 3,7 mg ácido gálico/g matéria seca).
Atendendo às atividades observadas e à literatura existente que relaciona este extrato aquoso com a DA, a canela apresenta-se como um promissor agente de estudo na procura de novos agentes terapêuticos para a multifatorial DA. O extrato apresenta múltiplas valências, o que é uma das abordagens indicadas para o tratamento da DA.
O segundo capítulo intitulado de “Estágio Curricular em Farmácia Hospitalar” procura descrever todas as atividades desenvolvidas aquando da passagem pelas diferentes áreas de intervenção dos serviços farmacêuticos do Hospital Pêro da Covilhã do Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira.
“Estágio Curricular em Farmácia Comunitária” é o título referente ao terceiro e último capítulo do presente trabalho. Nele são retratadas todas as atividades desenvolvidas e todos os conhecimentos adquiridos, bem como o papel do farmacêutico e a sua importância no elo de ligação entre os cuidados de saúde (medicamento e outros produtos de saúde) e o utente.
The present work is divided into three distinct chapters. The first chapter refers to work developed experimentally, under the title: "anti-Alzheimer activity of aqueous extracts of cinnamon: preliminary studies." Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative dementia, and the recommended first-line treatment for AD (acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) is insufficient in a multifactorial ephemeral like this. To expand research into new therapeutic targets and new approaches (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloid, pro-cholinergic, etc.) is overriding. Based on a multipotent strategy, are increasingly emerging studies that explore all pathophysiological features present in AD In the present study we sought to study the composition of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and AChE inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract of cinnamon, from the application of the methodologies used in similar investigations. By the DPPH method it was clear that this extract has a very marked antioxidant activity (IC50 = 14.84 ± 1.9 mg / L; AAI = 3.83 ± 1.0). This activity is characterized as very strong, according to the chosen methodology adaptation. Regarding the ability of the extract to inhibit AChE, it was proved that the extract of cinnamon inhibits this enzyme (compared with neostigmine reference). Various methodological adjustments have been addressed, however, there was no regular pattern of inhibition at the concentrations tested. Accordingly, the method applied to determine the inhibitory activity of AChE was not validated. All these findings are in agreement with the high phenolic composition of the extract, which had been previously analyzed (256.4 ± 3.7 mg GAE / g dry matter). Given the observed activities and the existing literature that relates this aqueous extract with AD, cinnamon is presented as a promising study agent in the search for new therapeutic agents for multifactorial AD. The extract has multiple uses, which is one of the approaches indicated for the treatment of AD. The second chapter entitled "Internship in Hospital Pharmacy" seeks to describe all the activities developed during the passage through the different areas of intervention of the Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira pharmaceutical services. "Internship in Community Pharmacy" is the title for the third and final chapter of this work. In it are portrayed all the activities and all the knowledge acquired, the role of the pharmacist and its importance in the link between health care (medicine and other health products) and the user.
The present work is divided into three distinct chapters. The first chapter refers to work developed experimentally, under the title: "anti-Alzheimer activity of aqueous extracts of cinnamon: preliminary studies." Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative dementia, and the recommended first-line treatment for AD (acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) is insufficient in a multifactorial ephemeral like this. To expand research into new therapeutic targets and new approaches (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloid, pro-cholinergic, etc.) is overriding. Based on a multipotent strategy, are increasingly emerging studies that explore all pathophysiological features present in AD In the present study we sought to study the composition of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and AChE inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract of cinnamon, from the application of the methodologies used in similar investigations. By the DPPH method it was clear that this extract has a very marked antioxidant activity (IC50 = 14.84 ± 1.9 mg / L; AAI = 3.83 ± 1.0). This activity is characterized as very strong, according to the chosen methodology adaptation. Regarding the ability of the extract to inhibit AChE, it was proved that the extract of cinnamon inhibits this enzyme (compared with neostigmine reference). Various methodological adjustments have been addressed, however, there was no regular pattern of inhibition at the concentrations tested. Accordingly, the method applied to determine the inhibitory activity of AChE was not validated. All these findings are in agreement with the high phenolic composition of the extract, which had been previously analyzed (256.4 ± 3.7 mg GAE / g dry matter). Given the observed activities and the existing literature that relates this aqueous extract with AD, cinnamon is presented as a promising study agent in the search for new therapeutic agents for multifactorial AD. The extract has multiple uses, which is one of the approaches indicated for the treatment of AD. The second chapter entitled "Internship in Hospital Pharmacy" seeks to describe all the activities developed during the passage through the different areas of intervention of the Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira pharmaceutical services. "Internship in Community Pharmacy" is the title for the third and final chapter of this work. In it are portrayed all the activities and all the knowledge acquired, the role of the pharmacist and its importance in the link between health care (medicine and other health products) and the user.
Description
Keywords
Acetilcolinesterase Alzheimer Atividade Antioxidante Compostos Fenólicos Extrato Aquoso de Canela Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar