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Abstract(s)
Pretende-se que este trabalho seja um contributo não só para melhorar o ensino das Ciências Físico-Químicas e da Química em particular, mas também para desenvolver nos alunos o gosto pela aprendizagem nesta disciplina e despertar nos professores desta área, um maior espírito crítico.
O presente trabalho apresenta a sustentação teórica de uma das aulas lecionada pela autora, como lhe foi solicitado, sendo ainda incluídas a planificação dessa aula e observações sobre a aplicação da mesma, na sala de aula. A planificação foi feita numa perspetiva CTS -A (Ciência – Tecnologia – Sociedade - Ambiente), dando relevo à vertente experimental, para uma introdução ao trabalho laboratorial, já que os alunos estavam a iniciar o estudo da Química.
A escolha do tema “Processos Físicos de Separação dos Componentes de uma Mistura” decorreu naturalmente da formação base da autora em química e do facto de os referidos processos serem das técnicas mais frequentemente utilizadas em pequena escala ou na indústria química.
Para o tratar foi pesquisada informação em várias fontes, incluindo as orientações programáticas e manuais escolares. Neste documento fazem-se algumas observações sobre a abordagem feita nalgumas das fontes consultadas.
Para maior utilidade de quem venha a consultar este documento, acrescenta-se nele uma proposta de atividade extracurricular facilitadora das aprendizagens e capacidades a desenvolver pelos alunos, definidas como objetivos gerais para o 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.
It is intended that this paper contributes not only to improve the teaching of the Physics - Chemistry sciences, particularly Chemistry but also develops in the students the motivation to learn this subject and stimulates in the teachers of this area a stronger critical sense. This document shows the theoretical support of one of the lessons carried out by the author herself, as one asked her to do, and it also includes the lesson plan and the observations concerning its application, within the classroom. The plan was elaborated by using a STS – A (Science Technology Society- Environment perspective, giving special emphasis to the experimental method, in order to introduce the laboratorial work, once the students were just beginning their study concerning Chemistry. The choice of the theme: “Physical Processes of Separating the Components of a Mixture” came naturally out of the author’s basic education in Chemistry and because the above mentioned methods are the most common techniques used in small scale or within the Chemistry industry. Throughout this paper a lot of information was researched in several sources, including the Programme orientations and the books adopted. In this document some observations about the approach presented in some of the consulted sources are made. Aiming that this document might be as useful as possible for those who read it, one add a proposal of an extracurricular activity which facilitates the learning and the skills meant to be developed by the students, defined as general objectives for the 7th, 8th and 9th forms.
It is intended that this paper contributes not only to improve the teaching of the Physics - Chemistry sciences, particularly Chemistry but also develops in the students the motivation to learn this subject and stimulates in the teachers of this area a stronger critical sense. This document shows the theoretical support of one of the lessons carried out by the author herself, as one asked her to do, and it also includes the lesson plan and the observations concerning its application, within the classroom. The plan was elaborated by using a STS – A (Science Technology Society- Environment perspective, giving special emphasis to the experimental method, in order to introduce the laboratorial work, once the students were just beginning their study concerning Chemistry. The choice of the theme: “Physical Processes of Separating the Components of a Mixture” came naturally out of the author’s basic education in Chemistry and because the above mentioned methods are the most common techniques used in small scale or within the Chemistry industry. Throughout this paper a lot of information was researched in several sources, including the Programme orientations and the books adopted. In this document some observations about the approach presented in some of the consulted sources are made. Aiming that this document might be as useful as possible for those who read it, one add a proposal of an extracurricular activity which facilitates the learning and the skills meant to be developed by the students, defined as general objectives for the 7th, 8th and 9th forms.
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Keywords
Componentes de uma mistura - Separação Ensino da física - Estágio pedagógico