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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Estima-se que a nível mundial, pelo menos 2,2 mil milhões de pessoas
apresentam deficiência visual ou cegueira, das quais pelo menos mil milhões têm uma
deficiência visual que pode ser evitada ou resolvida. A deficiência visual ocorre quando
uma condição ocular afeta o sistema visual e uma ou mais das suas funções visuais,
tendo consequências graves para o indivíduo ao longo da vida. A visão é importante
para muitos aspetos da vida e a deficiência visual pode afetar profundamente os
pacientes, as famílias e a sociedade. O glaucoma é uma das causas mais frequentes da
cegueira irreversível a nível mundial. Caracterizado por uma neuropatia ótica
progressiva e perda de campo visual associada, pode progredir para uma grave
deficiência visual ou cegueira. O objetivo principal deste trabalho consistiu na revisão
sistemática de literatura referente à prevalência da cegueira e deficiência visual
moderada a severa por glaucoma na europa ocidental, na população com uma idade
igual ou superior a 50 anos.
Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais de base
populacional que estudaram a prevalência da cegueira e DVMS por glaucoma na
Europa Ocidental. Recorreu-se a três bases de dados bibliográficos, o “PubMed”,
“ScienceDirect” e “Web of Science”. O protocolo PRISMA foi a linha orientadora na
presente revisão. Foram selecionados estudos realizados na Europa Ocidental, com
populações, de ambos os sexos, com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos e que usaram a
classificação de deficiência visual da Organização Mundial de Saúde.
Resultados: Foram incluídos 6 artigos, que cumpriram todos os critérios de
elegibilidade, realizados em diferentes países da Europa Ocidental com datas de
publicação entre 1995 e 2019. Analisou-se a prevalência da cegueira e DVMS, a da
cegueira e DVMS especifica por sexo e a prevalência da cegueira e DVMS por glaucoma.
A prevalência de DVMS bilateral variou entre 0.96% e 25.09% e a prevalência de
cegueira bilateral entre 0.47% e 5.48%. Em relação à prevalência de DVMS bilateral por
glaucoma, na amostra total, os resultados variaram entre 0.10% e 2.83% e os de
cegueira bilateral entre 0.00% e 0.88%.
Conclusão: A realização deste estudo deixa claro a necessidade da realização de mais
estudos, principalmente na Europa Ocidental, com o propósito de se conhecer uma
prevalência mais próxima da realidade e o impacto que esta tem na sociedade. Nos
próximos anos, a população envelhecida tem tendência a aumentar, tendo como consequência o aumento das prevalências de deficiência visual e de patologias
relacionadas com a idade, que é o caso do glaucoma. A deteção e tratamento precoce é
essencial e para isso é fundamental haver serviços adequados disponíveis e a sociedade
ter conhecimento e acesso a essa informação.
Introduction: It is estimated that worldwide, at least 2.2 billion people are visually impaired or blind, of these at least 1 billion have a visual impairment that can be avoided or solved. Vision impairment occurs when an eye condition affects the visual system and one or more of its vision functions, having serious consequences for the individual across the life course. Vision is important for many aspects of life, and vision impairment can profoundly affect individuals, families, and society. Glaucoma is one of the most frequent causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Characterized by a progressive optic neuropathy and associated visual field loss, it can progress to severe visual impairment or blindness. The main objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on the prevalence of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment due to glaucoma in Western Europe, in the population aged 50 years and older. Methods: A systematic review of population-based observational studies that studied the prevalence of blindness and DVMS due to glaucoma in Western Europe was conducted. Three bibliographic databases were used, "PubMed", "ScienceDirect" and "Web of Science". The PRISMA protocol was the guideline in the present review. Studies conducted in Western Europe with populations of both sexes, aged 50 years or older and that used the World Health Organization's visual impairment classification, were selected. Results: Six articles, meeting all eligibility criteria, conducted in different Western European countries with publication dates between 1995 and 2019, were included. The prevalence of blindness and MSVI, blindness and MSVI specific by sex and the prevalence of blindness and MSVI due to glaucoma were analyzed. The prevalence of bilateral MSVI ranged from 0.96% to 25.09% and the prevalence of bilateral blindness from 0.47% to 5.48%. Regarding the prevalence of bilateral MSVI due to glaucoma, in the total sample, the results ranged from 0.10% to 2.83% and bilateral blindness from 0.00% to 0.88%. Conclusion: This study makes clear the need for further studies, especially in Western Europe, in order to know a prevalence closer to reality and the impact it has on society. In the coming years, the aging population is likely to increase, resulting in an increase in the prevalence of visual impairment and age-related pathologies such as glaucoma Early detection and treatment is essential, and for this it is crucial to have adequate services available and for society to have knowledge of and access to this information.
Introduction: It is estimated that worldwide, at least 2.2 billion people are visually impaired or blind, of these at least 1 billion have a visual impairment that can be avoided or solved. Vision impairment occurs when an eye condition affects the visual system and one or more of its vision functions, having serious consequences for the individual across the life course. Vision is important for many aspects of life, and vision impairment can profoundly affect individuals, families, and society. Glaucoma is one of the most frequent causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Characterized by a progressive optic neuropathy and associated visual field loss, it can progress to severe visual impairment or blindness. The main objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on the prevalence of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment due to glaucoma in Western Europe, in the population aged 50 years and older. Methods: A systematic review of population-based observational studies that studied the prevalence of blindness and DVMS due to glaucoma in Western Europe was conducted. Three bibliographic databases were used, "PubMed", "ScienceDirect" and "Web of Science". The PRISMA protocol was the guideline in the present review. Studies conducted in Western Europe with populations of both sexes, aged 50 years or older and that used the World Health Organization's visual impairment classification, were selected. Results: Six articles, meeting all eligibility criteria, conducted in different Western European countries with publication dates between 1995 and 2019, were included. The prevalence of blindness and MSVI, blindness and MSVI specific by sex and the prevalence of blindness and MSVI due to glaucoma were analyzed. The prevalence of bilateral MSVI ranged from 0.96% to 25.09% and the prevalence of bilateral blindness from 0.47% to 5.48%. Regarding the prevalence of bilateral MSVI due to glaucoma, in the total sample, the results ranged from 0.10% to 2.83% and bilateral blindness from 0.00% to 0.88%. Conclusion: This study makes clear the need for further studies, especially in Western Europe, in order to know a prevalence closer to reality and the impact it has on society. In the coming years, the aging population is likely to increase, resulting in an increase in the prevalence of visual impairment and age-related pathologies such as glaucoma Early detection and treatment is essential, and for this it is crucial to have adequate services available and for society to have knowledge of and access to this information.
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Keywords
Cegueira Deficiência Visual Moderada a Severa Europa Ocidental Glaucoma Prevalência