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Abstract(s)
A Hipertensão Arterial (HTA) é caracterizada por um aumento consistente e anormal
da pressão sanguínea nas artérias. Destaca-se como um fator de risco chave para
doenças cardiovasculares, acidentes vasculares cerebrais e outros danos em órgãos
vitais. O diagnóstico precoce e tratamento adequado desempenham um papel crucial
na prevenção de complicações graves. No acompanhamento do hipertenso, a
implementação de alterações no estilo de vida é essencial, no entanto, a terapêutica
farmacológica continua a ser o mais importante para o controlo da pressão arterial (PA)
e para a prevenção de eventos cardiovasculares adversos. Atualmente a seleção da
estratégia de tratamento de pacientes com HTA é empírica e usa como base evidências
e consensos de que determinado tratamento ou intervenção é benéfico, útil e eficaz.
A farmacogenomica investiga como é que a genética de um indivíduo influencia a sua
resposta ao tratamento da HTA. Este tipo de abordagem tem como principal finalidade
a instituição de terapias personalizadas para cada paciente, otimizando os resultados
do tratamento e reduzindo possíveis efeitos colaterais de forma a melhorar o controlo
global da HTA. Os Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio (BCC) são fármacos amplamente
usados no tratamento da HTA. Numerosos estudos indicaram que polimorfismos como
os de nucleotídeo único (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms- SNPs) podem modificar as
respostas anti-hipertensivas aos BCC e o risco de eventos cardiovasculares adversos.
O facto de a resposta aos fármacos não ser universal é uma das principais motivações
para a aplicação da medicina personalizada. Esta dissertação procura realizar um
estudo clínico e pesquisa laboratorial que analise a resposta de pacientes portugueses
com HTA a um fármaco BCC, a Amlodipina. Pretende-se também avaliar uma possível
correlação entre essa resposta e a variabilidade genética interindividual dos pacientes,
facto que poderá sustentar a relevância da farmacogenomica na prática clínica da HTA.
Arterial Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by a consistent and abnormal increase in blood pressure in the arteries. It stands out as a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke and other damage to vital organs. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment play a crucial role in preventing serious complications. When monitoring hypertensive patients, implementing lifestyle changes is essential, however, pharmacological therapy continues to be the essential step towards controlling blood pressure and preventing adverse cardiovascular events. Currently, the selection of a treatment strategy for patients with hypertension is largely empirical and is based on evidence and consensus that a given treatment or intervention is beneficial, useful and effective. Pharmacogenomics investigates how an individual's genetic makeup influences their response to hypertension treatment. This type of approach's main purpose is to provide personalized therapies for each patient, optimizing treatment results and reducing possible side effects to improve overall control of hypertension. Calcium Channel Blockers are widely used in the treatment of hypertension. Numerous studies have indicated that polymorphisms such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can modify antihypertensive responses to calcium channel blockers and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The fact that the response to medications is not universal is one of the main motivations for the application of personalized medicine. This dissertation seeks to carry out a clinical study and laboratory research that analyzes the response of Portuguese patients with HTN to a CCB drug, Amlodipine. It is also intended to evaluate a possible correlation between this response and the interindividual genetic variability of patients, a fact that could support the relevance of pharmacogenomics in the clinical practice of hypertension.
Arterial Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by a consistent and abnormal increase in blood pressure in the arteries. It stands out as a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke and other damage to vital organs. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment play a crucial role in preventing serious complications. When monitoring hypertensive patients, implementing lifestyle changes is essential, however, pharmacological therapy continues to be the essential step towards controlling blood pressure and preventing adverse cardiovascular events. Currently, the selection of a treatment strategy for patients with hypertension is largely empirical and is based on evidence and consensus that a given treatment or intervention is beneficial, useful and effective. Pharmacogenomics investigates how an individual's genetic makeup influences their response to hypertension treatment. This type of approach's main purpose is to provide personalized therapies for each patient, optimizing treatment results and reducing possible side effects to improve overall control of hypertension. Calcium Channel Blockers are widely used in the treatment of hypertension. Numerous studies have indicated that polymorphisms such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can modify antihypertensive responses to calcium channel blockers and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The fact that the response to medications is not universal is one of the main motivations for the application of personalized medicine. This dissertation seeks to carry out a clinical study and laboratory research that analyzes the response of Portuguese patients with HTN to a CCB drug, Amlodipine. It is also intended to evaluate a possible correlation between this response and the interindividual genetic variability of patients, a fact that could support the relevance of pharmacogenomics in the clinical practice of hypertension.
Description
Keywords
Bloqueadoresdecanaisdecálcio Farmacogenomica Hipertensãoarterial Polimorfismos Nucleótidoúnico