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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O desenvolvimento de vacinação contra o HPV e a implementação de programas
de rastreio do cancro do colo útero atingiram taxas de sucesso inegáveis. No entanto, apesar
de todas as estratégicas de prevenção instituídas, o CCU continua a ser responsável por taxas
de incidência e de mortalidade consideráveis. Atualmente, mais de metade dos casos de CCU
são diagnosticados em mulheres que, por diferentes motivos, faltam ao rastreio. A autocolheita do teste de HPV é um instrumento de rastreio que tem a potencialidade de aumentar
a taxa de participação no rastreio do CCU, possibilitando abranger algumas das mulheres que
não participam no rastreio padrão implementado.
Objetivo: Esta monografia pretende analisar a evidência científica atual sobre a auto-colheita
do teste de HPV, avaliando o seu potencial como ferramenta de rastreio e a viabilidade da sua
implementação nos programas nacionais de rastreio do CCU.
Metodologia: Para a realização desta dissertação foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e efetuada
revisão de literatura científica através da utilização das plataformas PubMed, UpToDate e
ScienceDirect.
Discussão: A maioria dos estudos demostrou que, no geral, existe uma boa aceitação por parte
das mulheres, que se encontram dispostas a aderir à auto-colheita do teste do HPV. A evidência
científica aponta para uma eficácia similar da auto-colheita comparativamente às amostras
recolhidas pelo clínico, desde que utilizado o dispositivo de colheita apropriado e o tipo de
teste de HPV adequado. Desta forma, tendo em conta todas as vantagens e desvantagens do
método, deve ser feita uma análise custo-benefício de forma a avaliar a exequibilidade da
implementação da auto-colheita do teste de HPV como ferramenta de rastreio do CCU.
Conclusão: Até à data, a evidência científica é a favor da utilização da auto-colheita do teste
de HPV nas mulheres que faltam ao rastreio padrão do CCU. A Holanda e a Austrália já
implementaram esta estratégia de rastreio nos seus programas nacionais. Outros países devem
apostar em estudos-piloto de forma a averiguar a viabilidade da inclusão do método de rastreio
nas suas populações. Apesar de esta temática contar já com inúmeros estudos realizados e
artigos publicados, há ainda muitas questões por responder, evidenciando a necessidade de
mais investigação nesta área.
Introduction: The development of HPV vaccination and the implementation of cervical cancer screening programs have achieved undeniable successful rates. However, despite all prevention strategies implemented, cervical cancer remains responsible for considerable incidence and mortality rates. Currently, more than half of cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in women who lack screening, regardless of the reasons. HPV self-sampling is a screening tool that has the potential to increase the participation rate in cervical screening, reaching some of the women who do not participate in the standard screening implemented. Goals: This monograph aims to analyze the current scientific evidence on HPV self-sampling, assessing its potential as a screening tool and the feasibility of its implementation in national cervical cancer screening programs. Methodology: For this study, a bibliographic research and literature review was carried out, mainly using PubMed, UpToDate and ScienceDirect platforms. Discussion: Most studies have shown that women accept and are willing to use HPV selfsampling. Scientific evidence points to a similar efficacy of self-sampling compared to samples collected by the clinician, if the appropriate collection device is used and the appropriate HPV test type is applied. Therefore, taking into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the method, a cost-benefit analysis should be done to assess the feasibility of implementing HPV self-sampling as a cervical cancer screening tool. Conclusion: To date, scientific evidence is in favor of using HPV self-sampling in women who missed the traditionally cervical cancer screening. The Netherlands and Australia have already implemented this screening strategy in their national programs. Other countries should focus on pilot studies to examine the feasibility of including the screening method in their populations. However, although the numerous studies and published articles on this theme, there are still many unanswered questions, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Introduction: The development of HPV vaccination and the implementation of cervical cancer screening programs have achieved undeniable successful rates. However, despite all prevention strategies implemented, cervical cancer remains responsible for considerable incidence and mortality rates. Currently, more than half of cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in women who lack screening, regardless of the reasons. HPV self-sampling is a screening tool that has the potential to increase the participation rate in cervical screening, reaching some of the women who do not participate in the standard screening implemented. Goals: This monograph aims to analyze the current scientific evidence on HPV self-sampling, assessing its potential as a screening tool and the feasibility of its implementation in national cervical cancer screening programs. Methodology: For this study, a bibliographic research and literature review was carried out, mainly using PubMed, UpToDate and ScienceDirect platforms. Discussion: Most studies have shown that women accept and are willing to use HPV selfsampling. Scientific evidence points to a similar efficacy of self-sampling compared to samples collected by the clinician, if the appropriate collection device is used and the appropriate HPV test type is applied. Therefore, taking into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the method, a cost-benefit analysis should be done to assess the feasibility of implementing HPV self-sampling as a cervical cancer screening tool. Conclusion: To date, scientific evidence is in favor of using HPV self-sampling in women who missed the traditionally cervical cancer screening. The Netherlands and Australia have already implemented this screening strategy in their national programs. Other countries should focus on pilot studies to examine the feasibility of including the screening method in their populations. However, although the numerous studies and published articles on this theme, there are still many unanswered questions, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Description
Keywords
Auto-Colheita Cancro do Colo do Útero Hpv Rastreio do Cancro do Colo do Útero Teste de Hpv