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Abstract(s)
Depois do 25 de abril de 1974 formou-se o projeto SAAL (Serviço de Apoio Ambulatório
Local), que trouxe Ă discussĂŁo assuntos que antes eram quase desconhecidos ao cidadĂŁo comum,
como polĂticas de habitação social e o direito a habitação. Formaram-se brigadas de arquitetos e
engenheiros que percorreram Portugal numa interessante experiĂȘncia com condiçÔes
socioculturais singulares, em busca de soluçÔes arquitetónicas para pessoas com poucas
condiçÔes económicas e/ou marginalizadas. Os moradores eram uma peça tida como
fundamental, e um dos princĂpios fundamentais era que estes fossem integrados e
acompanhassem todo o processo de projeto e construção.
Foram vårias as localidades abrangidas por esse processo, mas, na minha dissertação, vou
abordar principalmente o caso da cidade de Lisboa, com especial incidĂȘncia no Bairro Portugal
Novo. Localizado nas Olaias, freguesia do Areeiro, começou a ser construĂdo nos anos 80 para
alojar moradores dos âcomboiosâ (habitaçÔes informais, vulgo barracas) que se encontravam
implantadas nas proximidades da Qta. do Monte Coxo e do Vale Areeiro. Para a gestĂŁo e
manutenção das habitaçÔes do bairro constituiu-se uma cooperativa habitacional (Cooperativa
Portugal Novo), que acabou por abrir insolvĂȘncia. Com isto, o bairro foi deixado ao abandono,
sem nenhum tipo de gestĂŁo municipal ou privada, tanto dos edifĂcios habitacionais como dos
espaços comuns, e a responsabilidade pela resolução do problema foi sendo empurrada entre o
Estado, a CĂąmara Municipal, os moradores e a Cooperativa. O abandono das entidades
responsĂĄveis levou a que o local fosse um alvo fĂĄcil para atos isolados de criminalidade, somando
o estereótipo subjacente aos bairros de habitação social. Com uma localização privilegiada, bem
no centro da cidade, acabou por ser circundado por outras construçÔes (os edifĂcios das Olaias e
mais tarde, os Serviços Sociais da CML), tendo ficado quase impercetĂvel a quem cruza as ruas
circundantes. Houve jå vårias tentativas de municipalização e até jå existe uma associação
formada pelos moradores.
Mais do que simplesmente reabilitar os edifĂcios habitacionais, Ă© necessĂĄrio arranjar
formas dos moradores gerarem liquidez para terem autonomia para reabilitar, dinamizar o bairro.
Da mesma forma, também, dar visibilidade a estes territórios, para que os órgãos de poder sejam
pressionados a atuar. Assim, espaços comunitårios e de lazer, para uso das comunidades, são
chamativos para pessoas exteriores ao bairro e para, consequentemente, valorização da
comunidade que habita o bairro.
After April 25, 1974, the SAAL project (Local Ambulatory Support Service) was formed, which brought to discussion issues that were previously almost unknown to ordinary citizens, such as social housing policies and the right to housing. Brigades of architects and engineers were formed and toured Portugal in an interesting experience with unique socio-cultural conditions, in search of architectural solutions for people with poor economic conditions and/or marginalized. Residents were considered a fundamental component, and one of the fundamental principles was that they were integrated and accompanied the entire design and construction process. There were several locations covered by this process, but, in my dissertation, I will mainly address the case of the city of Lisbon, with a special focus on Bairro Portugal Novo. Located in Olaias, parish of Areeiro, it began to be built in the 1980s to house residents of âtrainsâ (informal housing, commonly known as shacks) that were located close to Qta. Monte Coxo and Vale Areeiro. To manage and maintain housing in the neighborhood, a housing cooperative (Cooperativa Portugal Novo) was set up, which ended up going into insolvency. As a result, the neighborhood was left abandoned, without any type of municipal or private management, both of the housing buildings and common spaces, and the responsibility for resolving the problem was being pushed between the State, the City Council, the residents and the Cooperative. The abandonment of the responsible entities led to the location being an easy target for isolated acts of crime, adding to the stereotype underlying social housing neighborhoods. With a privileged location, right in the center of the city, it ended up being surrounded by other buildings (the Olaias buildings and later, the CML Social Services), becoming almost imperceptible to anyone crossing the surrounding streets. There have already been several attempts at municipalization and there is even an association formed by residents. More than simply rehabilitating residential buildings, it is necessary to find ways for residents to generate liquidity to have the autonomy to rehabilitate and dynamize the neighborhood. In the same way, also, give visibility to these territories, so that the bodies of power are pressured to act. Thus, community and leisure spaces, for use by communities, are attractive to people outside the neighborhood and, consequently, enhance the value of the community that lives in the neighborhood.
After April 25, 1974, the SAAL project (Local Ambulatory Support Service) was formed, which brought to discussion issues that were previously almost unknown to ordinary citizens, such as social housing policies and the right to housing. Brigades of architects and engineers were formed and toured Portugal in an interesting experience with unique socio-cultural conditions, in search of architectural solutions for people with poor economic conditions and/or marginalized. Residents were considered a fundamental component, and one of the fundamental principles was that they were integrated and accompanied the entire design and construction process. There were several locations covered by this process, but, in my dissertation, I will mainly address the case of the city of Lisbon, with a special focus on Bairro Portugal Novo. Located in Olaias, parish of Areeiro, it began to be built in the 1980s to house residents of âtrainsâ (informal housing, commonly known as shacks) that were located close to Qta. Monte Coxo and Vale Areeiro. To manage and maintain housing in the neighborhood, a housing cooperative (Cooperativa Portugal Novo) was set up, which ended up going into insolvency. As a result, the neighborhood was left abandoned, without any type of municipal or private management, both of the housing buildings and common spaces, and the responsibility for resolving the problem was being pushed between the State, the City Council, the residents and the Cooperative. The abandonment of the responsible entities led to the location being an easy target for isolated acts of crime, adding to the stereotype underlying social housing neighborhoods. With a privileged location, right in the center of the city, it ended up being surrounded by other buildings (the Olaias buildings and later, the CML Social Services), becoming almost imperceptible to anyone crossing the surrounding streets. There have already been several attempts at municipalization and there is even an association formed by residents. More than simply rehabilitating residential buildings, it is necessary to find ways for residents to generate liquidity to have the autonomy to rehabilitate and dynamize the neighborhood. In the same way, also, give visibility to these territories, so that the bodies of power are pressured to act. Thus, community and leisure spaces, for use by communities, are attractive to people outside the neighborhood and, consequently, enhance the value of the community that lives in the neighborhood.
Description
Keywords
Participação Comunitåria Aporofobia Arquitetura Bairro Portugal Novo Serviço de Apoio Ambulatório Local (Saal)