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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Em Portugal, mais de 70% dos utentes das consultas de Medicina Geral e
Familiar tem multimorbilidade, definida como a coexistência de duas ou mais doenças
crónicas na mesma pessoa. Na abordagem destes doentes, a comunicação cuidada e a
relação médico-paciente são fatores preponderantes para o sucesso terapêutico. A
empatia, a capacitação do doente e a satisfação com o conhecimento obtido através do
médico sobre as suas doenças contribuem para a construção desta relação e permitem
uma melhor qualidade dos cuidados prestados e melhores resultados clínicos.
Objetivo: Descrever a relação médico-paciente em doentes com multimorbilidade que
frequentam consultas de Medicina Geral e Familiar, avaliando a empatia médica
percecionada pelo doente, a sua capacitação e a satisfação com o conhecimento obtido
sobre as suas doenças através do médico.
Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal
numa amostra de conveniência em 4 instituições sociais. Aplicou-se um questionário
sociodemográfico e clínico para caracterizar a amostra, a “Jefferson Scale of Patient
Perceptions of Physician Empathy” para avaliar a empatia médica percecionada, o
“Patient Enablement Instrument” para analisar a capacitação dos doentes e a Escala de
Conhecimento da Doença para averiguar a satisfação com as informações obtidas sobre as
suas doenças.
Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 115 doentes, dos quais a maioria era do género
feminino, tomava mais de 5 medicamentos por dia e tinha o ensino básico. Na “Jefferson
Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy” a média de respostas de cada
afirmação foi sempre superior a 5 (em 7), no “Patient Enablement Instrument” a resposta
mais dada em todas as questões foi “Melhor/Mais” e na Escala de Conhecimento da
Doença a maioria sabe o necessário sobre as suas doenças. A comparação entre as
diferentes escalas e as variáveis sociodemográficas demonstrou uma tendência positiva
significativa entre a capacitação do doente e a sua satisfação com as informações obtidas
segundo o grau de escolaridade. Constatou-se ainda que as 3 escalas se correlacionam
entre si positivamente.
Conclusão: A elevada perceção da empatia médica, o maior grau de capacitação após as
consultas e a satisfação com a informação obtida sobre as suas doenças, permitiram
concluir que os doentes com multimorbilidade consideram ter uma boa relação com o seu médico de família. A melhoria desta relação é essencial na gestão da multimorbilidade,
permitindo um acompanhamento centrado no paciente e a prestação dos melhores
cuidados de saúde possíveis.
Introduction: In Portugal, more than 70% of the patients attending primary care have multimorbidity, defined as the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions in the same person. Careful communication and patient-physician relationship are essential factors for therapeutic success in the management of these patients. Empathy, patient’s enablement, and satisfaction with the knowledge of their conditions obtained through the physician contribute to the construction of this relationship and allow for a better quality of care and clinical outcomes. Objective: To describe patient-physician relationship in patients with multimorbidity who attend primary care appointments, evaluating the empathic medical attitude perceived by the patient, their enablement and satisfaction with the knowledge obtained about their conditions through the physician. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study based on a convenience sample was carried out at 4 social institutions. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire was applied to characterize the sample, the “Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy” to assess perceived medical empathy, the “Patient Enablement Instrument” to analyze enablement after an appointment and the “Patients’ Satisfaction with Information Questionnaire” to ascertain satisfaction with the information obtained about their conditions. Results: The sample consisted of 115 patients, the majority were female, took more than 5 drugs a day and had basic instruction. In the “Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy” the average answer for each statement was always higher than 5 (out of 7), in the “Patient Enablement Instrument” the most given answer in all questions was “Better / More” and in the “Patients’ Satisfaction with Information Questionnaire” the majority knows what is necessary about their conditions. The comparison between the different scales and the sociodemographic variables showed a significant positive trend between patient’s enablement and his satisfaction with the information obtained according to the level of instruction. We also found that there is a positive correlation between the 3 scales. Conclusion: The observed high perception of medical empathy, the highest degree of patient’s enablement after an appointment and the satisfaction with the information about their conditions, allowed us to conclude that patients with multimorbidity consider having a good relationship with their general practitioner. Improving this relationship is essential in the management of multimorbidity, contributing to patient-centered medicine and the best health care possible.
Introduction: In Portugal, more than 70% of the patients attending primary care have multimorbidity, defined as the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions in the same person. Careful communication and patient-physician relationship are essential factors for therapeutic success in the management of these patients. Empathy, patient’s enablement, and satisfaction with the knowledge of their conditions obtained through the physician contribute to the construction of this relationship and allow for a better quality of care and clinical outcomes. Objective: To describe patient-physician relationship in patients with multimorbidity who attend primary care appointments, evaluating the empathic medical attitude perceived by the patient, their enablement and satisfaction with the knowledge obtained about their conditions through the physician. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study based on a convenience sample was carried out at 4 social institutions. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire was applied to characterize the sample, the “Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy” to assess perceived medical empathy, the “Patient Enablement Instrument” to analyze enablement after an appointment and the “Patients’ Satisfaction with Information Questionnaire” to ascertain satisfaction with the information obtained about their conditions. Results: The sample consisted of 115 patients, the majority were female, took more than 5 drugs a day and had basic instruction. In the “Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy” the average answer for each statement was always higher than 5 (out of 7), in the “Patient Enablement Instrument” the most given answer in all questions was “Better / More” and in the “Patients’ Satisfaction with Information Questionnaire” the majority knows what is necessary about their conditions. The comparison between the different scales and the sociodemographic variables showed a significant positive trend between patient’s enablement and his satisfaction with the information obtained according to the level of instruction. We also found that there is a positive correlation between the 3 scales. Conclusion: The observed high perception of medical empathy, the highest degree of patient’s enablement after an appointment and the satisfaction with the information about their conditions, allowed us to conclude that patients with multimorbidity consider having a good relationship with their general practitioner. Improving this relationship is essential in the management of multimorbidity, contributing to patient-centered medicine and the best health care possible.
Description
Keywords
Capacitação Comunicação Empatia Multimorbilidade Relação Médico-Paciente