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Abrigos temporários para pastores e caminhantes na Serra da Estrela- Mapeamento e levantamento para futuras intervenções
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O clima da Serra da Estrela atravessa mudanças significativas devido às alterações
climáticas, observando-se uma tendência crescente das temperaturas médias anuais da
região. Com este aumento das temperaturas médias e com a escassez de queda de neve
o público-alvo que visita a serra vem-se alterando, aumentando a procura de visitantes
ligados ao turismo de natureza. Por consequência, existirá uma maior afluência na
utilização das rotas pedestres por caminhantes de alta montanha durante todo o ano,
outrora obstruídas durante os meses de inverno.
Com o mencionado aumento das temperaturas médias e a redução do número de dias
com neve, aliadas ao declínio cada vez mais notável da atividade da pastorícia, os
abrigos ficam em desuso por diversos meses devido à atividade sazonal dos pastores - a
atividade na serra ocorre principalmente no verão -, o que permitirá aos caminhantes
usufruírem destes abrigos quando necessário e alternadamente (ou simultaneamente)
com os pastores, preservando a atividade de pastorícia na região.
Deste modo, a presente investigação incide no estudo dos abrigos de pastores da Serra
da Estrela, nomeadamente em nove abrigos que se situam nestas nas rotas pedestres: a
Rota da Fervença e a Volta das Penhas Douradas
A investigação adotou como metodologia fundamental a observação in situ, decorrente
de trabalho de campo de mapeamento de trilhos, identificação de abrigos de pastores,
levantamentos fotográficos e de medições e ainda as respetivas peças desenhadas
correspondentes para cada abrigo - para melhor entender os percursos, cruzando a
informação com a distribuição e as características dos abrigos, para que seja possível
analisar as melhores diretrizes e estratégias a utilizar numa futura intervenção. Foram
selecionados nove abrigos com base nos critérios: proximidade às rotas pedestres;
abrigos que se situam próximos a uma ou mais rotas em simultâneo; linhas de água nas
proximidades e selecionados também apenas os abrigos artificiais, pois este tipo de
abrigos apresenta maior capacidade de habitabilidade, são mais eficazes na proteção
contra as condições atmosféricas repentinas e apresentam maior conforto para a
permanência no local.
Como tal, procura-se a reestruturação da sua função e propõe-se a futura utilização
também a caminhantes de alta montanha, enquanto estruturas de apoio essenciais à
continuidade quer da atividade da pastorícia como da atividade turística deste
território. Os abrigos encontrados mostraram ser bastante pertinentes para futuras reutilizações
uma vez que são abrigos bastante próximos a cada trilho e inclusive localizam-se
próximos a outros trilhos em simultâneo, encontram-se em bom estado para
reutilização e ainda, alguns destes abrigos localizam-se em troços dos trilhos ainda
utlizados por pastores o que pode abranger a sua utilização em simultâneo com
caminhantes.
Este mapeamento dos trilhos e dos abrigos juntamente com os seus levantamentos irá
contribuir para que no futuro exista documentação mais abrangente relativamente ao
conhecimento histórico, cultural e arquitetónico destas construções.
The climate of Serra da Estrela is undergoing significant changes due to climate change, with a growing trend in average annual temperatures in the region. With this increase in average temperatures and the scarcity of snowfall, the target audience visiting the mountains is changing, increasing the demand for visitors linked to nature tourism. As a result, there will be greater use of hiking trails by high-altitude hikers throughout the year, which were previously blocked during the winter months. With the aforementioned increase in average temperatures and the reduction in the number of days with snow, combined with the increasingly noticeable decline in pastoral activity, shelters are left unused for several months due to the seasonal activity of shepherds - activity in the mountains occurs mainly in the summer -, which will allow hikers to use these shelters when necessary and alternately (or simultaneously) with shepherds, preserving the activity of pastoralism in the region. Thus, this research focuses on the study of shepherd shelters in the Serra da Estrela, namely nine shelters located on the following walking routes: the Fervença Route and the Volta das Penhas Douradas The research adopted as its fundamental methodology in situ observation, resulting from fieldwork mapping trails, identifying shepherd shelters, photographic surveys and measurements, and the corresponding drawings for each shelter - to better understand the routes, cross-referencing the information with the distribution and characteristics of the shelters, so that the best guidelines and strategies to be used in a future intervention could be analyzed. Nine shelters were selected based on the following criteria: proximity to walking routes; shelters located close to one or more routes simultaneously; water lines in the vicinity, and only artificial shelters were selected, as this type of shelter offers greater habitability, is more effective in protecting against sudden weather conditions, and offers greater comfort for staying in place. As such, the aim is to restructure their function and propose their future use also to high mountain hikers, as essential support structures for the continuity of both pastoral and tourist activities in this territory. The shelters found proved to be quite suitable for future reuse, as they are very close to each trail and are even located close to other trails at the same time. They are in good condition for reuse and, some of these shelters are located on sections of trails still used by shepherds, which may allow for their simultaneous use by hikers. This mapping of the trails and shelters, together with the surveys, will contribute to more comprehensive documentation in the future regarding the historical, cultural, and architectural knowledge of these constructions.
The climate of Serra da Estrela is undergoing significant changes due to climate change, with a growing trend in average annual temperatures in the region. With this increase in average temperatures and the scarcity of snowfall, the target audience visiting the mountains is changing, increasing the demand for visitors linked to nature tourism. As a result, there will be greater use of hiking trails by high-altitude hikers throughout the year, which were previously blocked during the winter months. With the aforementioned increase in average temperatures and the reduction in the number of days with snow, combined with the increasingly noticeable decline in pastoral activity, shelters are left unused for several months due to the seasonal activity of shepherds - activity in the mountains occurs mainly in the summer -, which will allow hikers to use these shelters when necessary and alternately (or simultaneously) with shepherds, preserving the activity of pastoralism in the region. Thus, this research focuses on the study of shepherd shelters in the Serra da Estrela, namely nine shelters located on the following walking routes: the Fervença Route and the Volta das Penhas Douradas The research adopted as its fundamental methodology in situ observation, resulting from fieldwork mapping trails, identifying shepherd shelters, photographic surveys and measurements, and the corresponding drawings for each shelter - to better understand the routes, cross-referencing the information with the distribution and characteristics of the shelters, so that the best guidelines and strategies to be used in a future intervention could be analyzed. Nine shelters were selected based on the following criteria: proximity to walking routes; shelters located close to one or more routes simultaneously; water lines in the vicinity, and only artificial shelters were selected, as this type of shelter offers greater habitability, is more effective in protecting against sudden weather conditions, and offers greater comfort for staying in place. As such, the aim is to restructure their function and propose their future use also to high mountain hikers, as essential support structures for the continuity of both pastoral and tourist activities in this territory. The shelters found proved to be quite suitable for future reuse, as they are very close to each trail and are even located close to other trails at the same time. They are in good condition for reuse and, some of these shelters are located on sections of trails still used by shepherds, which may allow for their simultaneous use by hikers. This mapping of the trails and shelters, together with the surveys, will contribute to more comprehensive documentation in the future regarding the historical, cultural, and architectural knowledge of these constructions.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Percursos Pedestres Abrigos de Pastores Mapeamento e Levantamento Arquitetónico Serra da Estrela