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Abstract(s)
Será que o Estado Português, apesar de ser um regime democrático, é realmente laico?
Existirão relações económicas entre o Estado e a Igreja? Verifiquem-se estas ou não, qual o seu impacto no ensino no nosso país?
E a Universidade Católica? Porque dispõe de um estatuto especial?
A presente dissertação pretende esclarecer todas estas questões tendo em conta os regimes políticos que já vigoraram no nosso país. Além de uma análise às relações entre o Estado e a Igreja, com predomínio para as relações económicas, como é evidente, a evolução do ensino e a influência da Igreja sobre este também são alvo de estudo.
Contrariamente aquilo que chega até nós, principalmente o que é veiculado pelos meios de comunicação, o Estado não é essencial para a sobrevivência da Igreja. O estudo levado a cabo e presente neste trabalho demonstra que a Igreja é uma instituição poderosíssima. No entanto, existem episódios que auxiliaram a Igreja Católica a alcançar esse patamar além de toda a influência e poder que alcançou em séculos passados, principalmente antes da implantação de regimes liberais. Existem, assim, dois episódios marcantes, mais próximos da atualidade: trata-se da assinatura da Concordata de 1940 e a Concordata de 2004. O Estado, ao celebrar este tipo de acordos com a Santa Sé, demonstra uma especial atenção pela religião católica. Não podemos, no entanto, ignorar a orientação religiosa da maioria dos portugueses. O Estado deve ser laico mas devemos ter em atenção que a sociedade não o é e, o Estado deve respeitar as necessidades e opções do seu povo.
Although it is a democratic regime, is the Portuguese State really nonreligious? Are there economic ties between the State and the Catholic Church? Whether they exist or not what is the impact in our country’s education system? What about the Catholic University? Why does it enjoy a special status? This thesis is aimed at clarifying all these questions taking into account the different political regimes that have been adopted in our country. Besides a thorough analysis aimed at the relationship between the State and the Church, particularly focused on the economical aspect, the evolution of the education system and the Church’s influence on said system are also targets of research. Unlike what we are told especially by the media, the State is not essential to the survival of the Church. The research I carried out and which can be read in this dissertation demonstrates that the Catholic Church is a very powerful institution. There are, however, some episodes which helped the Catholic Church achieve that power and influence centuries ago, especially before the implementation of more liberal regimes. Among those episodes we can count two more recent and important developments: the signings of the 1940 and 2004 Concordats. By signing these agreements with the Holy See, the Portuguese State demonstrates there is special attention devoted to the Catholic Church. We can’t, however, ignore the religious orientation of the majority of the Portuguese citizens. The State should be secular but it should also keep in mind that society isn’t so the State should respect its people’s needs and choices.
Although it is a democratic regime, is the Portuguese State really nonreligious? Are there economic ties between the State and the Catholic Church? Whether they exist or not what is the impact in our country’s education system? What about the Catholic University? Why does it enjoy a special status? This thesis is aimed at clarifying all these questions taking into account the different political regimes that have been adopted in our country. Besides a thorough analysis aimed at the relationship between the State and the Church, particularly focused on the economical aspect, the evolution of the education system and the Church’s influence on said system are also targets of research. Unlike what we are told especially by the media, the State is not essential to the survival of the Church. The research I carried out and which can be read in this dissertation demonstrates that the Catholic Church is a very powerful institution. There are, however, some episodes which helped the Catholic Church achieve that power and influence centuries ago, especially before the implementation of more liberal regimes. Among those episodes we can count two more recent and important developments: the signings of the 1940 and 2004 Concordats. By signing these agreements with the Holy See, the Portuguese State demonstrates there is special attention devoted to the Catholic Church. We can’t, however, ignore the religious orientation of the majority of the Portuguese citizens. The State should be secular but it should also keep in mind that society isn’t so the State should respect its people’s needs and choices.
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Keywords
Ensino Estado Igreja Católica Laicização Religião Separação