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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A doença de Alzheimer e a diabetes mellitus tipo 2 são doenças altamente
incapacitantes, com uma prevalência significativa na população portuguesa: 1,88 por cento
(1) e 9,9 por cento (2), respetivamente. Recentemente, tem-se evidenciado uma relação
entre ambas as patologias, no entanto, esta continua a ser uma área de controvérsia (3).
Objetivo: Com este trabalho, pretende-se estudar a associação entre a diabetes mellitus e
a doença de Alzheimer, através de um estudo do tipo caso-controlo.
Metodologia: Este trabalho é um estudo retrospetivo do tipo caso-controlo com base na
análise de processos clínicos do Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira, no período
compreendido entre maio de 2018 e dezembro de 2021. O grupo de casos foi composto por
173 doentes com diagnóstico de doença de Alzheimer. O grupo controlo (n=173) foi pareado
para a idade e o sexo, utilizando pacientes do departamento de dermatologia, sem evidência
de demência.
Resultados: Constatou-se uma diferença significativa entre os grupos nas seguintes
variáveis: diabetes mellitus (p=0,003), hemoglobina glicada (p=0,044), antidiabéticos
orais (p=0,013), inibidores da dipeptidil peptidase (p=0,038), hipertensão arterial
(p=0,036), tensão arterial sistólica (p=0,009), taxa de filtração glomerular estimada
(p<0,001), creatinina (p<0,001), hemoglobina (p<0,001), leucócitos, (p<0,001),
neutrófilos, (p<0,001), rácio neutrófilos-linfócitos (p< 0,001), colesterol HDL (P=0,001),
polifarmácia (p<0,001), antipsicóticos (p<0,001), antidepressivos (p<0,011) e estatinas
(p<0,001). A regressão logística registou também associações estatisticamente
significativas ao nível da diabetes mellitus (OR=2,905; IC 95% [1,553; 5,435]; p<0,001), da
taxa de filtração glomerular estimada (OR=0,979; IC 95% [0,968; 0,990]; p<0,001), e do
baixo Colesterol HDL (OR=3,011; IC 95% [1,560; 5,812]; p= 0,001).
Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou uma associação significativa entre a diabetes mellitus
e a doença de Alzheimer. O modelo de regressão logística demonstrou uma associação entre
a doença de Alzheimer e o colesterol HDL, bem como entre a doença de Alzheimer e a taxa
de filtração glomerular estimada. Apesar disso, considera-se que serão necessários mais
estudos, de modo a confirmar as associações constatadas neste estudo.
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with high comorbidity levels, having a prevalence of 1.88% (1) and 9.9% (2), respectively, among the Portuguese population. Recent studies indicate a relationship between both pathologies. However, this remains an area of controversy (3). Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus in a Case-Control Study. Methods: This work is a retrospective case-control study using medical records from the Cova da Beira University Hospital Center from May 2018 to December 2021. The case group was composed of 173 patients with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The control group (n=173) was matched for age and sex, using patients from the dermatology department, without evidence of neurological disorders. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in the following variables: diabetes mellitus (p=0.003), glycated hemoglobin (p=0.044), oral antidiabetics (p=0.013), dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (p=0.038), arterial hypertension ( p=0.036), systolic blood pressure (p=0.009), estimated glomerular filtration rate (p<0.001), creatinine (p<0.001), hemoglobin (p<0.001), leukocytes, (p<0.001), neutrophils, ( p<0.001), neutrophillymphocyte ratio (p<0.001), HDL cholesterol (P=0.001), polypharmacy (p<0.001), antipsychotics (p<0.001), antidepressants (p<0.011) and statins (p<0.001) . Logistic regression also showed statistically significant associations between Alzheimer disease and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.905; 95% CI [1.553; 5.435]; p<0.001), estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR=0.979; 95% CI [0.968; 0.990]; p<0.001) and low HDL cholesterol (OR=3.011; 95% CI [1.560; 5.812]; p=0.001). Conclusions: This study showed a significant association between diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. The logistic regression model demonstrated an association between Alzheimer's disease and HDL cholesterol, as well as between Alzheimer's disease and estimated glomerular filtration rate. However, further investigation is necessary to confirm the associations found in this study.
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with high comorbidity levels, having a prevalence of 1.88% (1) and 9.9% (2), respectively, among the Portuguese population. Recent studies indicate a relationship between both pathologies. However, this remains an area of controversy (3). Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus in a Case-Control Study. Methods: This work is a retrospective case-control study using medical records from the Cova da Beira University Hospital Center from May 2018 to December 2021. The case group was composed of 173 patients with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The control group (n=173) was matched for age and sex, using patients from the dermatology department, without evidence of neurological disorders. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in the following variables: diabetes mellitus (p=0.003), glycated hemoglobin (p=0.044), oral antidiabetics (p=0.013), dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (p=0.038), arterial hypertension ( p=0.036), systolic blood pressure (p=0.009), estimated glomerular filtration rate (p<0.001), creatinine (p<0.001), hemoglobin (p<0.001), leukocytes, (p<0.001), neutrophils, ( p<0.001), neutrophillymphocyte ratio (p<0.001), HDL cholesterol (P=0.001), polypharmacy (p<0.001), antipsychotics (p<0.001), antidepressants (p<0.011) and statins (p<0.001) . Logistic regression also showed statistically significant associations between Alzheimer disease and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.905; 95% CI [1.553; 5.435]; p<0.001), estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR=0.979; 95% CI [0.968; 0.990]; p<0.001) and low HDL cholesterol (OR=3.011; 95% CI [1.560; 5.812]; p=0.001). Conclusions: This study showed a significant association between diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. The logistic regression model demonstrated an association between Alzheimer's disease and HDL cholesterol, as well as between Alzheimer's disease and estimated glomerular filtration rate. However, further investigation is necessary to confirm the associations found in this study.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus Doença de Alzheimer Doenças
Neurodegenerativas Estudo Caso-Controlo Odds-Ratio