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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O Jejum intermitente é uma dieta que restringe os períodos de alimentação.
Implica a alternância de períodos de alimentação sem restrições com ciclos de ingestão em
que o número de calorias é nulo ou muito limitado. Para além de contribuir para a perda
de peso, tem vindo a ser advogado que este regime confere proteção no envelhecimento e
contra uma variedade de patologias. Apesar de ser uma prática promissora para alguns
pacientes, alguns destes benefícios estão por provar em humanos.
Objetivos: Esta dissertação tem como objetivos determinar a eficácia do Jejum
Intermitente como regime alimentar para perda peso e combate da obesidade; analisar a
validade das afirmações dos benefícios conferidos por esta dieta contra patologias
metabólicas, cardiovasculares, neurológicas ou neoplásicas; diferenciar o que já foi
provado em modelos pré-clínicos e o que foi demonstrado em estudos em humanos; e
determinar a exequibilidade e as implicações clínicas do uso deste regime alimentar.
Métodos: Pesquisa de artigos científicos nos motores de pesquisa PubMed e Web of
Science, durante o período de setembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021. Foram utilizadas as
palavras-chave abaixo referidas, em língua inglesa e escolhidas publicações efetuadas
entre os anos de 2010 e 2021. Após a pesquisa e seleção final de artigos, foi utilizado um
total de quarenta artigos, sendo realizada uma análise aos mesmos.
Resultados: Os estudos analisados indicam, de forma unânime, que o Jejum
Intermitente é um regime alimentar capaz de reduzir o peso corporal. Também há
evidência de que pode ter valor clínico no combate a patologias cardiovasculares e à
Diabetes Mellitus, tipo 2. Os benefícios a nível neurológico ou da oncogénese e os que se
referem ao envelhecimento carecem de evidência científica em humanos.
Conclusões: O Jejum Intermitente é uma alternativa segura e eficaz ao regime de
Restrição Calórica. Apresentam efeitos estatisticamente semelhantes na perda de peso e
noutros biomarcadores cardiometabólicos. Ainda assim, são essenciais mais estudos para
determinar a sua eficácia a longo prazo e para distinguir qual o melhor protocolo para o
combate à obesidade.
Introduction: Intermittent Fasting is a diet that restricts the feeding periods times. This involves an interchange between periods when there is no eating restrictions and periods when the caloric intake is null or very limited. Besides contributing to weight loss, it has been defended that this regimen also protects the aging process and against some diseases. Although it is a promising practice among some patients, some of these benefits are still unproven in human subjects. Objectives: This dissertation aims to determine the efficacy of Intermittent Fasting in weight loss and in the fight against obesity; to analyze the validity of the claims about the benefits of this regimen when it comes to metabolic, cardiovascular, neurologic, or neoplastic diseases. To distinguish between the facts proven by preclinical studies and those proven by studies in human specimens; and to determine the practicability and clinical implications of the use of this regimen. Methods: Research for scientific studies in PubMed and Web of Science online search engines, during the time between September 2020 and February 2021. It was used the set of keywords indicated below, in the English language, and only publications released between the year of 2010 and 2021 were chosen. After the research and final selection of articles, it was used a total of forty documents and an analysis was carried out. Results: The analyzed studies showed, unanimously, that Intermittent Fasting can reduce body weight. There is also evidence that suggests that it can have clinical value in the fight against cardiovascular diseases and Diabetes Mellitus, type 2. The benefits of this regimen among neurologic diseases, oncogenic process and the benefits in aging still lack scientific evidence in humans. Conclusions: The Intermittent Fasting is a safe and effective alternative to the Caloric Restriction regimen. They both show statistically similar effects on weight loss and in other cardiometabolic biomarkers. Nevertheless, it is essential that more studies are developed, in order to determine this regimen’s efficacy in long term and to distinguish what is the best protocol to fight obesity.
Introduction: Intermittent Fasting is a diet that restricts the feeding periods times. This involves an interchange between periods when there is no eating restrictions and periods when the caloric intake is null or very limited. Besides contributing to weight loss, it has been defended that this regimen also protects the aging process and against some diseases. Although it is a promising practice among some patients, some of these benefits are still unproven in human subjects. Objectives: This dissertation aims to determine the efficacy of Intermittent Fasting in weight loss and in the fight against obesity; to analyze the validity of the claims about the benefits of this regimen when it comes to metabolic, cardiovascular, neurologic, or neoplastic diseases. To distinguish between the facts proven by preclinical studies and those proven by studies in human specimens; and to determine the practicability and clinical implications of the use of this regimen. Methods: Research for scientific studies in PubMed and Web of Science online search engines, during the time between September 2020 and February 2021. It was used the set of keywords indicated below, in the English language, and only publications released between the year of 2010 and 2021 were chosen. After the research and final selection of articles, it was used a total of forty documents and an analysis was carried out. Results: The analyzed studies showed, unanimously, that Intermittent Fasting can reduce body weight. There is also evidence that suggests that it can have clinical value in the fight against cardiovascular diseases and Diabetes Mellitus, type 2. The benefits of this regimen among neurologic diseases, oncogenic process and the benefits in aging still lack scientific evidence in humans. Conclusions: The Intermittent Fasting is a safe and effective alternative to the Caloric Restriction regimen. They both show statistically similar effects on weight loss and in other cardiometabolic biomarkers. Nevertheless, it is essential that more studies are developed, in order to determine this regimen’s efficacy in long term and to distinguish what is the best protocol to fight obesity.
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Keywords
Alimentação Em Tempo Restrito Jejum Em Dias Alternados Jejum Intermitente