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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertaĆ§Ć£o para obtenĆ§Ć£o do Grau de Mestre em CiĆŖncias FarmacĆŖuticas encontra-se dividida em trĆŖs capĆtulos, sendo o CapĆtulo I referente Ć componente de investigaĆ§Ć£o, e o CapĆtulo II e III relativos Ć experiĆŖncia profissionalizante na vertente hospitalar e comunitĆ”ria, respetivamente.
O CapĆtulo I refere-se Ć componente de investigaĆ§Ć£o, tendo-se desenvolvido um mĆ©todo analĆtico especĆfico para a quantificaĆ§Ć£o de melatonina em cinco variedades de cereja da Cova da Beira: Burlat, Saco, Summit, Sunburst e Sweetheart. Para tal, foi necessĆ”rio realizar uma etapa de extraĆ§Ć£o da amostra, na qual se obtiveram extratos metanĆ³licos secos das cinco variedades de cereja. Estes extratos sofreram posteriormente uma extraĆ§Ć£o em fase sĆ³lida (do inglĆŖs SPE), utilizando-se cartuchos de extraĆ§Ć£o OasisĀ® HLB (do inglĆŖs Hydrophilic-Lipofilic-Balanced), de forma a minimizar o nĆŗmero de interferentes e a maximizar o processo de extraĆ§Ć£o do analito de interesse. Por fim, as amostras foram analisadas por cromatografia lĆquida de alta eficiĆŖncia acoplada a um detetor eletroquĆmico coulomĆ©trico. Este mĆ©todo analĆtico foi validado tendo em conta os critĆ©rios de aceitaĆ§Ć£o das guidelines internacionais de validaĆ§Ć£o de mĆ©todos analĆticos (Food and Drug Administration e International Conference on Harmonisation). O processo de validaĆ§Ć£o incluiu vĆ”rios parĆ¢metros fundamentais, tais como, seletividade, curva de calibraĆ§Ć£o e linearidade, limite de deteĆ§Ć£o e quantificaĆ§Ć£o, precisĆ£o e exatidĆ£o, recuperaĆ§Ć£o e efeito carryover. O mĆ©todo desenvolvido mostrou ser linear na gama de concentraĆ§Ć£o de 0,025 ā 4,0 Āµg/mL com um valor de coeficiente de determinaĆ§Ć£o prĆ³ximo de 1 (0,9974 Ā± 0,0016). Relativamente Ć recuperaĆ§Ć£o com SPE, os valores obtidos variaram entre 61,42 e 75,26%. Todos os parĆ¢metros analisados cumpriram os critĆ©rios de aceitaĆ§Ć£o estabelecidos pelas guidelines internacionais. As concentraƧƵes de melatonina determinadas nas cinco variedades de cereja estĆ£o compreendidas no intervalo de 11,36 a 27,62 ng/g de cereja fresca, sendo a maior concentraĆ§Ć£o encontrada na variedade Burlat e a menor na variedade Summit.
No CapĆtulo II descreve-se o estĆ”gio curricular em farmĆ”cia hospitalar realizado nos ServiƧos FarmacĆŖuticos do Centro Hospitalar do MĆ©dio Tejo, E.P.E.. Este estĆ”gio teve a duraĆ§Ć£o de oito semanas e decorreu entre o dia 26 de janeiro de 2015 e o dia 21 de marƧo de 2015, sob orientaĆ§Ć£o da Dra. Carla Oliveira e restante equipa. Neste capĆtulo estĆ£o descritas as atividades desenvolvidas e as competĆŖncias adquiridas ao longo do estĆ”gio nas diversas Ć”reas dos serviƧos farmacĆŖuticos, as quais sĆ£o fundamentais tanto como aluna como futura farmacĆŖutica.
O CapĆtulo III aborda a experiĆŖncia profissional adquirida na vertente de farmĆ”cia comunitĆ”ria, que se realizou na FarmĆ”cia Ribeiro dos Santos, na cidade de Tomar. Este estĆ”gio decorreu entre o dia 23 de marƧo de 2015 e o dia 12 de junho de 2015, tendo a duraĆ§Ć£o de doze semanas, sob orientaĆ§Ć£o da Dra. Ana Maria Ribeiro dos Santos e da sua excelente equipa. Durante o perĆodo de estĆ”gio, foram vĆ”rios os conhecimentos e competĆŖncias adquiridos, sendo estes descritos de forma sucinta neste capĆtulo.
Considero que as trĆŖs vertentes abordadas nesta dissertaĆ§Ć£o (investigaĆ§Ć£o, farmĆ”cia hospitalar e farmĆ”cia comunitĆ”ria) sĆ£o imprescindĆveis tanto para o meu percurso acadĆ©mico como para o meu futuro profissional.
The present dissertation for obtaining the master's degree in pharmaceutical sciences is divided into three chapters. The first chapter concerns the research component, while Chapter II and III concern with the vocational experience in hospital pharmacy and community pharmacy, respectively. Chapter I refer to the research component. It was developed a specific analytical method for the quantification of melatonin in five cultivars of cherries of Cova da Beira region: Burlat, Saco, Summit, Sunburst and Sweetheart. For this purpose, it was necessary to conduct a sample extraction step, to obtain methanolic dry extracts of the five cultivars of cherries. These extracts were subsequently subjected to a solid phase extraction (SPE), using OasisĀ® HLB extraction cartridges (Hydrophilic-Lipofilic-Balanced), in order to minimize the number of interferences and maximize the extraction process of the analyte of interest. Finally, the samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a coulometric electrochemical detector. This analytical method was fully validated according to the guiding principles of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The validation process included several basic parameters, such as selectivity, calibration and linearity, detection and quantification limit, precision and accuracy, recovery and carryover effect. The method proved to be linear in the concentration range of 0.025 ā 4.0 Āµg/mL with a correlation coefficient of about 1 (0.9974 Ā± 0.0016). Relatively to the recovery with SPE, the values obtained ranged from 61.42% to 75.26%. All the analyzed parameters fulfilled the acceptance criteria established by the international guidelines. Melatonin concentrations determined in the five cherry cultivars were in the range of 11.36 to 27.62 ng/g of fresh cherry, being the highest concentration found in the Burlat cultivar and the lowest one in the Summit cultivar. Chapter II describes the curricular internship in a hospital pharmacy of the pharmaceutical services of the Centro Hospitalar do MĆ©dio Tejo, E.P.E.. This internship lasted eight weeks and ran from January 26, 2015 to March 21, 2015, under the guidance of Dr. Carla Oliveira and team. This chapter describes the activities and skills acquired during the internship in the various areas of the pharmaceutical services, which are fundamental both as a student and as a future pharmacist. Chapter III deals with the professional experience acquired at a community pharmacy, FarmĆ”cia Ribeiro dos Santos in the city of Tomar. This internship took place between 23 March 2015 and 12 June 2015, having a duration of 12 weeks, under the guidance of Dr. Ana Maria Ribeiro dos Santos and her excellent team. During this period, several skills and knowledge were acquired, and they are described briefly in this chapter. The three components addressed in this dissertation (research, hospital pharmacy and community pharmacy) are indispensable for both my academic and for my professional future.
The present dissertation for obtaining the master's degree in pharmaceutical sciences is divided into three chapters. The first chapter concerns the research component, while Chapter II and III concern with the vocational experience in hospital pharmacy and community pharmacy, respectively. Chapter I refer to the research component. It was developed a specific analytical method for the quantification of melatonin in five cultivars of cherries of Cova da Beira region: Burlat, Saco, Summit, Sunburst and Sweetheart. For this purpose, it was necessary to conduct a sample extraction step, to obtain methanolic dry extracts of the five cultivars of cherries. These extracts were subsequently subjected to a solid phase extraction (SPE), using OasisĀ® HLB extraction cartridges (Hydrophilic-Lipofilic-Balanced), in order to minimize the number of interferences and maximize the extraction process of the analyte of interest. Finally, the samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a coulometric electrochemical detector. This analytical method was fully validated according to the guiding principles of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The validation process included several basic parameters, such as selectivity, calibration and linearity, detection and quantification limit, precision and accuracy, recovery and carryover effect. The method proved to be linear in the concentration range of 0.025 ā 4.0 Āµg/mL with a correlation coefficient of about 1 (0.9974 Ā± 0.0016). Relatively to the recovery with SPE, the values obtained ranged from 61.42% to 75.26%. All the analyzed parameters fulfilled the acceptance criteria established by the international guidelines. Melatonin concentrations determined in the five cherry cultivars were in the range of 11.36 to 27.62 ng/g of fresh cherry, being the highest concentration found in the Burlat cultivar and the lowest one in the Summit cultivar. Chapter II describes the curricular internship in a hospital pharmacy of the pharmaceutical services of the Centro Hospitalar do MĆ©dio Tejo, E.P.E.. This internship lasted eight weeks and ran from January 26, 2015 to March 21, 2015, under the guidance of Dr. Carla Oliveira and team. This chapter describes the activities and skills acquired during the internship in the various areas of the pharmaceutical services, which are fundamental both as a student and as a future pharmacist. Chapter III deals with the professional experience acquired at a community pharmacy, FarmĆ”cia Ribeiro dos Santos in the city of Tomar. This internship took place between 23 March 2015 and 12 June 2015, having a duration of 12 weeks, under the guidance of Dr. Ana Maria Ribeiro dos Santos and her excellent team. During this period, several skills and knowledge were acquired, and they are described briefly in this chapter. The three components addressed in this dissertation (research, hospital pharmacy and community pharmacy) are indispensable for both my academic and for my professional future.
Description
Keywords
Cereja FarmƔcia ComunitƔria FarmƔcia Hospitalar Hplc-Ed Melatonina Spe