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Abstract(s)
As DCV são a principal causa de morte e morbilidade na Europa e em Portugal. As DCV mais frequentes são as associadas à aterosclerose, sendo as duas causas mais comuns o AVC e o EAM. O AVC, com incidência superior em idades maiores que 60 anos, encontra-se associado a vários tipos de sequelas, sendo a primeira causa de morte em Portugal. Dados actuais sustentam um aumento do número de episódios de AVC em indivíduos adultos jovens, cuja incidência é significativa- 5 a 10% do total de casos. A incidência crescente em idades mais jovens deve-se a uma “mudança social”.
Foi efectuado um estudo retrospectivo de todos os doentes, com idade entre os 18 e 55 anos, admitidos no CHCB com DCA entre 1 de Janeiro de 1990 e 31 de Dezembro de 2012. A pesquisa envolveu o tratamento de dados do Serviço de Estatística do Centro Hospitalar, assim como a consulta dos processos clínicos da população da amostra.
Tanto o número total de DCA como o em adultos jovens aumentou no período em estudo. No período em estudo, foram admitidos 7603 doentes com diagnóstico de DCA, dos quais 442 (5,81%) tinham entre 18 e 55 anos. 41% dos casos (n=183) eram do sexo feminino e 59% (n=259) eram do sexo masculino. A média de idades foi de 48 anos, com a idade mais frequente a ser 55 anos. 87.7% dos doentes tinham mais de 40 anos de idade, sendo que antes desta idade é sobretudo o género feminino o prevalente.
Foram pesquisados diagnósticos de acordo com o intervalo do CID-9 430:437. Em 227 casos (51.36%) houve o diagnóstico de AVC Isquémico, 73 (16,52%) tinham HIC, 63 (13,8%) AIT, 38 (9,05%) de DCA não especificada, 20 (3,85%) sem isquémia 11 (2,5%) HSA, 10 (2,26%) SAVB.
Setenta e três por cento dos pacientes tinham pelo menos um factor de risco pesquisado, sendo que os mais prevalentes foram a HTA (40,7%) e dislipidémia (18,5%). Foram também pesquisados Tabagismo, Diabetes Mellitus, Alcoolismo e Obesidade. Casos de AVC isquémico e HIC têm a maior percentagem de factores pesquisados. De facto, pode-se afirmar que a HTA é causa de Hemorragia Intracerebral (OR= 0.70 CI 95 0.59-0.80) no estudo efectuado, única relação verificada.
O alcoolismo foi marcante nos doentes com HSA, em igual percentagem à HTA. A HSA foi diagnóstico em indivíduos mais jovens, ao contrário do “AIT”, o diagnóstico em média mais tardio. Nas idades mais jovens os factores presentes verificados foram a Diabetes tipo II, Tabaco e Álcool. Em idades superiores verifica-se a tendência crescente de HTA e de dislipidémia, tal como referido na literatura.
Apenas se verificou que, no caso dos homens, foi frequente a presença de alcoolismo e tabagismo em relação ao sexo feminino, que teve maior número de doentes obesos.
DCV is the leading cause of death and morbidity either in Portugal and Europe. The most common causes of DCV (stroke and EAM) are linked with development of atherosclerosis. Stroke, with higher incidence above 60 years´ age groups, is associated with many sequels- sensory-motor, cognitive and speech- being currently the leading cause of death in Portugal. Current data support and increase of young adults´ stroke episodes, whose incidence is significant- 5-10% of cases. This increased incidence has been linked to a “social change”. It has been done a retrospective study of all patients aged 18-55 years old, admitted in CHCB between January 1st 1990 and December 31st 2012. The research was supported by data of CHCB Statistical Office, as well by the clinical processes of all patients. The total number of DCA episodes and those in young adults both increased since 1990 to 2012. It was admitted 7603 patients, of which 442 (5,81%) were young adults. 41% were women (n=183) and 59% men (n=259). Median age was 48 years old, and the most common age in the sample was 55 years old. 87,7% of all patients were over 40 years, and before this age women dominated. Research involved diagnosis between CID-9 codes 430: 437. 227 patients (51,36%) had Ischemic stroke, 73 (16,52%) HIC, 63 (13,8%) AIT, 38 (9,05%) DCA poorly defined, 20 (3,85%) with no cerebral ischemia, 11 (2,5%) HSA and 10 (2,26%) SAVB. At least one modifiable risk factor was found in 73% of patients and the most prevalent was HTA (40,7%), followed by dyslipidemia (18,5%). It was also searched tobacco, alcohol, Diabetes and Obesity. Ischemic stroke and HIC had the higher percentage of searched risk factors. In fact, it was stated that HTA was the cause of HIC (OR: 0,70 CI 95 0,59-0,80), the only relation verified. Alcohol was most common linked with HSA patients, as well as HTA. HSA was diagnosis in the younger individuals, in opposite of AIT, the diagnosis with a latest age in average. In younger patients, it was found Diabetes, Tobacco and Alcohol as the main risk factors. In the older ages, HTA and dyslipidemia was the prevalent. It was found that tobacco and alcohol was prevalent in men, comparing with women, which had the highest number of obese patients.
DCV is the leading cause of death and morbidity either in Portugal and Europe. The most common causes of DCV (stroke and EAM) are linked with development of atherosclerosis. Stroke, with higher incidence above 60 years´ age groups, is associated with many sequels- sensory-motor, cognitive and speech- being currently the leading cause of death in Portugal. Current data support and increase of young adults´ stroke episodes, whose incidence is significant- 5-10% of cases. This increased incidence has been linked to a “social change”. It has been done a retrospective study of all patients aged 18-55 years old, admitted in CHCB between January 1st 1990 and December 31st 2012. The research was supported by data of CHCB Statistical Office, as well by the clinical processes of all patients. The total number of DCA episodes and those in young adults both increased since 1990 to 2012. It was admitted 7603 patients, of which 442 (5,81%) were young adults. 41% were women (n=183) and 59% men (n=259). Median age was 48 years old, and the most common age in the sample was 55 years old. 87,7% of all patients were over 40 years, and before this age women dominated. Research involved diagnosis between CID-9 codes 430: 437. 227 patients (51,36%) had Ischemic stroke, 73 (16,52%) HIC, 63 (13,8%) AIT, 38 (9,05%) DCA poorly defined, 20 (3,85%) with no cerebral ischemia, 11 (2,5%) HSA and 10 (2,26%) SAVB. At least one modifiable risk factor was found in 73% of patients and the most prevalent was HTA (40,7%), followed by dyslipidemia (18,5%). It was also searched tobacco, alcohol, Diabetes and Obesity. Ischemic stroke and HIC had the higher percentage of searched risk factors. In fact, it was stated that HTA was the cause of HIC (OR: 0,70 CI 95 0,59-0,80), the only relation verified. Alcohol was most common linked with HSA patients, as well as HTA. HSA was diagnosis in the younger individuals, in opposite of AIT, the diagnosis with a latest age in average. In younger patients, it was found Diabetes, Tobacco and Alcohol as the main risk factors. In the older ages, HTA and dyslipidemia was the prevalent. It was found that tobacco and alcohol was prevalent in men, comparing with women, which had the highest number of obese patients.
Description
Keywords
Adultos Jovens Dca Estilos de Vida Modificáveis Factores de Risco