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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O rastreio de indivíduos com 65 ou mais anos de idade no âmbito dos cuidados de saúde primários é crucial para distinguir o declínio fisiológico do declínio patológico das funções cognitivas. Sendo as funções executivas um dos primeiros domínios cognitivos a ser afetado no declínio das funções cognitivas e sendo os testes de fluência verbal um dos melhores preditores deste domínio, tentou encontrar-se uma associação entre o perfil cognitivo sugerido pelo Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) e o desempenho nos Testes de Fluência Verbal (TFV) de sujeitos com mais de 65 anos, avaliados num rastreio de memória à Covilhã.
Material e Métodos: Foi utilizada uma amostra voluntária de 109 indivíduos com mais de 65 anos de idade, que participaram no Rastreio Geriátrico à Covilhã, levado a cabo por investigadores da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior. O teste escolhido para a avaliação do estado cognitivo da amostra foi o MoCA, enquanto que para a avaliação da fluência verbal foram os TFV fonémica e categórica. A análise estatística dos dados foi feita com recurso ao programa IBM SPSS Statistics versão 24, com técnicas de análise estatística descritiva e inferencial.
Resultados: Com uma amostra com idade média de 76,69 ± 6,90 anos, maioritariamente do sexo feminino e com uma média de 4,67 ± 2,63 anos de escolaridade, obteve-se uma prevalência sugestiva de défice cognitivo ligeiro de 37,6% e uma prevalência sugestiva de demência de 38,5%; apenas 23,9% da população obteve resultados de função cognitiva normal.
Foi observada uma associação significativa entre as pontuações obtidas no MoCA e as pontuações obtidas nos TFV animal (p<0,001) e das frutas (p=0,007).
Conclusão: Na impossibilidade de realizar uma avaliação neuropsicológica formal, a conjugação dos TFV categórica e fonémica pode ser utilizada para identificar idosos com maior probabilidade de desenvolver défice cognitivo, de uma forma mais fácil e rápida, conseguindo um encaminhamento para as áreas especializadas, para uma intervenção mais atempada e eficaz.
Introduction: The screening of individuals aged 65 years or older in primary health care is crucial to distinguish physiological decline of cognitive functions from pathological. Given that executive functions are one of the first cognitive domains affected in the decline of cognitive function and since verbal fluency tests are one of the best predictors of this capacity, we tried to find an association between the cognitive profile suggested by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the performance in the Verbal Fluency Tests of subjects aged 65 or older, evaluated in a memory screening to the region of Covilhã. Methods: This study is based on a voluntary sample of 109 subjects aged 65 and older who participated in the Geriatric Screening at Covilhã carried out by researchers from Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde of Universidade da Beira Interior. The selected test to assess the sample’s cognitive status was MoCA, while the verbal fluency evaluation was done by phonemic and categorical Verbal Fluency Tests. Statistical analysis of the data was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24 to employ descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques. Results: A sample with a mean age of 76.69 ± 6.90 years, mostly females, and an average of 4.67 ± 2.63 years of schooling, ensued in a prevalence suggestive of mild cognitive deficit of 37,6%, and an prevalence suggestive of dementia of 38.5%; only 23.9% had normal cognitive function results. It was possible to establish an association between the score obtained in the MoCA and the scores obtained in the animal fluency test (p <0.001) and in the fruit fluency test (p = 0.007). Conclusion: When impossible to conduct a formal neuropsychological evaluation, the combination of both categorical and phonemic Verbal Fluency Tests can be used to identify the elderly with the highest probability of developing cognitive impairment, in an easy and fast manner, allowing a referral to an expert, for a more timely and effective intervention.
Introduction: The screening of individuals aged 65 years or older in primary health care is crucial to distinguish physiological decline of cognitive functions from pathological. Given that executive functions are one of the first cognitive domains affected in the decline of cognitive function and since verbal fluency tests are one of the best predictors of this capacity, we tried to find an association between the cognitive profile suggested by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the performance in the Verbal Fluency Tests of subjects aged 65 or older, evaluated in a memory screening to the region of Covilhã. Methods: This study is based on a voluntary sample of 109 subjects aged 65 and older who participated in the Geriatric Screening at Covilhã carried out by researchers from Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde of Universidade da Beira Interior. The selected test to assess the sample’s cognitive status was MoCA, while the verbal fluency evaluation was done by phonemic and categorical Verbal Fluency Tests. Statistical analysis of the data was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24 to employ descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques. Results: A sample with a mean age of 76.69 ± 6.90 years, mostly females, and an average of 4.67 ± 2.63 years of schooling, ensued in a prevalence suggestive of mild cognitive deficit of 37,6%, and an prevalence suggestive of dementia of 38.5%; only 23.9% had normal cognitive function results. It was possible to establish an association between the score obtained in the MoCA and the scores obtained in the animal fluency test (p <0.001) and in the fruit fluency test (p = 0.007). Conclusion: When impossible to conduct a formal neuropsychological evaluation, the combination of both categorical and phonemic Verbal Fluency Tests can be used to identify the elderly with the highest probability of developing cognitive impairment, in an easy and fast manner, allowing a referral to an expert, for a more timely and effective intervention.
Description
Keywords
Covilhã Fluência Verbal Funções Cognitivas Idosos Moca