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Abstract(s)
De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a Perturbação Depressiva Major
(PDM) constitui um dos principais problemas de saúde no mundo desenvolvido. Estimase que uma em cada quatro mulheres e um em cada dez homens possam ter episódios de
Perturbação Depressiva Major em alguma fase da sua vida.
Existem diversos tratamentos possíveis para a PDM, incluindo os medicamentos
antidepressivos e a psicoterapia, que deverão ser escolhidos de forma individualizada.
Recentemente várias investigações demonstraram que a injeção facial periférica da
Neurotoxina Botulínica, uma neurotoxina produzida pela bactéria Clostridium botulinum,
pode ser um método rápido, eficaz e relativamente seguro para melhorar os sintomas da
PDM.
A Toxina Botulínica, também conhecida pelo nome comum "Botox", é um composto
injetável que permite eliminar ou reduzir as rugas faciais, concedendo um aspeto mais
jovial ao rosto, otimizando a beleza do doente. Esta temática vem introduzir uma
utilização alternativa para a Toxina Botulínica, além do seu tradicional uso na Medicina
Estética, o que lhe tem atribuído uma crescente visibilidade nos últimos anos, pelo enorme
potencial para diversas outras aplicações.
A revelação de que a Toxina Botulínica pode aumentar os níveis de serotonina e
influenciar favoravelmente a expressão do BDNF no hipocampo foi o ponto de partida
para pesquisas que procuram entender os efeitos antidepressivos da mesma.
Outro tema relacionado, quer com a toxina botulínica, quer com a PDM , é a Hipótese do
Feedback Facial, que sugere que a nossa expressão facial pode afetar a nossa perceção
emocional.
Nesta dissertação será explorado o potencial da Toxina Botulínica no tratamento da PDM
e a fisiopatologia que justifica a sua utilização.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Major Depressive Disorder (PDM) is one of the main health problems in the developed world. It is estimated that one in four women and one in ten men may experience episodes of Major Depressive Disorder at some point in their lives. There are several possible treatments for PDM, including antidepressant medications and psychotherapy, which must be chosen individually. Recently, several investigations have found that peripheral facial injection of Botulinum Neurotoxin, a neurotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, may be a quick, effective and relatively safe method for improving PDM symptoms. Botulinum Toxin, also known by the common name "Botox", is an injectable compound that eliminates or reduces skin wrinkles, giving a more youthful appearance to the face, optimizing the patient's beauty. This issue introduces an alternative use for Botulinum Toxin, in addition to its traditional use in Aesthetic Medicine, which has given it increasing visibility in recent years, due to the enormous potential for several other applications. The revelation that Botulinum Toxin can increase serotonin levels and favorably influence the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus was the starting point for research seeking to understand its antidepressant effects. Another related topic, both with botulinum toxin and PDM, is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis, which suggests that our facial expression can affect our emotional perception. This dissertation will explore the potential of Botulinum Toxin in the treatment of PDM and the pathophysiology that justifies its use.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Major Depressive Disorder (PDM) is one of the main health problems in the developed world. It is estimated that one in four women and one in ten men may experience episodes of Major Depressive Disorder at some point in their lives. There are several possible treatments for PDM, including antidepressant medications and psychotherapy, which must be chosen individually. Recently, several investigations have found that peripheral facial injection of Botulinum Neurotoxin, a neurotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, may be a quick, effective and relatively safe method for improving PDM symptoms. Botulinum Toxin, also known by the common name "Botox", is an injectable compound that eliminates or reduces skin wrinkles, giving a more youthful appearance to the face, optimizing the patient's beauty. This issue introduces an alternative use for Botulinum Toxin, in addition to its traditional use in Aesthetic Medicine, which has given it increasing visibility in recent years, due to the enormous potential for several other applications. The revelation that Botulinum Toxin can increase serotonin levels and favorably influence the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus was the starting point for research seeking to understand its antidepressant effects. Another related topic, both with botulinum toxin and PDM, is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis, which suggests that our facial expression can affect our emotional perception. This dissertation will explore the potential of Botulinum Toxin in the treatment of PDM and the pathophysiology that justifies its use.
Description
Keywords
Depressão Estética Toxina Botulínica Tratamento