| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.43 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
O crescimento significativo da procura mundial de energia introduziu uma pressão significa-
tiva no consumo de energia via fontes de energia fóssil, com consequências ambientais reco-
nhecidas. Nesse contexto, energias renováveis, como solar, térmica e fotovoltaica, eólica e
hidráulica, emergem como alternativas energéticas inevitáveis. Esta dissertação consiste no
desenvolvimento e construção de uma unidade fotovoltaica didática para uso em aulas práticas
de laboratório em cursos de engenharia na Universidade da Beira Interior, onde foram também
realizados um conjunto de testes experimentais que são descritos ao longo desta dissertação .
Esta unidade é constituída por um módulo fotovoltaico que converte energia solar diretamente
em energia elétrica, um regulador de carga que protege a bateria contra sobrecargas e descargas
profundas, uma bateria que armazena a energia produzida durante períodos de maior radiação
solar e um inversor, que converte a energia produzida em corrente contínua em corrente alter-
nada. A unidade utiliza um conjunto de lâmpadas e uma resistência variável, para que várias
cargas do sistema possam ser simuladas. O banco didático desenvolvido permitirá ao aluno
entender as características de uma instalação fotovoltaica autónoma, com exemplos práticos
sobre geração e armazenamento de energia. O sistema básico de armazenamento permitirá ao
aluno entender os conceitos de armazenamento de carga e sua reutilização sem desperdiçar
energia. Além disso, foi elaborado um guia de laboratório para apoiar o trabalho experimental
a ser desenvolvido.
The significant growth in world energy demand has introduced significant pressure on energy consumption via fossil energy sources with recognized environmental consequences. In this con- text, renewable energies, such as solar, thermal and photovoltaic, wind and water, emerge as inevitable energy alternatives. This dissertation describes the process of developing and cons- truction of a didactic photovoltaic unit to be used in laboratory practical classes in engineering courses at the University of Beira Interior, where a set of experimental tests were also carried out which are described throughout this dissertation. This unit consists on a photovoltaic module that converts solar energy, directly, into electrical energy, a charge regulator that protects the battery from overcharging and deep discharges, a battery that stores the energy produced during periods of higher solar radiation, and an inverter, which converts the energy produced in direct current to alternating current. The unit uses a set of lamps and a variable resistance, so that various system loads can be simulated. The developed didactic bench will allow the student to understand the characteristics of an autonomous photovoltaic installation, with practical exam- ples about energy generation and storage. The basic storage system will allow the student to understand the charge storage concepts and its reuse without wasting energy. Additionally, a laboratory guide will be designed to support the experimental work to be developed.
The significant growth in world energy demand has introduced significant pressure on energy consumption via fossil energy sources with recognized environmental consequences. In this con- text, renewable energies, such as solar, thermal and photovoltaic, wind and water, emerge as inevitable energy alternatives. This dissertation describes the process of developing and cons- truction of a didactic photovoltaic unit to be used in laboratory practical classes in engineering courses at the University of Beira Interior, where a set of experimental tests were also carried out which are described throughout this dissertation. This unit consists on a photovoltaic module that converts solar energy, directly, into electrical energy, a charge regulator that protects the battery from overcharging and deep discharges, a battery that stores the energy produced during periods of higher solar radiation, and an inverter, which converts the energy produced in direct current to alternating current. The unit uses a set of lamps and a variable resistance, so that various system loads can be simulated. The developed didactic bench will allow the student to understand the characteristics of an autonomous photovoltaic installation, with practical exam- ples about energy generation and storage. The basic storage system will allow the student to understand the charge storage concepts and its reuse without wasting energy. Additionally, a laboratory guide will be designed to support the experimental work to be developed.
Description
Keywords
Bancada Fotovoltaica Conversão de Energia Unidade Didática