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Authors
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação insere-se no âmbito da obtenção do grau de mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas e divide-se em dois capítulos distintos. O primeiro capítulo é relativo ao trabalho de investigação que teve como objetivo descrever o perfil de funções mentais globais e específicas numa população idosa institucionalizada na região da Beira Interior Norte. No segundo encontra-se descrito a experiência profissional desenvolvida em Farmácia Comunitária.
O Capítulo um descreve o trabalho de investigação efetuado no idoso institucionalizado com o objetivo de descrever o perfil de consciência, orientação, memória, sono e atenção utilizando a ferramenta de Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde. Neste sentido, foi desenvolvido um estudo do tipo observacional descritivo em Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social nos concelhos de Almeida, Guarda e Sabugal durante o ano de 2016. A amostra foi constituída por 338 idosos institucionalizados aos quais foi realizado um inquérito sociodemográfico e clínico. Foram utilizadas quatro ferramentas: Escala de Glasgow; Mini Mental State Examination; Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; e Teste de Toulose-Piéron. A população em estudo representou-se maioritariamente pelo género feminino (74,6%) e com idade média de 85,7±6,4 anos. As cinco patologias mais frequentes são: hipertensão arterial (13,9%), insuficiência cardíaca (4,8%), dislipidémia (4,8%), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (4,6%) e acidente vascular cerebral (3,5%). Mais de metade da população encontrava-se vigilante e alerta (53,6%) e 7,1% em estado comatoso. O défice cognitivo é de 67,9%. Dos utentes, 27,3% e 61,0% encontram-se orientados em relação ao tempo e em relação ao espaço, respetivamente. A memória de curta duração do tipo imediata é identificada em apenas 23,7% dos utentes, sendo que a memória de trabalho chegou a 91,1%. Um sono com qualidade é apenas caracterizado em 8,9% da população e cerca de 54,3% consome pelo menos um fármaco ansiolítico, sedativo ou hipnótico. O lorazepam correspondeu ao princípio ativo de uso mais frequente (16,6%). Todos os indivíduos podem ser classificados com inibição psíquica. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de proporcionar diariamente estímulos aos utentes no sentido da melhoria, bem como criação de instituições especializadas, com auxiliares igualmente consciencializados dos cuidados mentais requeridos.
O Capítulo dois descreve as principais atividades desenvolvidas ao longo do estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas realizado na Farmácia do Cavaco entre o dia 21 de janeiro de 2017 e o dia 02 e junho de 2017. Este capítulo refere a função e importância do farmacêutico na comunidade, as regras necessárias ao funcionamento da farmácia, o circuito do medicamento e o aconselhamento farmacêutico. Esta é a etapa essencial à conclusão da formação académica pois permite a consolidação de todos os conhecimentos teóricos adquiridos, bem como estabelece a primeira ligação entre o farmacêutico, o doente e o mercado de trabalho.
The following work comes up as the conclusion of my Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences and is divided into two distinct chapters. The first chapter is the research that aimed to describe the profile of global and specific mental functions of an institutionalized elderly population from Beira Interior Norte and the second chapter describes my professional experience which was developed in Community Pharmacy. Chapter one describes the investigation project performed in the institutionalized elderly with the objective of describing the profile of consciousness, orientation, memory, sleep and attention using the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health. For this purpose, a descriptive observational study was developed in private solidary institutions (Instituições Particulares de Solariedade Social – IPSS) in Almeida, Guarda and Sabugal during the year 2016. The sample consisted of 338 elderly people who were institutionalized to which a sociodemographic and clinical survey was carried out. Four tools were used: Glasgow Scale; Mini Mental State Examination; Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; Toulose-Piéron test. The studied population was predominantly female (74,6%) with an average age of 85,7±6,4 years. The five most frequent pathologies are hypertension (13.9%), heart failure (4.8%), dyslipidemia (4.8%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (4.6%) and stroke ( 3.5%). More than half the population was vigilant and alert (53,6%), but 7,1% were classified as comatose. The cognitive deficit is 67,9%, with 27,3% and 61,0% of the elderly being oriented in relation to time and space, respectively. The short-term memory of the immediate type is identified in 23,7%, and the working memory reached 91,1%. Quality sleep is only characterized in 8,9% of the sample and about 54,3% consumes at least one anxiolytic, sedative or hypnotic drug. Lorazepam corresponded to the most frequently used active principle (16,6%). All individuals can be classified with psychic inhibition by the attention test. It is concluded that there is a need to provide a daily stimulant to the users, as well as the creation of specialized institutions, with helpers equally aware of the mental health care required. Chapter two describes the main activities developed during the course of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences held at Farmácia do Cavaco between January 21th 2017 and June 2th 2017. This chapter refers to the role and importance of the pharmacist in the community pharmacy, the rules necessary for the operation of the pharmacy and the entire process of the drug circuit until dispensed with pharmaceutical advice. This is the essential step towards the completion of academic training as it allows the consolidation of all theoretical knowledge acquired as well as establishes the first connection with the patient and the labor market.
The following work comes up as the conclusion of my Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences and is divided into two distinct chapters. The first chapter is the research that aimed to describe the profile of global and specific mental functions of an institutionalized elderly population from Beira Interior Norte and the second chapter describes my professional experience which was developed in Community Pharmacy. Chapter one describes the investigation project performed in the institutionalized elderly with the objective of describing the profile of consciousness, orientation, memory, sleep and attention using the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health. For this purpose, a descriptive observational study was developed in private solidary institutions (Instituições Particulares de Solariedade Social – IPSS) in Almeida, Guarda and Sabugal during the year 2016. The sample consisted of 338 elderly people who were institutionalized to which a sociodemographic and clinical survey was carried out. Four tools were used: Glasgow Scale; Mini Mental State Examination; Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; Toulose-Piéron test. The studied population was predominantly female (74,6%) with an average age of 85,7±6,4 years. The five most frequent pathologies are hypertension (13.9%), heart failure (4.8%), dyslipidemia (4.8%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (4.6%) and stroke ( 3.5%). More than half the population was vigilant and alert (53,6%), but 7,1% were classified as comatose. The cognitive deficit is 67,9%, with 27,3% and 61,0% of the elderly being oriented in relation to time and space, respectively. The short-term memory of the immediate type is identified in 23,7%, and the working memory reached 91,1%. Quality sleep is only characterized in 8,9% of the sample and about 54,3% consumes at least one anxiolytic, sedative or hypnotic drug. Lorazepam corresponded to the most frequently used active principle (16,6%). All individuals can be classified with psychic inhibition by the attention test. It is concluded that there is a need to provide a daily stimulant to the users, as well as the creation of specialized institutions, with helpers equally aware of the mental health care required. Chapter two describes the main activities developed during the course of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences held at Farmácia do Cavaco between January 21th 2017 and June 2th 2017. This chapter refers to the role and importance of the pharmacist in the community pharmacy, the rules necessary for the operation of the pharmacy and the entire process of the drug circuit until dispensed with pharmaceutical advice. This is the essential step towards the completion of academic training as it allows the consolidation of all theoretical knowledge acquired as well as establishes the first connection with the patient and the labor market.
Description
Keywords
Atenção Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade Consciência Idoso Institucionalizado Memória Orientação Perfil de Funções Mentais Específicas Perfil de Funções Mentais Globais Sono