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Abstract(s)
A polimialgia reumática é uma doença reumática inflamatória que afeta
principalmente pessoas a partir dos cinquenta anos de idade, tratando-se da segunda
patologia reumática inflamatória mais comum em idosos. Ainda assim, trata-se de uma
patologia de etiologia desconhecida, embora se julgue provável que exista influência
genética, imunológica e ambiental. Relativamente à influência ambiental, têm sido
relatados picos de incidência coincidentes entre a polimialgia reumática e diversos
vírus. Essas observações levaram a que fosse investigada uma possível etiologia viral
para esta patologia, bem como a existência de um padrão sazonal na sua incidência ou
nas suas recaídas.
Para a realização desta dissertação foram reunidos artigos através do motor de busca
pubmed, consultado de agosto de 2021 a abril de 2022. Procedeu-se, primeiro, à
caraterização da doença nos seus aspetos mais relevantes, abordando-se, de seguida, a
evidência existente em relação à influência sazonal na polimialgia reumática.
Dos dez estudos incluídos neste trabalho, cinco apresentaram um padrão sazonal,
enquanto os restantes negarem a sua existência. No entanto, mesmo entre os estudos
que identificaram um padrão sazonal as observações não foram concordantes, já que
alguns descreveram um pico de incidência no verão e outros descreveram um pico de
incidência no inverno.
Assim sendo, a evidência atual parece sugerir a inexistência de um padrão sazonal
na polimialgia reumática, embora os estudos apresentem resultados muito
heterogéneos. No futuro seria relevante, portanto, a condução de um estudo,
preferencialmente prospetivo e de maior escala, que possa produzir observações mais
robustas, reduzindo, dessa forma, a atual incerteza que rodeia esta temática.
Polymyalgia rheumatica is a rheumatic inflammatory disease that mainly affects people over fifty years of age, being the second most common inflammatory rheumatic pathology in elderly. Its aetiology is unknown, although it is believed that there may be genetic, immunological and environmental influences. Regarding the environmental influence, simultaneous peaks of incidence have been observed between polymyalgia rheumatica and several viruses. These observations led to the investigation of a possible viral aetiology for this pathology, as well as the existence of a seasonal pattern in its the incidence or relapses. For the realization of this dissertation, articles were gathered through the search engine pubmed, consulted from August 2021 to April 2022. Firstly, the disease was characterized in its most relevant aspects, followed by the evidence in relation to the seasonal influence on polymyalgia rheumatica. Of the ten studies included in this work, five showed a seasonal pattern, while the rest denied its existence. However, even among the studies that identify a seasonal pattern, observations did not agree, with some describing a peak of incidence in the summer and others describing a peak of incidence in the winter. Therefore, results seem to suggest an inexistant seasonal pattern in polymyalgia rheumatica, although the studies presented conflicting results. Therefore, it would be relevant to conduct a study, preferably prospective and on a larger scale, that could produce more robust observations and reduce the uncertainty around this matter.
Polymyalgia rheumatica is a rheumatic inflammatory disease that mainly affects people over fifty years of age, being the second most common inflammatory rheumatic pathology in elderly. Its aetiology is unknown, although it is believed that there may be genetic, immunological and environmental influences. Regarding the environmental influence, simultaneous peaks of incidence have been observed between polymyalgia rheumatica and several viruses. These observations led to the investigation of a possible viral aetiology for this pathology, as well as the existence of a seasonal pattern in its the incidence or relapses. For the realization of this dissertation, articles were gathered through the search engine pubmed, consulted from August 2021 to April 2022. Firstly, the disease was characterized in its most relevant aspects, followed by the evidence in relation to the seasonal influence on polymyalgia rheumatica. Of the ten studies included in this work, five showed a seasonal pattern, while the rest denied its existence. However, even among the studies that identify a seasonal pattern, observations did not agree, with some describing a peak of incidence in the summer and others describing a peak of incidence in the winter. Therefore, results seem to suggest an inexistant seasonal pattern in polymyalgia rheumatica, although the studies presented conflicting results. Therefore, it would be relevant to conduct a study, preferably prospective and on a larger scale, that could produce more robust observations and reduce the uncertainty around this matter.
Description
Keywords
Etiologia Incidência Padrão Sazonal Polimialgia Reumática Sazonalidade