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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em dois principais capítulos: o Capítulo I que diz
respeito à vertente de investigação e o Capítulo II onde é abordada a experiência
profissionalizante na vertente de Farmácia Comunitária.
A automedicação integra a utilização de produtos de saúde pelo próprio indivíduo, que procura
o tratamento de uma condição, devendo esta ser autolimitada, permitindo a utilização de
medicamentos que não necessitem de prescrição médica, com possibilidade de aconselhamento
por um profissional de saúde. Esta abordagem tem vantagens e desvantagens que devem ser
consideradas para cada situação individual.
A investigação realizada compreende um estudo epidemiológico observacional, descritivo e
analítico transversal, constituído por 385 estudantes inscritos nos vários anos do curso e
Doutoramento em Ciências Farmacêuticas, no ano letivo de 2018/2019. A recolha dos dados foi
realizada através de um questionário online, procedendo-se à divulgação do mesmo pelas
diversas instituições portuguesas que disponibilizam o curso, de forma a alcançar os alunos que
cumpriam os critérios de inclusão do estudo. O inquérito incluiu questões acerca do perfil
sociodemográfico e sociocultural dos participantes, da prática de automedicação, das razões
que os levaram a automedicar-se, condições, grupos terapêuticos, outros produtos de saúde e,
especificamente, os princípios ativos a que recorreram para realizar esta prática. O tratamento
dos dados foi realizado no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão
25.
A amostra é constituída por inquiridos com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 37 anos,
integrando um maior número de participantes do sexo feminino (n=329), solteiros (n=382),
residentes em meio urbano (n=231), com morada diferente da do agregado familiar (n=254),
sem seguro de saúde (n=215), que distam entre 5 e 24 minutos do hospital mais próximo (n=218)
e que não recorreram ao médico nos últimos três meses que antecederam o preenchimento do
questionário (n=197). Quanto ao estilo de vida, a maioria consome bebidas alcoólicas
esporadicamente, não fuma, não pratica atividade física mais intensa e não possui doenças
crónicas diagnosticadas.
Constatou-se que 70,1% dos estudantes recorreu à automedicação nos três meses antecedentes
ao preenchimento do questionário, sendo que o alargamento do período inquirido permitiu
obter uma percentagem ainda mais elevada (82,6%). O rápido alívio dos sintomas, o
conhecimento que consideram apresentar, a baixa gravidade da situação e a anterior obtenção
do resultado pretendido foram as principais justificações apresentadas. As condições para as
quais mais recorreram a esta prática foram a sintomatologia associada a estados gripais (15,7%),
cefaleias (10,1%), dor de garganta (9,4%), tosse (7,6%), desordens menstruais (8,5%) e febre
(7,1%). O ano de curso, por si só, influenciou a recorrência à automedicação, mas também apresentou
correlação com as fontes informativas utilizadas, razões mencionadas, com algumas condições
apresentadas e grupos terapêuticos selecionados.
O capítulo II diz respeito às atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio em Farmácia
Comunitária, entre janeiro e maio, na Farmácia Taborda, no Fundão. O estágio permitiu a
compreensão do papel do farmacêutico na prática do dia-a-dia, enquanto promotor do uso
racional do medicamento, promovendo a saúde e prevenindo a doença junto da comunidade.
The present dissertation is divided into two chapters: the first chapter (Chapter I) describes the research component and the second chapter (Chapter II) refers to the activities developed during the traineeship in Community Pharmacy. Self-medication is the use of medicines by a person seeking treatment for a health condition. This condition should be limited in time, allowing the use of over-the-counter drugs with, or without the advice of a health professional. This approach has pros and cons that must be taken into account for each situation. This research consists in an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional epidemiological study, which includes 385 students attending the course of pharmaceutical sciences, including PhD students, in the academic year 2018/2019. Data was collected using an online questionnaire distributed by the several Portuguese institutions where this course is taught. The quiz included questions about the participant's socio-demographic and sociocultural profile, self-medication practice, reasons for self-medication, health conditions, therapeutic groups, other health products used, and the specific drugs they used to conduct for selfmedication. Data treatment was performed using the SPSS statistical program, version 25. The sample had respondents aged between 18 and 37 years, containing a large number of female participants (n=329), single (n=382), urban residents (n=231), with different household address (n=254), without health insurance (n=215), which are 5 to 24 minutes away from the nearest hospital (n=218) and who haven’t attended a physician in the previous three months (n=197). As for lifestyle, most of the participants drink alcohol occasionally, don’t smoke, do not do intense physical activity and don’t have chronic diseases. It was found that 70.1% of the students had self-medicated themselves in the three months preceding the submission of the questionnaire, and the increase of the reporting period led to an even higher percentage (82.6%). The main justifications for such behavior included the rapid relief of the symptoms, the feeling of knowledge on the matter, the low severity of the situation and the self-experience in previous situations. Self-medication has been found to be common in the treatment of flu-like symptoms (15.7%), headache (10.1%), sore throat (9.4%), cough (7.6%), menstrual disorders (8.5%) and fever (7.1%). The attended course year, by itself, influences the use of self-medication, but this also correlates to the used sources of information, reasons, other conditions and selected therapeutic groups. The second chapter refers to the activities developed during the traineeship in Community Pharmacy, in Farmácia Taborda, Fundão, between January and May. During the traineeship I had the opportunity to understand the important role of a community pharmacist as a promoter of the rational use of drugs, promoting public health and preventing diseases in the community.
The present dissertation is divided into two chapters: the first chapter (Chapter I) describes the research component and the second chapter (Chapter II) refers to the activities developed during the traineeship in Community Pharmacy. Self-medication is the use of medicines by a person seeking treatment for a health condition. This condition should be limited in time, allowing the use of over-the-counter drugs with, or without the advice of a health professional. This approach has pros and cons that must be taken into account for each situation. This research consists in an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional epidemiological study, which includes 385 students attending the course of pharmaceutical sciences, including PhD students, in the academic year 2018/2019. Data was collected using an online questionnaire distributed by the several Portuguese institutions where this course is taught. The quiz included questions about the participant's socio-demographic and sociocultural profile, self-medication practice, reasons for self-medication, health conditions, therapeutic groups, other health products used, and the specific drugs they used to conduct for selfmedication. Data treatment was performed using the SPSS statistical program, version 25. The sample had respondents aged between 18 and 37 years, containing a large number of female participants (n=329), single (n=382), urban residents (n=231), with different household address (n=254), without health insurance (n=215), which are 5 to 24 minutes away from the nearest hospital (n=218) and who haven’t attended a physician in the previous three months (n=197). As for lifestyle, most of the participants drink alcohol occasionally, don’t smoke, do not do intense physical activity and don’t have chronic diseases. It was found that 70.1% of the students had self-medicated themselves in the three months preceding the submission of the questionnaire, and the increase of the reporting period led to an even higher percentage (82.6%). The main justifications for such behavior included the rapid relief of the symptoms, the feeling of knowledge on the matter, the low severity of the situation and the self-experience in previous situations. Self-medication has been found to be common in the treatment of flu-like symptoms (15.7%), headache (10.1%), sore throat (9.4%), cough (7.6%), menstrual disorders (8.5%) and fever (7.1%). The attended course year, by itself, influences the use of self-medication, but this also correlates to the used sources of information, reasons, other conditions and selected therapeutic groups. The second chapter refers to the activities developed during the traineeship in Community Pharmacy, in Farmácia Taborda, Fundão, between January and May. During the traineeship I had the opportunity to understand the important role of a community pharmacist as a promoter of the rational use of drugs, promoting public health and preventing diseases in the community.
Description
Keywords
Automedicação Ciências Farmacêuticas Estudantes Universitários Farmácia Comunitária Questionário