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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação, realizada no âmbito da unidade curricular "Estágio" do Mestrado
Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, encontra-se dividida em dois capítulos que
correspondem a uma vertente de monografia e a uma vertente de Farmácia Comunitária.
O primeiro capítulo aborda a ação da suplementação alimentar com percursores do óxido
nítrico, que têm evidenciado potenciais benefícios no contexto do desempenho físico,
função endotelial e saúde cardiovascular. De forma a identificar o efeito destes
suplementos dietéticos, a segurança e a eficácia dos mesmos em diferentes grupos, foi
realizada uma análise da literatura científica disponível, limitada a estudos ingleses de
meta-análises, ensaios clínicos e ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados entre 2012 e
2022. Após uma minuciosa seleção, de 196 artigos elegíveis para avaliação resultaram 48
artigos incluídos. Os artigos analisados foram divididos em três grandes grupos: os
realizados com população ativa, realizados com atletas de alta competição e finalmente,
os estudos em populações com desordens metabólicas. A suplementação incluiu a
administração isolada de arginina (um percursor do óxido nítrico) e a administração
combinada com outros aminoácidos, como é o exemplo da Citrulina. A suplementação
isolada de arginina em atletas de alta competição melhorou o desempenho físico em
modalidades específicas, no que toca a uma população ativa, esta não resultou em
melhorias significativas nos aspetos da recuperação muscular, mas melhorou
parametros metabólicos e marcadores endoteliais em indivíduos com intolerância à
glicose e síndrome metabólica. Por outro lado, nas desordens metabólicas, a arginina
teve um impacto positivo, exceto na restauração da sensibilidade à insulina em pessoas
com obesidade. No que toca à suplementação recorrendo a associações de outros
aminoácidos, com ou sem a arginina presente, esta mostrou apresentar benefícios no
desempenho e resistência ao exercício, com uma diminuição da sensação de fadiga e uma
resposta mais rápida ao VO2; na melhoria do desempenho cognitivo; nas desordens
metabólicas ao manter a função macro e microvascular durante a hiperglicemia e
promover a viabilidade miocárdica em indivíduos submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca; e por
fim na função endotelial, acompanhado de uma melhoria da vasodilatação quer em
resposta à FMD como em questão à VCR. Pode concluir-se então que os dados publicados
indicam que os suplementos dietéticos são seguros e eficazes em melhorar a condição
física, vascular, metabólica, cognitiva e celular dos indivíduos. O segundo capítulo engloba o conjunto de atividades desenvolvidas durante um período
de cinco meses, no estágio em Farmácia Comunitária realizado na Farmácia Porto, no
Porto, sob orientação da Dr. Adriana Osório
This dissertation, carried out within the scope of the course "Internship" of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences, is divided into two chapters corresponding to a monograph aspect and a Community Pharmacy aspect. The first chapter addresses the action of dietary supplementation with nitric oxide precursors, which have shown potential benefits in the context of physical performance, endothelial function, and cardiovascular health. The effect of these dietary supplements, their safety and efficacy in different groups were analyzed through a review of available scientific literature, limited to English studies of meta-analyses, clinical trials, and randomized clinical trials published between 2012 and 2022. Following a thorough selection process, 48 articles were included out of 196 eligible for evaluation. The analyzed articles were divided into three main groups: those conducted with active populations, those conducted with high-performance athletes, and finally, studies in populations with metabolic disorders. Supplementation included the isolated administration of arginine (a nitric oxide precursor) and administration combined with other amino acids, such as citrulline, for example. Isolated arginine supplementation in high-performance athletes improved physical performance in specific modalities; concerning the active population, the supplementation did not result in significant improvements in muscle recovery but improved metabolic parameters and endothelial markers in individuals with glucose intolerance and metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, in metabolic disorders, arginine had a positive impact except in restoring insulin sensitivity in people with obesity. Regarding supplementation using combinations of other amino acids, with or without arginine present, it showed benefits in exercise performance and endurance, with a decrease in fatigue sensation and a faster response to VO2; in improving cognitive performance; in maintaining macro and microvascular function during hyperglycemia in metabolic disorders by and promoting myocardial viability in individuals undergoing cardiac surgery; and finally, in endothelial function, by increasing vasodilation both in response to FMD and VCR. It can be concluded, therefore, that published data indicate that dietary supplements are safe and effective in improving the physical, vascular, metabolic, cognitive, and cellular condition of individuals. The second chapter encompasses the set of activities developed during a period of five months in the internship in Community Pharmacy carried out at Farmácia Porto, in Porto, under the guidance of Dr. Adriana Osório.
This dissertation, carried out within the scope of the course "Internship" of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences, is divided into two chapters corresponding to a monograph aspect and a Community Pharmacy aspect. The first chapter addresses the action of dietary supplementation with nitric oxide precursors, which have shown potential benefits in the context of physical performance, endothelial function, and cardiovascular health. The effect of these dietary supplements, their safety and efficacy in different groups were analyzed through a review of available scientific literature, limited to English studies of meta-analyses, clinical trials, and randomized clinical trials published between 2012 and 2022. Following a thorough selection process, 48 articles were included out of 196 eligible for evaluation. The analyzed articles were divided into three main groups: those conducted with active populations, those conducted with high-performance athletes, and finally, studies in populations with metabolic disorders. Supplementation included the isolated administration of arginine (a nitric oxide precursor) and administration combined with other amino acids, such as citrulline, for example. Isolated arginine supplementation in high-performance athletes improved physical performance in specific modalities; concerning the active population, the supplementation did not result in significant improvements in muscle recovery but improved metabolic parameters and endothelial markers in individuals with glucose intolerance and metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, in metabolic disorders, arginine had a positive impact except in restoring insulin sensitivity in people with obesity. Regarding supplementation using combinations of other amino acids, with or without arginine present, it showed benefits in exercise performance and endurance, with a decrease in fatigue sensation and a faster response to VO2; in improving cognitive performance; in maintaining macro and microvascular function during hyperglycemia in metabolic disorders by and promoting myocardial viability in individuals undergoing cardiac surgery; and finally, in endothelial function, by increasing vasodilation both in response to FMD and VCR. It can be concluded, therefore, that published data indicate that dietary supplements are safe and effective in improving the physical, vascular, metabolic, cognitive, and cellular condition of individuals. The second chapter encompasses the set of activities developed during a period of five months in the internship in Community Pharmacy carried out at Farmácia Porto, in Porto, under the guidance of Dr. Adriana Osório.
Description
Keywords
Arginina Atletas de
Alta Competição Citrulina Desordens Metabólicas Óxido Nítrico População Ativa Suplementos Dietéticos