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Abstract(s)
O suicídio é reconhecidamente um problema de saúde pública a nível mundial, e de acordo com Stheneur (2006) esta é a segunda causa de morte na adolescência nos países ocidentais. Sendo a adolescência um período vulnerável a este comportamento, a avaliação da ideação suicida assume especial relevância.
O objetivo principal deste estudo é caracterizar os comportamentos e identificar a presença e gravidade da ideação suicida em jovens estudantes de Santa Cruz da Graciosa, ilha situada no arquipélago dos Açores, com idades compreendidas entre os 13 e os 17 anos, procurando comparar diferentes grupos, em função do género, da idade, do estado civil, da presença de doença física/psicológica e do conhecimento de alguém que tenha pensado/tentado/concretizado o suicídio.
Foi avaliada a pertinência do estudo, que assentou essencialmente na carência de estudos nesta temática no Arquipélago dos Açores e na inexistência de qualquer investigação sobre o tema na Ilha Graciosa.
Para a recolha dos dados, utilizou-se o inquérito por questionário, autoaplicado (em tempo letivo) e confidencial, conseguindo-se 98 respostas válidas (45.79% do universo válido dos 214 alunos inicialmente identificados, da Escola Básica e Secundária de Santa Cruz da Graciosa), com a colaboração dos respetivos diretores de turma e órgãos do Conselho Executivo daquela entidade e após recolhidos os devidos consentimentos da Direção Regional da Educação e Encarregados de Educação.
Os dados foram analisados de forma qualitativa/descritiva, com recurso aos dados estatísticos. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que a maioria dos jovens manifesta ausência de ideação suicida (cerca de 80%), embora os restantes jovens tenham admitido já ter pensado no suicídio como solução para os seus problemas. Esta diferença observou-se ao nível das características sociodemográficas (sexo, idade e “estado civil”), embora em função da existência de doenças ou conhecimento de pessoas próximas que cometeram suicídio não se tenham observado diferenças significativas do ponto de vista descritivo.
Constata-se que os jovens do sexo feminino têm maior tendência para desenvolver ideação suicida e que são os jovens de 14 anos que manifestam, igualmente, essa tendência. O mesmo acontece com os jovens que não estão em nenhum relacionamento amoroso.
Apesar de cerca de 80% dos jovens inquiridos terem manifestado ausência de ideação suicida, a restante percentagem constitui uma relevância preocupante do ponto de vista clínico, tratando-se, ainda para mais, do tema sensível que se trata.
Torna-se, assim, pertinente a realização de mais estudos nesta área, particularmente na região dos Açores, que carece de dados relativos aos comportamentos suicidas na adolescência, temática esta ainda bastante substimada.
Suicide is a worldwide recognized public health problem, and according to Stheneur (2006) this is the second most common cause of death in western countries’ adolescence. Being adolescence a vulnerable period to this behaviour, the evaluation of suicidal ideation takes on special relevance. The main goal of this study is to characterize behaviours and identify the presence and severity of suicidal ideation in young students of Santa Cruz da Graciosa, island located in the Azores, with ages between 13 and 17 years old, aiming to compare different groups, taking into account the gender, age, marital status, presence of physical/psychological illness and contact with someone that thought of/tried/commited suicide. The relevance of the study was evaluated, based essentially on the lack of studies on this subject in the Azores Archipelago and on the lack of any research on the subject in Ilha Graciosa. For the data collection, the questionnaire, self-applied ( teaching períod ) and confidential was used, obtaining 98 valid answers (45.79% of the valid universe of the 214 students initially identified, from Escola Básica e Secundária de Santa Cruz da Graciosa), with the collaboration of the respective class directors and members of the Executive School Council of that entity and after having obtained the necessary consents of the Regional Director of Education and the students parents/guardians. Data were analyzed in a qualitative / descriptive way, using statistical data. The results showed that most of the young people showed no suicidal ideation (about 80%), although the remaining young people admitted that they had already considered suicide as a solution to their problems. This difference was observed at the level of socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age and "civil status"), although there were no significant differences from the descriptive point of view due to the existence of diseases or knowledge of the people who committed suicide. It is observed that young females are more likely to develop suicidal ideation, and that 14-year-olds also show this tendency. The same happens with young people who are not in any love relationship. Although 80% of the young people surveyed reported suicidal ideation, the remaining percentage is a matter of concern from a clinical point of view, and is still a sensitive issue. It is therefore pertinent to conduct more studies in this area, particularly in the Azores, which lacks data on suicidal behavior in adolescence, research theme still very underestimated.
Suicide is a worldwide recognized public health problem, and according to Stheneur (2006) this is the second most common cause of death in western countries’ adolescence. Being adolescence a vulnerable period to this behaviour, the evaluation of suicidal ideation takes on special relevance. The main goal of this study is to characterize behaviours and identify the presence and severity of suicidal ideation in young students of Santa Cruz da Graciosa, island located in the Azores, with ages between 13 and 17 years old, aiming to compare different groups, taking into account the gender, age, marital status, presence of physical/psychological illness and contact with someone that thought of/tried/commited suicide. The relevance of the study was evaluated, based essentially on the lack of studies on this subject in the Azores Archipelago and on the lack of any research on the subject in Ilha Graciosa. For the data collection, the questionnaire, self-applied ( teaching períod ) and confidential was used, obtaining 98 valid answers (45.79% of the valid universe of the 214 students initially identified, from Escola Básica e Secundária de Santa Cruz da Graciosa), with the collaboration of the respective class directors and members of the Executive School Council of that entity and after having obtained the necessary consents of the Regional Director of Education and the students parents/guardians. Data were analyzed in a qualitative / descriptive way, using statistical data. The results showed that most of the young people showed no suicidal ideation (about 80%), although the remaining young people admitted that they had already considered suicide as a solution to their problems. This difference was observed at the level of socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age and "civil status"), although there were no significant differences from the descriptive point of view due to the existence of diseases or knowledge of the people who committed suicide. It is observed that young females are more likely to develop suicidal ideation, and that 14-year-olds also show this tendency. The same happens with young people who are not in any love relationship. Although 80% of the young people surveyed reported suicidal ideation, the remaining percentage is a matter of concern from a clinical point of view, and is still a sensitive issue. It is therefore pertinent to conduct more studies in this area, particularly in the Azores, which lacks data on suicidal behavior in adolescence, research theme still very underestimated.
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Keywords
Adolescência Comportamentos Suicidas Ideação Suicida Suicídio