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Authors
Abstract(s)
A elevação do colesterol sérico total (sobretudo dos níveis de colesterol
LDL) é um factor de risco independente para as doenças cardiovasculares. A
redução deste parâmetro mostrou reduzir a incidência destas patologias em
indivíduos com dislipidémia, assim como as mortes relacionadas com as
mesmas. As recomendações actualmente seguidas na Europa elegem as
estatinas como a primeira linha na abordagem da hipercolesterolémia
refractária a medidas de alteração de estilos de vida. No entanto, esta classe
de hipocolesterolemiantes nem sempre é bem tolerada pelos pacientes. Para
além de outras ofertas da medicina tradicional, alguns compostos utilizados
como terapias alternativas têm ganho espaço e suscitado o interesse da
opinião pública. A Fitoterapia está entre essas terapias alternativas, sendo a
ciência que estuda a utilização clínica dos produtos à base de plantas
medicinais. E, apesar da evidência ainda pouco concreta no que diz respeito à
eficácia destes produtos e da regulação confusa do mercado paralelo a que se
associa, a verdade é que este é um sector em franco crescimento e um desafio
à prática médica. O extracto de arroz fermentado por Monascus purpureus é
um dos fitomedicamentos hipocolesterolemiantes que esta medicina alternativa
oferece.
Os principais objectivos deste trabalho são: perceber o impacto das
doenças cardiovasculares; abordar o risco cardiovascular e a forma como a
hipercolesterolémia contribui para o processo aterosclerótico; focar a
importância das estatinas na abordagem da hipercolesterolémia, assim como
as suas limitações; perceber o que é a Fitoterapia e sua metodologia, bases
legais e controlo de mercado dos produtos fitoterápicos. Por fim pretende-se
analisar a evidência actual sobre o efeito do extracto de arroz fermentado por
M. purpureus na hipercolesterolémia.
The elevation of serum total cholesterol (mainly the levels of LDL cholesterol) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The reduction of this parameter has shown the ability to decrease the incidence of this pathology in dyslipidemic subjects, as well as related deaths. Current European guidelines adopt statins as gold standard in the treatment of life changes resistant hypercholesterolemia. However, this class of medication is not always well tolerated by patient. Besides other traditional medicine’s drugs, some compounds used as alternative treatment are rising in the market and gaining the interest of the public opinion. Phytotherapy is one of those alternative therapies. This science studies the clinic application of medicinal plants extracts. Besides the little efficacy evidence and the confused market regulation, this is a sector in great expansion and a challenge to medical practice. The extract of rice fermented by Monascus purpureus is a phytomedication used to reduce cholesterol offered by this alternative therapy. The main objectives of this study are: to understand cardiovascular disease impact; to explore the cardiovascular risk and the way hypercholesterolemia contribute to the atherosclerotic process; to highlight the status of statins on management of hypercholesterolemia, as well as their limitations; to understand what is phytoterapy and its methodology, legal issues and market control. At last, the recent evidence about the effect of rice fermented by M. purpureus extract in hypercholesterolemia will be analised.
The elevation of serum total cholesterol (mainly the levels of LDL cholesterol) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The reduction of this parameter has shown the ability to decrease the incidence of this pathology in dyslipidemic subjects, as well as related deaths. Current European guidelines adopt statins as gold standard in the treatment of life changes resistant hypercholesterolemia. However, this class of medication is not always well tolerated by patient. Besides other traditional medicine’s drugs, some compounds used as alternative treatment are rising in the market and gaining the interest of the public opinion. Phytotherapy is one of those alternative therapies. This science studies the clinic application of medicinal plants extracts. Besides the little efficacy evidence and the confused market regulation, this is a sector in great expansion and a challenge to medical practice. The extract of rice fermented by Monascus purpureus is a phytomedication used to reduce cholesterol offered by this alternative therapy. The main objectives of this study are: to understand cardiovascular disease impact; to explore the cardiovascular risk and the way hypercholesterolemia contribute to the atherosclerotic process; to highlight the status of statins on management of hypercholesterolemia, as well as their limitations; to understand what is phytoterapy and its methodology, legal issues and market control. At last, the recent evidence about the effect of rice fermented by M. purpureus extract in hypercholesterolemia will be analised.
Description
Keywords
Doenças cardiovasculares Doenças cardiovasculares - Terapias alternativas Doenças cardiovasculares - Fitoterapias Doenças cardiovasculares - Risco Hipercolesterolémia
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Universidade da Beira Interior