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A presente dissertação encontra-se inserida na unidade curricular Estágio Curricular do Mestrado Integrado de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Deste trabalho constam duas partes: a primeira referente ao trabalho de pesquisa bibliográfica, uma revisão da literatura no âmbito da fitoquímica e propriedades farmacológicas do Geranium, bem como a sua potencial aplicação na medicina tradicional; e uma segunda parte que aborda o relatório de estágio curricular que realizei em farmácia comunitária.
O primeiro capítulo intitula-se de “O género Geranium: usos na medicina tradicional, fitoquímica e propriedades farmacológicas”. O Geranium constitui o género de plantas mais representativo da família Geraniaceae e encontra-se distribuído por todo o mundo. Em Portugal estão identificadas doze espécies. Há milénios que as plantas são usadas no tratamento e prevenção de diversas patologias, existindo registo da utilização empírica de extratos de Geranium, bem como do seu óleo essencial. Atualmente, estudos in vitro e in vivo apontam para um vasto leque de propriedades atribuídas às espécies de Geranium, a nível antioxidante, anti-inflamatório e antinocicetivo, gastroprotetor, antidiabético, antimicrobiano e antitumoral/antiproliferativo. Os autores são unânimes em considerar que tais propriedades residem nos componentes químicos das plantas, como compostos fenólicos, flavonóides, ácidos fenólicos, taninos e terpenos, encontrados na composição do óleo essencial de Geranium. Atendendo à ampla disponibilidade das plantas a nível mundial e uma vez que, cada vez mais, se vem desenvolvendo resistências a fármacos, sobretudo antimicrobianos, justifica-se que estudos adicionais sejam desenvolvidos nesta área, nomeadamente no que concerne às propriedades biológicas na saúde do homem, sem escamotear a biossegurança da sua aplicação.
O segundo capítulo é referente ao estágio curricular que desenvolvi na farmácia Paixão, em Trancoso, num total de oitocentas horas. Nesta componente são descritas as competências técnicas desenvolvidas no âmbito da realidade farmacêutica, bem como a atual situação a nível financeiro, legal e técnico das farmácias em Portugal.
The present dissertation is part of a curricular unit named Internship of Integrated Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences. This work consists of two parts: the first one concerning a bibliographical revision in the scope of the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Geranium, as well as it potential application in traditional medicine; and a second part referent to curricular internship report that I did in community pharmacy. The first chapter is entitled "The genus Geranium: uses in traditional medicine, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties". Geranium is the most representative plant genus of the Geraniaceae family and is distributed all over the world. Twelve species are identified in Portugal. For years, plants have been used in the treatment and prevention of several pathologies, with records of the empirical use of extracts of Geranium as well as their essential oil. Currently, in vitro and in vivo studies point to a wide range of properties attributed to Geranium species at antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinocicetive, gastroprotective, antidiabetic, antimicrobial and anti-tumor/antiproliferative levels. The authors are unanimous considering that such properties are due to chemical components, like phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins and terpenes, found in the composition of Geranium essential oil. Given the wide availability of plants worldwide, especially in developing countries, and as drug resistance, especially antimicrobial resistance, is developing, additional studies are needed in this area, particularly regarding to biological effects on human health, without forgetting the biosafety of its application. The second chapter refers to the curricular internship I developed at the Paixão pharmacy in Trancoso, a total of eight hundred hours. In this component it is described the technical skills developed within the scope of the pharmaceutical reality, as well as the current financial, legal and technical situation of pharmacies in Portugal.
The present dissertation is part of a curricular unit named Internship of Integrated Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences. This work consists of two parts: the first one concerning a bibliographical revision in the scope of the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Geranium, as well as it potential application in traditional medicine; and a second part referent to curricular internship report that I did in community pharmacy. The first chapter is entitled "The genus Geranium: uses in traditional medicine, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties". Geranium is the most representative plant genus of the Geraniaceae family and is distributed all over the world. Twelve species are identified in Portugal. For years, plants have been used in the treatment and prevention of several pathologies, with records of the empirical use of extracts of Geranium as well as their essential oil. Currently, in vitro and in vivo studies point to a wide range of properties attributed to Geranium species at antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinocicetive, gastroprotective, antidiabetic, antimicrobial and anti-tumor/antiproliferative levels. The authors are unanimous considering that such properties are due to chemical components, like phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins and terpenes, found in the composition of Geranium essential oil. Given the wide availability of plants worldwide, especially in developing countries, and as drug resistance, especially antimicrobial resistance, is developing, additional studies are needed in this area, particularly regarding to biological effects on human health, without forgetting the biosafety of its application. The second chapter refers to the curricular internship I developed at the Paixão pharmacy in Trancoso, a total of eight hundred hours. In this component it is described the technical skills developed within the scope of the pharmaceutical reality, as well as the current financial, legal and technical situation of pharmacies in Portugal.
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Keywords
Atividade Biológica Atividade Farmacológica Compostos Fenólicos Farmácia Comunitária Geranium Óleo Essencial Plantas Medicinais