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Authors
Andrade, Silveli Cristo de
Abstract(s)
O objetivo deste estudo foi (i) identificar e validar, estatisticamente, os elementos
que compõem o fenômeno spillovers de conhecimento, os construtos que
representam seus antecedentes (inputs), as barreiras aos spillovers de
conhecimento, e os seus efeitos (outputs) nas organizações; (ii) sob a perspectiva
do empreendedorismo estratégico, desenvolver e testar um modelo que
demonstrasse: a) a influência dos antecedentes (inputs) dos spillovers de
conhecimento no fenômeno spillovers de conhecimento nas organizações; b) a
influência dos spillovers de conhecimento e seus efeitos (outputs) nas
organizações; c) o efeito mediador das barreiras aos spillovers de conhecimento
nas relações entre o fenômeno spillovers de conhecimento e os seus efeitos
(outputs).
Como base teórica, é preciso considerar que o conhecimento é um elemento
relevante para as organizações alcançarem competitividade em seus respectivos
mercados. Sobre isso, a Teoria dos Spillovers de Conhecimento para o
Empreendedorismo vem indicando os caminhos que podem proporcionar uma
melhor compreensão do fenômeno spillovers de conhecimento. Deste modo, para
ampliar o conhecimento desse fenômeno, optou-se por dois tipos de pesquisas:
qualitativa e quantitativa.
Na pesquisa qualitativa foram utilizados dados primários, coletados por roteiro de
entrevistas a 20 gestores, e interpretada por análise de conteúdo. Os resultados
permitiram identicar os antecedentes dos spillovers de conhecimento, os spillovers
de conhecimento, e os efeitos dos spillovers de conhecimento - cada um com 23
variáveis - e as barreiras aos spillovers de conhecimento com 21. As variáveis
identificadas constituíram os elementos fundamentais do fenômeno spillovers de
conhecimento, seus antecedentes, efeitos e barreiras.
Nas duas seguintes pesquisas, também quantitativas, foram utilizados igualmente
dados primários, obtidos através de aplicações de questionários, alcançando-se
amostras de 238 e 257 respondentes respectivamente. Para estimar os resultados
utilizou-se, na primeira, uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e na segunda,
recorreu-se à Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (SEM-PLS). Os resultados da
AFE deram origem a onze construtos: três que representam os antecedentes aos
spillovers de conhecimento, dois que representam o fenômeno em si, três que
representam os efeitos do fenômeno, e três que representam as barreiras aos spillovers de conhecimento. A partir desses construtos, foi ainda possível
desenvolver um modelo que evidencia as relações entre tais construtos. Após as
análises da SEM-PLS, obteve-se que dentre as nove hipóteses propostas, apenas a
hipótese referente ao efeito da iniciativa dos profissionais sobre os spillovers de
conhecimento não foi suportada. Concluiu-se que a preocupação com
oportunidades de novos conhecimentos tende a anteceder o fenômeno spillovers
de conhecimento, afetando-o positivamente. Esse fenômeno, impacta os resultados
organizacionais, que tendem a ser aperfeiçoamentos internos e ganhos estratégicos
e de performance. As barreiras demonstraram possuir um papel mediador ao
fenômeno spillovers de conhecimento. A principal contribuição do estudo foi a
construção de uma ferramenta - Escala dos Spillovers de Conhecimento, capaz de
medir este fenômeno nas organizações.
The objective of this study was (i) to identify and statistically validate the elements that make up the knowledge spillover phenomenon, the constructs that represent its antecedents (inputs), barriers to knowledge spillovers, and its effects (outputs) in organizations ; (ii) from the perspective of strategic entrepreneurship, develop and test a model that demonstrates: a) the influence of the antecedents (inputs) of knowledge spillovers on the knowledge spillover phenomenon in organizations; b) the influence of knowledge spillovers and their effects (outputs) on organizations; c) the mediating effect of barriers to knowledge spillovers in the relationship between the knowledge spillover phenomenon and its effects (outputs). As a theoretical basis, it is necessary to consider that knowledge is a relevant element for organizations to achieve competitiveness in their respective markets. In this regard, the Knowledge Spillover Theory for Entrepreneurship indicates the paths that can provide a better understanding of the knowledge spillover phenomenon. Thus, to expand the knowledge of this phenomenon, two types of research were chosen: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative research, primary data were used, collected through interviews with 20 managers, and interpreted by content analysis. The results allowed us to identify the antecedents of knowledge spillovers, knowledge spillovers, and knowledge spillover effects - each with 23 variables - and barriers to knowledge spillovers with 21. The identified variables constituted the essential elements of the spillover phenomenon of knowledge, its antecedents, effects and barriers. In the following two surveys, also quantitative, primary data were also used, obtained through the application of questionnaires, reaching samples of 238 and 257 respondents, respectively. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used in the first to estimate the results, and in the second, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) was used. The EFA results gave rise to eleven constructs: three represent antecedents to knowledge spillovers, two represent the phenomenon itself, three represent the effects of the phenomenon, and three represent barriers to knowledge spillovers. It was also possible to develop a model that highlights the relationships between such constructs. After the SEM-PLS analyses, it was found that among the nine proposed hypotheses, only the hypothesis referring to the effect of the professionals' initiative on knowledge spillovers was not supported. It was concluded that the concern with opportunities for new knowledge tends to precede the knowledge spillovers phenomenon, affecting it positively. This phenomenon impacts organizational results, which tend to be internal improvements and strategic and performance gains. The barriers demonstrated to have a mediating role in the knowledge spillovers phenomenon. The study’s contribution was the construction of a tool - Knowledge Spillovers Scale, capable of measuring this phenomenon in organizations.
The objective of this study was (i) to identify and statistically validate the elements that make up the knowledge spillover phenomenon, the constructs that represent its antecedents (inputs), barriers to knowledge spillovers, and its effects (outputs) in organizations ; (ii) from the perspective of strategic entrepreneurship, develop and test a model that demonstrates: a) the influence of the antecedents (inputs) of knowledge spillovers on the knowledge spillover phenomenon in organizations; b) the influence of knowledge spillovers and their effects (outputs) on organizations; c) the mediating effect of barriers to knowledge spillovers in the relationship between the knowledge spillover phenomenon and its effects (outputs). As a theoretical basis, it is necessary to consider that knowledge is a relevant element for organizations to achieve competitiveness in their respective markets. In this regard, the Knowledge Spillover Theory for Entrepreneurship indicates the paths that can provide a better understanding of the knowledge spillover phenomenon. Thus, to expand the knowledge of this phenomenon, two types of research were chosen: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative research, primary data were used, collected through interviews with 20 managers, and interpreted by content analysis. The results allowed us to identify the antecedents of knowledge spillovers, knowledge spillovers, and knowledge spillover effects - each with 23 variables - and barriers to knowledge spillovers with 21. The identified variables constituted the essential elements of the spillover phenomenon of knowledge, its antecedents, effects and barriers. In the following two surveys, also quantitative, primary data were also used, obtained through the application of questionnaires, reaching samples of 238 and 257 respondents, respectively. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used in the first to estimate the results, and in the second, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) was used. The EFA results gave rise to eleven constructs: three represent antecedents to knowledge spillovers, two represent the phenomenon itself, three represent the effects of the phenomenon, and three represent barriers to knowledge spillovers. It was also possible to develop a model that highlights the relationships between such constructs. After the SEM-PLS analyses, it was found that among the nine proposed hypotheses, only the hypothesis referring to the effect of the professionals' initiative on knowledge spillovers was not supported. It was concluded that the concern with opportunities for new knowledge tends to precede the knowledge spillovers phenomenon, affecting it positively. This phenomenon impacts organizational results, which tend to be internal improvements and strategic and performance gains. The barriers demonstrated to have a mediating role in the knowledge spillovers phenomenon. The study’s contribution was the construction of a tool - Knowledge Spillovers Scale, capable of measuring this phenomenon in organizations.
Description
Keywords
Spillovers de conhecimento Efeitos dos Spillovers de Conhecimento Antecedentes aos Spillovers de Conhecimento Escala dos Spillovers de Conhecimento Barreiras aos Spillovers de Conhecimento Empreendedorismo estratégico