| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.41 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O conceito de Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde (QVRS) e os seus
determinantes abrangem os aspetos da qualidade de vida (QV) que afetam a saúde física e/ou
mental de um indivíduo ou grupo. A avaliação da QVRS tornou-se uma parte fundamental da
vigilância e ação em saúde pública. Por isso, tentando simplificar a complexidade da noção de
qualidade de vida e da sua relatividade, várias ferramentas, de caráter genérico e específico,
têm sido construídas e utilizadas pela comunidade académica portuguesa para estudar o
impacto que determinadas patologias/intervenções têm na QVRS da população portuguesa.
Objetivo: Avaliar de que forma a comunidade académica portuguesa estuda o tema QVRS,
nomeadamente os instrumentos utilizados para a avaliar e as patologias/intervenções mais
abordadas.
Metodologia: Nesta revisão sistemática, a pesquisa foi realizada na base de dados
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto em Portugal (RCAAP). A pesquisa foi restrita a
trabalhos escritos em inglês, espanhol e português e publicados entre 2013 e 2022. A data da
última pesquisa foi a 16 de dezembro de 2022. A avaliação da qualidade dos trabalhos foi feita
utilizando a ferramenta de Hawker et al. Foram incluídas monografias de licenciatura,
dissertações e teses realizadas por alunos de instituições de ensino superior portuguesas, em
que a QVRS fosse avaliada através da aplicação de um instrumento/questionário.
Resultados: Da pesquisa da base de dados foram obtidos 3405 trabalhos. Após leitura do
título e resumo, foram excluídos 3176 trabalhos. Foram excluídos 50 trabalhos depois da
leitura completa dos trabalhos. A qualidade destes foi avaliada através da ferramenta de
Hawker et al e todos os 179 trabalhos foram incluídos no estudo. A maioria dos estudos
utilizava uma metodologia observacional transversal, com uma amostragem não
probabilística. Grande parte dos estudos tinha amostras pequenas. Os estudos mais frequentes
foram no âmbito da Reumatologia e Ortopedia, seguidos de perto pela Oncologia,
Endocrinologia e Neurologia. As patologias específicas abordadas, foram predominantemente
crónicas, com destaque para a Diabetes Mellitus, cancro da mama, doença renal crónica, VIH,
asma, AVC, artroses, HTA e patologias do foro da saúde oral que levassem ao uso de prótese
dentária. Os instrumentos de avaliação da QVRS utilizados foram, predominantemente,
específicos. Das escalas genéricas, destacaram-se a EQ-5D, o SF-36 e o WHOQOL-Bref. Das
escalas específicas em relação à patologia em estudo, destacaram-se EORTC QLQ-C30 (na
oncologia), QOL-AD e EQVE-AVC (na neurologia), KDQOL-SF (na nefrologia), WHOQOL-HIV-Bref (na infeciologia), DHP-18 (na endocrinologia), Escala de Avaliação da Qualidade de
Vida do Paciente Ostomizado, IMPACT-III e GIQLI (na gastroenterologia), MINICHAL (na
cardiologia), PAQLQ e CFQ-R (na pneumologia), OHIP (na saúde oral) e DLQI (na
dermatologia). Das escalas específicas em relação à idade, destacaram-se PedsQL e
KIDSCREEN, PAQLQ e IMPACT-III, na população pediátrica; e SarQOL, WHOQOL-OLD e
GOHAI, na população idosa.
Conclusão: No geral, os instrumentos de avaliação da QVRS utilizados têm demonstrada
qualidade e estão validados pela restante comunidade científica nacional e internacional. A
principal limitação dos estudos foi o tamanho amostral reduzido e a escassez de literatura
científica sobre o tema. No futuro, seria importante a criação de mais instrumentos específicos
e a tradução e adaptação cultural dos já existentes, bem como a realização de mais estudos com
metodologia semelhante entre si e com amostras maiores que permita colmatar as falhas
identificadas na literatura.
Introduction: The concept of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and its determinants cover aspects of quality of life (QoL) that affect the physical and/or mental health of an individual or group. HRQOL assessment has become a fundamental part for surveillance and action in the field of public health. Therefore, to synthesize the complexity of the notion of quality of life and its relativity, several instruments, generic and specific, have been constructed and used by the Portuguese academic community to study the impact that certain pathologies/interventions have on the portuguese population's HRQoL. Objective: Evaluate how the Portuguese academic community studies the HRQoL theme, namely the instruments used to assess it and the most addressed pathologies/interventions. Methodology: In this systematic review, the search was carried out in the Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto em Portugal (RCAAP) database. The search was restricted to articles written in English, Spanish and Portuguese and published between 2013 and 2022. The date of the last search was December 16, 2022. The quality assessment of the articles was performed using the tool by Hawker et al. Literature monographs, dissertations and theses written by students from Portuguese higher education institutions were included, in which HRQoL was assessed through the application of an instrument/questionnaire. Results: From the database search, 3405 studies were obtained. After reading the title and abstract, 3176 studies were excluded. 50 studies were excluded after the complete reading of the studies. Their quality was assessed using the Hawker et al tool and all 179 studies were included in the study. Most studies used a cross-sectional observational method, with nonprobabilistic sampling. Most of the studies had small samples. The most frequent studies were in the field of Rheumatology and Orthopedics, closely followed by Oncology, Endocrinology and Neurology. The specific pathologies addressed were predominantly chronic, with emphasis on Diabetes Mellitus, breast cancer, chronic kidney disease, HIV, asthma, stroke, arthrosis, hypertension, and oral health pathologies that led to the use of dental prostheses. The HRQoL assessment tools used were predominantly specific. Of the generic scales, the EQ-5D, the SF-36 and the WHOQOL-Bref stood out. Of the specific scales in relation to the pathology under study, EORTC QLQ-C30 (in oncology) , QOL-AD and EQVE-AVC (in neurology), KDQOL-SF (in nephrology), WHOQOL-HIV-Bref (in infectiology), DHP-18 (in endocrinology), Ostomized Patient Quality of Life Assessment Scale, IMPACT-III and GIQLI (in gastroenterology), MINICHAL (in cardiology), PAQLQ and CFQ-R (in pneumology), OHIP (in oral health) and DLQI (in dermatoogy) stood out. Of the specific age-related scales, PedsQL and KIDSCREEN, PAQLQ and IMPACT-III stood out, in the pediatric population; and SarQOL, WHOQOL-OLD and GOHAI, in the elderly population. Conclusion: In general, the HRQoL assessment tools used have demonstrated quality and are validated by the rest of the national and international scientific community. The main limitation of the studies was the reduced sample size and the scarcity of scientific literature on the subject. In the future, it would be important to create more specific instruments and to translate and culturally adapt the existing ones, as well as to conduct more studies with similar method and with larger samples that would allow to fill in the gaps identified in the literature.
Introduction: The concept of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and its determinants cover aspects of quality of life (QoL) that affect the physical and/or mental health of an individual or group. HRQOL assessment has become a fundamental part for surveillance and action in the field of public health. Therefore, to synthesize the complexity of the notion of quality of life and its relativity, several instruments, generic and specific, have been constructed and used by the Portuguese academic community to study the impact that certain pathologies/interventions have on the portuguese population's HRQoL. Objective: Evaluate how the Portuguese academic community studies the HRQoL theme, namely the instruments used to assess it and the most addressed pathologies/interventions. Methodology: In this systematic review, the search was carried out in the Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto em Portugal (RCAAP) database. The search was restricted to articles written in English, Spanish and Portuguese and published between 2013 and 2022. The date of the last search was December 16, 2022. The quality assessment of the articles was performed using the tool by Hawker et al. Literature monographs, dissertations and theses written by students from Portuguese higher education institutions were included, in which HRQoL was assessed through the application of an instrument/questionnaire. Results: From the database search, 3405 studies were obtained. After reading the title and abstract, 3176 studies were excluded. 50 studies were excluded after the complete reading of the studies. Their quality was assessed using the Hawker et al tool and all 179 studies were included in the study. Most studies used a cross-sectional observational method, with nonprobabilistic sampling. Most of the studies had small samples. The most frequent studies were in the field of Rheumatology and Orthopedics, closely followed by Oncology, Endocrinology and Neurology. The specific pathologies addressed were predominantly chronic, with emphasis on Diabetes Mellitus, breast cancer, chronic kidney disease, HIV, asthma, stroke, arthrosis, hypertension, and oral health pathologies that led to the use of dental prostheses. The HRQoL assessment tools used were predominantly specific. Of the generic scales, the EQ-5D, the SF-36 and the WHOQOL-Bref stood out. Of the specific scales in relation to the pathology under study, EORTC QLQ-C30 (in oncology) , QOL-AD and EQVE-AVC (in neurology), KDQOL-SF (in nephrology), WHOQOL-HIV-Bref (in infectiology), DHP-18 (in endocrinology), Ostomized Patient Quality of Life Assessment Scale, IMPACT-III and GIQLI (in gastroenterology), MINICHAL (in cardiology), PAQLQ and CFQ-R (in pneumology), OHIP (in oral health) and DLQI (in dermatoogy) stood out. Of the specific age-related scales, PedsQL and KIDSCREEN, PAQLQ and IMPACT-III stood out, in the pediatric population; and SarQOL, WHOQOL-OLD and GOHAI, in the elderly population. Conclusion: In general, the HRQoL assessment tools used have demonstrated quality and are validated by the rest of the national and international scientific community. The main limitation of the studies was the reduced sample size and the scarcity of scientific literature on the subject. In the future, it would be important to create more specific instruments and to translate and culturally adapt the existing ones, as well as to conduct more studies with similar method and with larger samples that would allow to fill in the gaps identified in the literature.
Description
Keywords
Avaliação Escalas Qualidade de Vida Qvrs Saúde