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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A emoção é uma alteração temporária do estado afetivo que pode ser
desencadeada por estímulos, de que são exemplo os sons, e que resulta da avaliação do meio
em termos da combinação de perceção, atenção e memória. Após o processamento do valor
emocional do estímulo em distintos circuitos corticais e subcorticais, surgem alterações
fisiológicas, da atividade cerebral e da consciência.
Métodos: Utilizando a eletroencefalografia, este estudo propôs-se a avaliar as respostas
emocionais ao som nas regiões frontotemporais e occipitais, procurando padrões
específicos de resposta emocional relativos a sons que transmitem emoções positivas e sons
que transmitem emoções negativas. Os doze voluntários incluídos no estudo foram
divididos em dois grupos utilizando como critérios o sexo, o curso e o valor obtido na Escala
de Alexitimia de Toronto. Definiu-se aleatoriamente o tipo de estímulo auditivo, positivo ou
negativo, para cada grupo. O registo eletroencefalográfico foi realizado antes e após
estimulação auditiva com um conjunto de sons normativos da base de dados International
Affective Digital Sounds. Avaliaram-se os seguintes parâmetros nos segmentos registados:
valor de frequência com máxima amplitude e valor de máxima amplitude nos elétrodos O1
e O2 na banda alfa e nos elétrodos F7 e F8 na banda gama. Após o registo
eletroencefalográfico, cada participante classificou a carga emocional experienciada através
da escala Self-Assessment Manikin.
Resultados: Sons positivos despoletaram diminuição da frequência da banda alfa na região
occipital direita (p-value de 0,011) e diminuição da amplitude da banda gama na região
frontotemporal esquerda (p-value de 0,042), enquanto sons negativos despoletaram
aumento da frequência da banda gama na região frontotemporal esquerda (p-value de
0,008).
Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos para clarificar o envolvimento de determinadas
áreas cerebrais nas respostas emocionais e, possivelmente, tratar patologias relacionadas
com distúrbios nas vias de processamento emocional através da sua modulação com recurso
à estimulação magnética transcraniana.
Introduction: Emotion is a temporary change in affect state that can be elicited by stimuli, of which sounds are examples, and results from the evaluation of the setting by combining perception, attention and memory. After processing the emotional value of the stimulus in different cortical and subcortical circuits, physiological changes, variations in brain activity and consciousness arise. Methods: By using electroencephalography, this study aimed to evaluate the emotional responses to sound in the frontotemporal and occipital regions, looking for specific patterns of emotional response related to sounds that transmit positive emotions and sounds that transmit negative emotions. The twelve volunteers included in this study were divided into two groups using gender, undergraduate course and value obtained on the Toronto Alexitimia Scale as criteria. The type of auditory stimulus, positive or negative, was randomly defined for each group. Electroencephalographic recording was performed before and after auditory stimulation with a set of normative sounds from the International Affective Digital Sounds database. The following parameters were evaluated in the registered segments: frequency value with maximum amplitude and maximum amplitude value in the O1 and O2 electrodes in the alpha band and in the F7 and F8 electrodes in the gamma band. After the electroencephalographic recording, each participant rated the emotional experience using the Manikin Self-Assessment scale. Results: Positive sounds elicited a decrease in alpha band frequency in the right occipital region (p-value of 0,011) and a decrease in gamma band amplitude in the left frontotemporal region (p-value of 0,042), while negative sounds elicited an increase in gamma band frequency in the left frontotemporal region (p-value of 0,008). Conclusion: Further studies are needed to clarify the contribution of certain brain areas in emotional responses and possibly treat pathologies related to disorders in the emotional processing pathways through their modulation using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Introduction: Emotion is a temporary change in affect state that can be elicited by stimuli, of which sounds are examples, and results from the evaluation of the setting by combining perception, attention and memory. After processing the emotional value of the stimulus in different cortical and subcortical circuits, physiological changes, variations in brain activity and consciousness arise. Methods: By using electroencephalography, this study aimed to evaluate the emotional responses to sound in the frontotemporal and occipital regions, looking for specific patterns of emotional response related to sounds that transmit positive emotions and sounds that transmit negative emotions. The twelve volunteers included in this study were divided into two groups using gender, undergraduate course and value obtained on the Toronto Alexitimia Scale as criteria. The type of auditory stimulus, positive or negative, was randomly defined for each group. Electroencephalographic recording was performed before and after auditory stimulation with a set of normative sounds from the International Affective Digital Sounds database. The following parameters were evaluated in the registered segments: frequency value with maximum amplitude and maximum amplitude value in the O1 and O2 electrodes in the alpha band and in the F7 and F8 electrodes in the gamma band. After the electroencephalographic recording, each participant rated the emotional experience using the Manikin Self-Assessment scale. Results: Positive sounds elicited a decrease in alpha band frequency in the right occipital region (p-value of 0,011) and a decrease in gamma band amplitude in the left frontotemporal region (p-value of 0,042), while negative sounds elicited an increase in gamma band frequency in the left frontotemporal region (p-value of 0,008). Conclusion: Further studies are needed to clarify the contribution of certain brain areas in emotional responses and possibly treat pathologies related to disorders in the emotional processing pathways through their modulation using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Description
Keywords
Atividade Alfa Atividade Beta Eletroencefalografia Emoções Sistema Límbico Som