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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente documento foi realizado no contexto da Unidade Curricular de Estágio do
Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Este é composto por três capítulos:
Capítulo I, com a componente de investigação, Capítulo II onde relato o meu estágio na
área da farmácia hospitalar e o Capítulo III, com a descrição da minha experiência na
farmácia comunitária.
O capítulo I, que é referente à componente de investigação, aborda a análise de
marcadores metabólicos do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), através da ressonância
magnética nuclear (RMN). O AVC é uma das principais causas de morte e de morbilidade
por todo o mundo e, é descrito pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) como um
comprometimento neurológico que se desenvolve rapidamente e que, pode ter sintomas
que duram para lá das 24 horas. O AVC pode ser dividido em isquémico, resultante da
obstrução de uma artéria, e em hemorrágico. O AVC isquémico será o alvo de estudo
deste trabalho. Procedemos à recolha de plasma de indivíduos presentes em lares de
idosos, juntamente com alguma informação dos mesmos, nomeadamente a idade, o
género, condições médicas, fármacos utilizados etc. Estes indivíduos foram
posteriormente divididos em dois grupos: os que nunca tinham sofrido AVC e, o que já
sofreram. Para a obtenção dos espetros dos metabolitos presentes no plasma, utilizamos
o espetrómetro de RMN Bruker AVANCE III 600 Mhz. Com isto, encontrámos
diferenças entre o grupo controlo e o grupo AVC, em 6 dos 31 metabolitos estudados,
sendo que 4 possuem concentrações relativas menores no grupo AVC, e 2 concentrações
relativas maiores. Assim, estes resultados indicam-nos que estes metabolitos
demonstram potencial para serem biomarcadores para a deteção precoce de AVC e,
assim, permitir uma implementação mais antecipada das terapêuticas preventivas e,
assim, minimizar a mortalidade e a morbilidade associada a esta patologia.
O Capítulo II diz respeito ao estágio em farmácia hospitalar realizado nos Serviços
Farmacêuticos do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Cova da Beira, na Covilhã, entre o
dia 6 de fevereiro e 31 de março, sob a orientação da Drª Maria Olímpia Fonseca. Aqui
relato as atividades que desempenhei, as funções que cada farmacêutico possui em cada
setor hospitalar e a minha análise SWOT referente a cada setor.
O Capítulo III, aborda a minha experiência na farmácia comunitária, tendo realizado o
estágio na Farmácia Moderna, na Guarda, entre os dias 3 de abril e 23 de junho, com a orientação da Drª Vanina Nunes. À semelhança do capítulo anterior, relato as minhas
tarefas enquanto estagiária o funcionamento da farmácia e, as funções e
responsabilidades dos farmacêuticos comunitários.
This document was prepared as part of the Curricular Unit Internship of the Integrated Master’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences. It is divided in three parts: Chapter I, with the research part, Chapter II where I report my internship in the hospital pharmacy area, and Chapter III, with the description of my experience in community pharmacy. Chapter I, which refers to the research component, consisted in the analysis of metabolic markers for ischemic stroke, trough nuclear magnetic resonance. Stroke is one of the main causes of death and morbidity, all over the world., It is described, by the World Health Organization, as a neurological damage that develops quickly and may have symptoms that last longer than 24 hours. Stroke can be ischemic, and happens when an artery is occluded, or haemorrhagic. The first is the more common type and the one we studied. We collect plasma form elderly residents in nursing homes and daycare centres, together with some personal and clinical information about them, like age, gender, medical conditions, and drugs’ use. Two research groups were created: those who had not had a stroke and those who had ischemic stroke. We used NMR to find and measure the metabolites present in plasma. A Bruker AVANCE III 600 Mhz NMR spectrometer was used to obtain the biological samples’ NMR spectra. With this, we detected difference between the control group and the stroke group, in 6 of 31 metabolites. In comparasion to the control group, we found that the concentration of 4 metabolites were lower and the concentration of 2 metabolites were higher. These results show us that these metabolites may be potential biomarkers for ischemic stroke, allowing an earlier implementation of preventive therapies and, with this, minimize the mortality and morbidity associated with this disease. Chapter II is related to the internship in hospital pharmacy that took place in Pharmaceutical Services of Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, in Covilhã, between February 6th and March 31st, under the guidance of Drª Maria Olímpia Fonseca. Here I report the activities I performed, the functions that each pharmacist has in each pharmacy sector and my SWOT analysis for each sector. Chapter III describes my experience in the community pharmacy, at Farmácia Moderna, in Guarda, between April 3rd and June 23rd, with the guidance of Drª Vanina Nunes. As in the previous chapter, I describe my tasks as an intern, the operation of the pharmacy, and the roles and responsibilities of community pharmacists.
This document was prepared as part of the Curricular Unit Internship of the Integrated Master’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences. It is divided in three parts: Chapter I, with the research part, Chapter II where I report my internship in the hospital pharmacy area, and Chapter III, with the description of my experience in community pharmacy. Chapter I, which refers to the research component, consisted in the analysis of metabolic markers for ischemic stroke, trough nuclear magnetic resonance. Stroke is one of the main causes of death and morbidity, all over the world., It is described, by the World Health Organization, as a neurological damage that develops quickly and may have symptoms that last longer than 24 hours. Stroke can be ischemic, and happens when an artery is occluded, or haemorrhagic. The first is the more common type and the one we studied. We collect plasma form elderly residents in nursing homes and daycare centres, together with some personal and clinical information about them, like age, gender, medical conditions, and drugs’ use. Two research groups were created: those who had not had a stroke and those who had ischemic stroke. We used NMR to find and measure the metabolites present in plasma. A Bruker AVANCE III 600 Mhz NMR spectrometer was used to obtain the biological samples’ NMR spectra. With this, we detected difference between the control group and the stroke group, in 6 of 31 metabolites. In comparasion to the control group, we found that the concentration of 4 metabolites were lower and the concentration of 2 metabolites were higher. These results show us that these metabolites may be potential biomarkers for ischemic stroke, allowing an earlier implementation of preventive therapies and, with this, minimize the mortality and morbidity associated with this disease. Chapter II is related to the internship in hospital pharmacy that took place in Pharmaceutical Services of Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, in Covilhã, between February 6th and March 31st, under the guidance of Drª Maria Olímpia Fonseca. Here I report the activities I performed, the functions that each pharmacist has in each pharmacy sector and my SWOT analysis for each sector. Chapter III describes my experience in the community pharmacy, at Farmácia Moderna, in Guarda, between April 3rd and June 23rd, with the guidance of Drª Vanina Nunes. As in the previous chapter, I describe my tasks as an intern, the operation of the pharmacy, and the roles and responsibilities of community pharmacists.
Description
Keywords
Avc Isquémico Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Metabolómica Rmn