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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O paradigma DRM é muito robusto e fornece sistematicamente resultados coerentes de produção de falsas memórias. Neste trabalho, faz-se uma revisão dos conceitos associados à memória, bem como das principais teorias que tentam explicar o processo de formação de falsas memórias neste paradigma. Propõe-se que a modificação das pistas visuais dos estímulos entre as fases de estudo e de recuperação pode aumentar a formação de falsas memórias. Para testar esta hipótese planeámos 3 experiências. Na primeira experiência, fez-se uma avaliação comportamental comparando dois grupos. No primeiro grupo os itens foram apresentados da forma tradicional, sem diferenças na apresentação dos itens entre a fase de estudo e a fase de reconhecimento. No segundo grupo os itens eram apresentados em letras maiúsculas na fase de estudo e em letras minúsculas na fase de recuperação. Os resultados mostram um aumento na produção de falsas memórias. Conclui-se que isto se deveu à remoção das pistas visuais promovendo decisões baseadas na familiaridade e nos conceitos das palavras. Na segunda experiência, avaliou-se a resposta da condutância da pele ao paradigma DRM e à modificação já referida, sendo concluído que a resposta de condutância da pele está intimamente associada a uma resposta de orientação para os itens previamente vistos. O terceiro estudo, explorou as diferenças entre os potenciais evocados do processo de recuperação ocorridos, quer na presença, quer na ausência, de pistas físicas dos aspetos percetivos. Os resultados indicam uma maior atividade relacionada com a familiaridade para o grupo em que ocorre a modificação das pistas visuais entre a fase de estudo e a fase de recuperação. Os resultados apontam para novos efeitos que apresentam relações de resposta inversas no grupo em que os itens diferiam em termos das pistas físicas entre a fase de estudo e a fase de recuperação.
Apresentamos ainda a validação de um sistema de cotação automática para dados de condutância da pele.
The DRM paradigm is very robust and provides reliable results consistently producing false memories. In this work, we review the concepts associated with memory as well as the main theories that attempt to explain the process of formation of false memories according to paradigm. We proposed that the modification of the visual cues of stimuli between the stages of study and recovery may increase the formation of false memories. To test this hypothesis we planned 3 experiments. In the first experiment, we made a behavioral assessment comparing two groups. In the first group the items were presented in the traditional way, with no differences in the presentation of items between the study phase and the recognition phase. In the second group, the items were displayed in uppercase letters in the study phase, and lowercase letters in the recovery phase. The results show an increase in the production of false memories. We concluded that this was due to the removal of visual cues promoting decisions based on familiarity and concepts of words. In the second experiment, we assessed skin conductance response to the DRM paradigm and the amendment referred above. We conclude that the skin conductance response is closely associated with the orientation response to the items previously studied. In the third study, we explored the differences between the evoked potential of the recovery process occurring in the presence and absence of physical cues of the perceptive aspects. The results indicate greater activity related to the familiarity to the group that is the change of visual cues from the study phase and the recovery phase. We found further novel effects that have inverse response relationships in the group where the items differ in terms of the physical cues from the study phase and the recovery phase. We also present the validation of an automated quotation system for skin conductance data.
The DRM paradigm is very robust and provides reliable results consistently producing false memories. In this work, we review the concepts associated with memory as well as the main theories that attempt to explain the process of formation of false memories according to paradigm. We proposed that the modification of the visual cues of stimuli between the stages of study and recovery may increase the formation of false memories. To test this hypothesis we planned 3 experiments. In the first experiment, we made a behavioral assessment comparing two groups. In the first group the items were presented in the traditional way, with no differences in the presentation of items between the study phase and the recognition phase. In the second group, the items were displayed in uppercase letters in the study phase, and lowercase letters in the recovery phase. The results show an increase in the production of false memories. We concluded that this was due to the removal of visual cues promoting decisions based on familiarity and concepts of words. In the second experiment, we assessed skin conductance response to the DRM paradigm and the amendment referred above. We conclude that the skin conductance response is closely associated with the orientation response to the items previously studied. In the third study, we explored the differences between the evoked potential of the recovery process occurring in the presence and absence of physical cues of the perceptive aspects. The results indicate greater activity related to the familiarity to the group that is the change of visual cues from the study phase and the recovery phase. We found further novel effects that have inverse response relationships in the group where the items differ in terms of the physical cues from the study phase and the recovery phase. We also present the validation of an automated quotation system for skin conductance data.
Description
Keywords
Memória Paradigma DRM Atividade eletrodérmica Potenciais evocados