| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 387.93 KB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana continua a ser uma preocupação global em saúde
pública, com taxas de infeção e mortalidade alarmantes. Embora a cura ainda não seja
possível, a terapêutica disponível revolucionou o panorama atual, permitindo reduzir
significativamente a morbimortalidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas
infetadas.
Para além do avanço no tratamento, também a prevenção foi objeto de interesse e
investigação com subsequente progresso e desenvolvimento. Verificou-se que os
fármacos utilizados no tratamento do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana poderiam ser
usados antes do evento que predispõe o indivíduo à possibilidade de se infetar,
surgindo assim o conceito de profilaxia pré-exposição. Para além de comprovada
eficácia, é também um método seguro, sendo a maioria dos efeitos adversos
desprezíveis e autolimitados.
A dispensa de profilaxia pré-exposição está a aumentar de forma gratuita
mundialmente para pessoas selecionadas. A adesão, contudo, não segue o mesmo
padrão de incremento, sendo a sua adoção muito inferior ao desejável. Prioriza-se
aumentar os níveis de adesão e compreender as principais barreiras existentes que
limitam o seu uso.
Esta revisão bibliográfica reúne ensaios clínicos pertinentes, evidências científicas
credíveis, normas de orientação clínica, dados históricos, benefícios e riscos associados
à profilaxia pré-exposição. Pretende-se com esta sistematização, informar, clarificar e
promover esta promissora forma de prevenção da infeção provocada pelo Vírus da
Imunodeficiência Humana.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus is still a serious global concern in public health, with alarming infection and mortality rates. Although a cure is not yet possible, the available therapeutics have revolutionized the current panorama, allowing to reduce morbimortality significantly and improve the quality of life of infected people. Besides the advance in treatment, its prevention has also been of interest and a target for research with subsequent progress and development. It has been verified that the drugs used for the treatment for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus could be used before the event which predisposes an individual to the change of infection, hence the emerging of the concept of pre-exposure prophylaxis. Apart from its proven efficacy, it is also a safe method, with most of its adverse effects being negligible and self-limited. A free-of- charge provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis is rising worldwide for selected people. Adherence, however, does not follow the same pattern of increase, being its adoption much lower than desirable. Raising adherence levels and understanding the main existing obstacles which limit its use is a priority. This literature review gathers pertinent clinical trials, reliable scientific evidence, clinical guidelines, historical data, risks, and benefits regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis. The purpose of this systematization is to inform, clarify and promote this promising way of prevention of the infection inflicted by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus is still a serious global concern in public health, with alarming infection and mortality rates. Although a cure is not yet possible, the available therapeutics have revolutionized the current panorama, allowing to reduce morbimortality significantly and improve the quality of life of infected people. Besides the advance in treatment, its prevention has also been of interest and a target for research with subsequent progress and development. It has been verified that the drugs used for the treatment for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus could be used before the event which predisposes an individual to the change of infection, hence the emerging of the concept of pre-exposure prophylaxis. Apart from its proven efficacy, it is also a safe method, with most of its adverse effects being negligible and self-limited. A free-of- charge provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis is rising worldwide for selected people. Adherence, however, does not follow the same pattern of increase, being its adoption much lower than desirable. Raising adherence levels and understanding the main existing obstacles which limit its use is a priority. This literature review gathers pertinent clinical trials, reliable scientific evidence, clinical guidelines, historical data, risks, and benefits regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis. The purpose of this systematization is to inform, clarify and promote this promising way of prevention of the infection inflicted by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Description
Keywords
Benefícios Evolução Profilaxia Pré-Exposição Riscos Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana